diff --git a/src/lib/css-parse.html b/src/lib/css-parse.html
index 13b1ec32..7dcaa1a9 100644
--- a/src/lib/css-parse.html
+++ b/src/lib/css-parse.html
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ Polymer.CssParse = (function() {
             node.type = this.types.MEDIA_RULE;
           } else if (s.match(this._rx.keyframesRule)) {
             node.type = this.types.KEYFRAMES_RULE;
+            node.keyframesName =
+                node.selector.split(this._rx.multipleSpaces).pop();
           }
         } else {
           if (s.indexOf(this.VAR_START) === 0) {
diff --git a/src/lib/custom-style.html b/src/lib/custom-style.html
index a90b2c34..2530b885 100644
--- a/src/lib/custom-style.html
+++ b/src/lib/custom-style.html
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ Note, all features of `custom-style` are available when defining styles as part
           e.textContent;
       }
       if (e.textContent) {
-        styleUtil.forEachStyleRule(styleUtil.rulesForStyle(e), function(rule) {
+        styleUtil.forEachRule(styleUtil.rulesForStyle(e), function(rule) {
           styleTransformer.documentRule(rule);
         });
         // Allow all custom-styles defined in this turn to register
diff --git a/src/lib/style-extends.html b/src/lib/style-extends.html
index 93b2fe62..414f1ba2 100644
--- a/src/lib/style-extends.html
+++ b/src/lib/style-extends.html
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Polymer.StyleExtends = (function() {
   var styleUtil = Polymer.StyleUtil;
 
   return {
-    
+
     hasExtends: function(cssText) {
       return Boolean(cssText.match(this.rx.EXTEND));
     },
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Polymer.StyleExtends = (function() {
     transform: function(style) {
       var rules = styleUtil.rulesForStyle(style);
       var self = this;
-      styleUtil.forEachStyleRule(rules, function(rule) {
+      styleUtil.forEachRule(rules, function(rule) {
         var map = self._mapRule(rule);
         if (rule.parent) {
           var m;
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Polymer.StyleExtends = (function() {
       // TODO: this misses `%foo, .bar` as an unetended selector but
       // this seems rare and could possibly be unsupported.
       source.selector = source.selector.replace(this.rx.STRIP, '');
-      source.selector = (source.selector && source.selector + ',\n') + 
+      source.selector = (source.selector && source.selector + ',\n') +
         target.selector;
       if (source.extends) {
         source.extends.forEach(function(e) {
diff --git a/src/lib/style-properties.html b/src/lib/style-properties.html
index dec71dde..544a0be9 100644
--- a/src/lib/style-properties.html
+++ b/src/lib/style-properties.html
@@ -25,11 +25,15 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
       // decorates styles with rule info and returns an array of used style
       // property names
       decorateStyles: function(styles) {
-        var self = this, props = {};
+        var self = this, props = {}, keyframes = [];
         styleUtil.forRulesInStyles(styles, function(rule) {
           self.decorateRule(rule);
           self.collectPropertiesInCssText(rule.propertyInfo.cssText, props);
+        }, function onKeyframesRule(rule) {
+          keyframes.push(rule);
         });
+        // Cache all found keyframes rules for later reference:
+        styles._keyframes = keyframes;
         // return this list of property names *consumes* in these styles.
         var names = [];
         for (var i in props) {
@@ -87,7 +91,10 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
         var parts = cssText.split(';');
         for (var i=0, p; i<parts.length; i++) {
           p = parts[i];
-          if (p.match(this.rx.MIXIN_MATCH) || p.match(this.rx.VAR_MATCH)) {
+          if (p.match(this.rx.MIXIN_MATCH) ||
+              p.match(this.rx.VAR_MATCH) ||
+              this.rx.ANIMATION_MATCH.test(p) ||
+              styleUtil.isKeyframesSelector(rule)) {
             customCssText += p + ';\n';
           }
         }
@@ -181,6 +188,46 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
         rule.cssText = output;
       },
 
+      // Apply keyframe transformations to the cssText of a given rule. The
+      // keyframeTransforms object is a map of keyframe names to transformer
+      // functions which take in cssText and spit out transformed cssText.
+      applyKeyframeTransforms: function(rule, keyframeTransforms) {
+        var input = rule.cssText;
+        var output = rule.cssText;
+        if (rule.hasAnimations == null) {
+          // Cache whether or not the rule has any animations to begin with:
+          rule.hasAnimations = this.rx.ANIMATION_MATCH.test(input);
+        }
+        // If there are no animations referenced, we can skip transforms:
+        if (rule.hasAnimations) {
+          var transform;
+          // If we haven't transformed this rule before, we iterate over all
+          // transforms:
+          if (rule.keyframeNamesToTransform == null) {
+            rule.keyframeNamesToTransform = [];
+            for (var keyframe in keyframeTransforms) {
+              transform = keyframeTransforms[keyframe];
+              output = transform(input);
+              // If the transform actually changed the CSS text, we cache the
+              // transform name for future use:
+              if (input !== output) {
+                input = output;
+                rule.keyframeNamesToTransform.push(keyframe);
+              }
+            }
+          } else {
+            // If we already have a list of keyframe names that apply to this
+            // rule, we apply only those keyframe name transforms:
+            for (var i = 0; i < rule.keyframeNamesToTransform.length; ++i) {
+              transform = keyframeTransforms[rule.keyframeNamesToTransform[i]];
+              input = transform(input);
+            }
+            output = input;
+          }
+        }
+        rule.cssText = output;
+      },
+
       // Test if the rules in these styles matches the given `element` and if so,
       // collect any custom properties into `props`.
       propertyDataFromStyles: function(styles, element) {
@@ -256,15 +303,60 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
           hostSelector;
         var hostRx = new RegExp(this.rx.HOST_PREFIX + rxHostSelector +
           this.rx.HOST_SUFFIX);
+        var keyframeTransforms =
+          this._elementKeyframeTransforms(element, scopeSelector);
         return styleTransformer.elementStyles(element, function(rule) {
           self.applyProperties(rule, properties);
-          if (rule.cssText && !nativeShadow) {
+          if (!nativeShadow &&
+              !Polymer.StyleUtil.isKeyframesSelector(rule) &&
+              rule.cssText) {
+            // NOTE: keyframe transforms only scope munge animation names, so it
+            // is not necessary to apply them in ShadowDOM.
+            self.applyKeyframeTransforms(rule, keyframeTransforms);
             self._scopeSelector(rule, hostRx, hostSelector,
               element._scopeCssViaAttr, scopeSelector);
           }
         });
       },
 
+      _elementKeyframeTransforms: function(element, scopeSelector) {
+        var keyframesRules = element._styles._keyframes;
+        var keyframeTransforms = {};
+        if (!nativeShadow) {
+          // For non-ShadowDOM, we transform all known keyframes rules in
+          // advance for the current scope. This allows us to catch keyframes
+          // rules that appear anywhere in the stylesheet:
+          for (var i = 0, keyframesRule = keyframesRules[i];
+               i < keyframesRules.length;
+               keyframesRule = keyframesRules[++i]) {
+            this._scopeKeyframes(keyframesRule, scopeSelector);
+            keyframeTransforms[keyframesRule.keyframesName] =
+                this._keyframesRuleTransformer(keyframesRule);
+          }
+        }
+        return keyframeTransforms;
+      },
+
+      // Generate a factory for transforming a chunk of CSS text to handle a
+      // particular scoped keyframes rule.
+      _keyframesRuleTransformer: function(keyframesRule) {
+        return function(cssText) {
+          return cssText.replace(
+              keyframesRule.keyframesNameRx,
+              keyframesRule.transformedKeyframesName);
+        };
+      },
+
+      // Transforms `@keyframes` names to be unique for the current host.
+      // Example: @keyframes foo-anim -> @keyframes foo-anim-x-foo-0
+      _scopeKeyframes: function(rule, scopeId) {
+        rule.keyframesNameRx = new RegExp(rule.keyframesName, 'g');
+        rule.transformedKeyframesName = rule.keyframesName + '-' + scopeId;
+        rule.transformedSelector = rule.transformedSelector || rule.selector;
+        rule.selector = rule.transformedSelector.replace(
+            rule.keyframesName, rule.transformedKeyframesName);
+      },
+
       // Strategy: x scope shim a selector e.g. to scope `.x-foo-42` (via classes):
       // non-host selector: .a.x-foo -> .x-foo-42 .a.x-foo
       // host selector: x-foo.wide -> x-foo.x-foo-42.wide
@@ -359,6 +451,7 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
         // var(--a, fallback-literal(with-one-nested-parentheses))
         VAR_MATCH: /(^|\W+)var\([\s]*([^,)]*)[\s]*,?[\s]*((?:[^,)]*)|(?:[^;]*\([^;)]*\)))[\s]*?\)/gi,
         VAR_CAPTURE: /\([\s]*(--[^,\s)]*)(?:,[\s]*(--[^,\s)]*))?(?:\)|,)/gi,
+        ANIMATION_MATCH: /(animation\s*:)|(animation-name\s*:)/,
         IS_VAR: /^--/,
         BRACKETED: /\{[^}]*\}/g,
         HOST_PREFIX: '(?:^|[^.#[:])',
diff --git a/src/lib/style-transformer.html b/src/lib/style-transformer.html
index 419c38d6..5845a94b 100644
--- a/src/lib/style-transformer.html
+++ b/src/lib/style-transformer.html
@@ -146,8 +146,12 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
       // transforms a css rule to a scoped rule.
       _transformRule: function(rule, transformer, scope, hostScope) {
         var p$ = rule.selector.split(COMPLEX_SELECTOR_SEP);
-        for (var i=0, l=p$.length, p; (i<l) && (p=p$[i]); i++) {
-          p$[i] = transformer.call(this, p, scope, hostScope);
+        // we want to skip transformation of rules that appear in keyframes,
+        // because they are keyframe selectors, not element selectors.
+        if (!styleUtil.isKeyframesSelector(rule)) {
+          for (var i=0, l=p$.length, p; (i<l) && (p=p$[i]); i++) {
+            p$[i] = transformer.call(this, p, scope, hostScope);
+          }
         }
         // NOTE: save transformedSelector for subsequent matching of elements
         // against selectors (e.g. when calculating style properties)
diff --git a/src/lib/style-util.html b/src/lib/style-util.html
index fa00e977..1886eeed 100644
--- a/src/lib/style-util.html
+++ b/src/lib/style-util.html
@@ -24,15 +24,18 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
           rules = this.parser.parse(rules);
         }
         if (callback) {
-          this.forEachStyleRule(rules, callback);
+          this.forEachRule(rules, callback);
         }
         return this.parser.stringify(rules, preserveProperties);
       },
 
-      forRulesInStyles: function(styles, callback) {
+      forRulesInStyles: function(styles, styleRuleCallback, keyframesRuleCallback) {
         if (styles) {
           for (var i=0, l=styles.length, s; (i<l) && (s=styles[i]); i++) {
-            this.forEachStyleRule(this.rulesForStyle(s), callback);
+            this.forEachRule(
+                this.rulesForStyle(s),
+                styleRuleCallback,
+                keyframesRuleCallback);
           }
         }
       },
@@ -44,21 +47,31 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
         return style.__cssRules;
       },
 
-      forEachStyleRule: function(node, callback) {
+      // Tests if a rule is a keyframes selector, which looks almost exactly
+      // like a normal selector but is not (it has nothing to do with scoping
+      // for example).
+      isKeyframesSelector: function(rule) {
+        return rule.parent &&
+            rule.parent.type === this.ruleTypes.KEYFRAMES_RULE;
+      },
+
+      forEachRule: function(node, styleRuleCallback, keyframesRuleCallback) {
         if (!node) {
           return;
         }
         var skipRules = false;
         if (node.type === this.ruleTypes.STYLE_RULE) {
-          callback(node);
-        } else if (node.type === this.ruleTypes.KEYFRAMES_RULE ||
-            node.type === this.ruleTypes.MIXIN_RULE) {
+          styleRuleCallback(node);
+        } else if (keyframesRuleCallback &&
+                   node.type === this.ruleTypes.KEYFRAMES_RULE) {
+          keyframesRuleCallback(node);
+        } else if (node.type === this.ruleTypes.MIXIN_RULE) {
           skipRules = true;
         }
         var r$ = node.rules;
         if (r$ && !skipRules) {
           for (var i=0, l=r$.length, r; (i<l) && (r=r$[i]); i++) {
-            this.forEachStyleRule(r, callback);
+            this.forEachRule(r, styleRuleCallback, keyframesRuleCallback);
           }
         }
       },
diff --git a/test/smoke/keyframes.html b/test/smoke/keyframes.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..83dd7536
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/smoke/keyframes.html
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<!--
+@license
+Copyright (c) 2014 The Polymer Project Authors. All rights reserved.
+This code may only be used under the BSD style license found at http://polymer.github.io/LICENSE.txt
+The complete set of authors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/AUTHORS.txt
+The complete set of contributors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/CONTRIBUTORS.txt
+Code distributed by Google as part of the polymer project is also
+subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATENTS.txt
+-->
+<script src="../../../webcomponentsjs/webcomponents-lite.js"></script>
+<link rel="import" href="../../polymer.html">
+
+<body>
+  <style is="custom-style">
+    :root {
+      --color: blue;
+      --anim-color: red;
+    }
+
+    .alternative {
+      --color: green;
+      --anim-color: blue;
+    }
+  </style>
+
+  <dom-module id="test-keyframes">
+    <template><style>
+      :host {
+        display: block;
+        color: var(--color);
+        animation: foo 3s;
+        height: 20px;
+      }
+
+      @keyframes foo {
+        0% {
+          background: var(--anim-color);
+        }
+
+        100% {
+          background: yellow;
+        }
+      }
+    </style><content></content></template>
+    <script>
+      Polymer({
+        is: 'test-keyframes'
+      });
+
+    </script>
+  </dom-module>
+
+  <p>Text should be the color blue. Background should animate from the color red to the color yellow, and then become transparent.</p>
+  <test-keyframes>red</test-keyframes>
+
+  <p>Text should be the color green. Background should animate from the color blue to the color yellow, and then become transparent.</p>
+  <test-keyframes class="alternative">blue</test-keyframes>
+
+</body>
diff --git a/test/unit/styling-cross-scope-apply.html b/test/unit/styling-cross-scope-apply.html
index 06bfaac1..ed2c6531 100644
--- a/test/unit/styling-cross-scope-apply.html
+++ b/test/unit/styling-cross-scope-apply.html
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
       :host {
         display: block;
       }
-      
+
       #story-card .story-content {
         font-family: 'Roboto', sans-serif;
         font-size: 1.2em;
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
           background: url(http://www.google.com/icon.png);
         };
       }
-      
+
       #mixin1 {
         @apply(--mixin1);
       }
@@ -95,6 +95,67 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
     </script>
   </dom-module>
 
+  <dom-module id="x-keyframes">
+    <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          display: block;
+          position: relative;
+          border: 10px solid blue;
+          left: 0px;
+          /* Prefix required by Safari <= 8 */
+          -webkit-animation-duration: 0.3s;
+          animation-duration: 0.3s;
+          -webkit-animation-fill-mode: forwards;
+          animation-fill-mode: forwards;
+        }
+
+        :host([animated]) {
+          /* Prefix required by Safari <= 8 */
+          -webkit-animation-name: x-keyframes-animation;
+          animation-name: x-keyframes-animation;
+        }
+
+        /* Prefix required by Safari <= 8 */
+        @-webkit-keyframes x-keyframes-animation {
+          0% {
+            left: var(--c1);
+          }
+
+          100% {
+            left: var(--c2);
+            @apply(--keyframe-finish);
+          }
+        }
+        @keyframes x-keyframes-animation {
+          0% {
+            left: var(--c1);
+          }
+
+          100% {
+            left: var(--c2);
+            @apply(--keyframe-finish);
+          }
+        }
+      </style>
+      x-keyframes
+    </template>
+    <script>
+    HTMLImports.whenReady(function() {
+      Polymer({
+        is: 'x-keyframes',
+        properties: {
+          animated: {
+            type: Boolean,
+            value: false,
+            reflectToAttribute: true
+          }
+        }
+      });
+    });
+    </script>
+  </dom-module>
+
   <dom-module id="x-scope">
     <style>
       :host {
@@ -165,6 +226,12 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
         @apply(--mixin5);
       }
 
+      #keyframes2 {
+        --keyframe-finish: {
+          left: 20px;
+        };
+      }
+
       x-child-scope {
         padding: 10px;
       }
@@ -189,6 +256,8 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
       <div id="mixin4">mixin4</div>
       <div id="mixin5">mixin5</div>
       <hr>
+      <x-keyframes id="keyframes1"></x-keyframes>
+      <x-keyframes id="keyframes2"></x-keyframes>
       <x-child-scope id="child"></x-child-scope>
       <story-card id="card"></story-card>
       <div id="override">override</div>
@@ -267,6 +336,31 @@ suite('scoped-styling-apply', function() {
     assertComputed(styled.$.child.$.mixin7, '17px');
   });
 
+  test('mixins apply to @keyframe rules', function(done) {
+    var xKeyframes1 = styled.$.keyframes1;
+    var xKeyframes2 = styled.$.keyframes2;
+    var completed = 0;
+
+    [xKeyframes1, xKeyframes2].forEach(function(xKeyframes, index) {
+      var target = index === 0 ? '10px' : '20px';
+      var onAnimationEnd = function() {
+        assert.include(xKeyframes.getComputedStyleValue('left'), target);
+
+        xKeyframes.removeEventListener('animationend', onAnimationEnd);
+        xKeyframes.removeEventListener('webkitAnimationEnd', onAnimationEnd);
+        xKeyframes.animated = false;
+        if (++completed > 1) {
+          done();
+        }
+      };
+
+      xKeyframes.addEventListener('animationend', onAnimationEnd);
+      xKeyframes.addEventListener('webkitAnimationEnd', onAnimationEnd);
+
+      xKeyframes.animated = true;
+    });
+  });
+
   // TODO(sorvell): fix for #1761 was reverted; include test once this issue is addressed
   // test('mixin values can be overridden by subsequent concrete properties', function() {
   //   assertComputed(styled.$.override, '19px');
diff --git a/test/unit/styling-cross-scope-var.html b/test/unit/styling-cross-scope-var.html
index 6e2b3bdd..ffa55401 100644
--- a/test/unit/styling-cross-scope-var.html
+++ b/test/unit/styling-cross-scope-var.html
@@ -23,27 +23,26 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   <x-scope></x-scope>
 
   <dom-module id="x-grand-child-scope">
-    <style>
-      :host {
-        display: block;
-        padding: 8px;
-      }
-
-      #scope {
-        border: var(--scope-var);
-      }
-
-      #child {
-        border: var(--child-scope-var);
-      }
-
-      #me {
-        border: var(--grand-child-scope-var);
-      }
-
-    </style>
-
     <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          display: block;
+          padding: 8px;
+        }
+
+        #scope {
+          border: var(--scope-var);
+        }
+
+        #child {
+          border: var(--child-scope-var);
+        }
+
+        #me {
+          border: var(--grand-child-scope-var);
+        }
+
+      </style>
       <div id="me">x-grand-child-scope</div>
       <div id="scope">From x-scope</div>
       <div id="child">From x-child-scope</div>
@@ -56,15 +55,14 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   </dom-module>
 
   <dom-module id="x-host-property">
-    <style>
-      :host {
-        display: block;
-        padding: 8px;
-        border: var(--scope-var);
-      }
-    </style>
-
     <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          display: block;
+          padding: 8px;
+          border: var(--scope-var);
+        }
+      </style>
       Host property
     </template>
     <script>
@@ -75,31 +73,30 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   </dom-module>
 
   <dom-module id="x-child-scope">
-    <style>
-      :host {
-        display: block;
-        padding: 8px;
-      }
-
-      :root {
-        --gc4-scope: 5px solid green;
-      }
-
-      #me {
-        border: var(--child-scope-var);
-      }
-
-      #gc2 {
-        --grand-child-scope-var: 4px solid seagreen;
-      }
-
-      #gc4 {
-        --grand-child-scope-var:
-        var(--gc4-scope);
-      }
-    </style>
-
     <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          display: block;
+          padding: 8px;
+        }
+
+        :root {
+          --gc4-scope: 5px solid green;
+        }
+
+        #me {
+          border: var(--child-scope-var);
+        }
+
+        #gc2 {
+          --grand-child-scope-var: 4px solid seagreen;
+        }
+
+        #gc4 {
+          --grand-child-scope-var:
+          var(--gc4-scope);
+        }
+      </style>
       <div id="me">x-child-scope</div>
       <x-grand-child-scope id="gc1"></x-grand-child-scope>
       <x-grand-child-scope id="gc2"></x-grand-child-scope>
@@ -114,17 +111,16 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   </dom-module>
 
   <dom-module id="x-overrides">
-    <style>
-      :host {
-        border: 1px dashed gray;
-        margin: 8px;
-        padding: 8px;
-        display: block;
-        --grand-child-scope-var: var(--rename);
-      }
-    </style>
-
     <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          border: 1px dashed gray;
+          margin: 8px;
+          padding: 8px;
+          display: block;
+          --grand-child-scope-var: var(--rename);
+        }
+      </style>
       overrides:
       <x-grand-child-scope id="gc1"></x-grand-child-scope>
     </template>
@@ -136,20 +132,19 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   </dom-module>
 
   <dom-module id="x-overrides2">
-    <style>
-      :host {
-        border: 1px dashed gray;
-        margin: 8px;
-        padding: 8px;
-        display: block;
-      }
-
-      :root {
-        --grand-child-scope-var: var(--rename);
-      }
-    </style>
-
     <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          border: 1px dashed gray;
+          margin: 8px;
+          padding: 8px;
+          display: block;
+        }
+
+        :root {
+          --grand-child-scope-var: var(--rename);
+        }
+      </style>
       overrides:
       <x-grand-child-scope id="gc1"></x-grand-child-scope>
     </template>
@@ -161,14 +156,13 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   </dom-module>
 
   <dom-module id="x-late">
-    <style>
-      :host {
-        border: var(--late);
-        display: block;
-      }
-    </style>
-
     <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          border: var(--late);
+          display: block;
+        }
+      </style>
       late
     </template>
     <script>
@@ -179,20 +173,19 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   </dom-module>
 
   <dom-module id="x-overrides3">
-    <style>
-      :host {
-        border: 1px dashed gray;
-        margin: 8px;
-        padding: 8px;
-        display: block;
-      }
-
-      :root {
-        --fillin: 16px;
-      }
-    </style>
-
     <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          border: 1px dashed gray;
+          margin: 8px;
+          padding: 8px;
+          display: block;
+        }
+
+        :root {
+          --fillin: 16px;
+        }
+      </style>
       overrides:
       <x-late id="late"></x-late>
     </template>
@@ -204,16 +197,15 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   </dom-module>
 
   <dom-module id="x-has-def">
-    <style>
-      :host {
-        border: var(--border, --defaultBorder);
-        margin: 8px;
-        padding: 8px;
-        display: block;
-      }
-    </style>
-
     <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          border: var(--border, --defaultBorder);
+          margin: 8px;
+          padding: 8px;
+          display: block;
+        }
+      </style>
       Element with default variable.
     </template>
     <script>
@@ -224,13 +216,12 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   </dom-module>
 
   <dom-module id="x-has-if">
-    <style>
-      .iffy {
-        border: var(--scope-var);
-      }
-    </style>
-
     <template>
+      <style>
+        .iffy {
+          border: var(--scope-var);
+        }
+      </style>
       <template is="dom-if" if="{{gogo}}">
         <div class="iffy">iffy</div>
       </template>
@@ -248,13 +239,13 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   </dom-module>
 
   <dom-module id="x-button">
-    <style>
-      :host {
-        display: block;
-        border: var(--button-border);
-      }
-    </style>
     <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          display: block;
+          border: var(--button-border);
+        }
+      </style>
       Button!
     </template>
     <script>
@@ -268,14 +259,14 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   </dom-module>
 
   <dom-module id="x-dynamic">
-    <style>
-      :host {
-        display: block;
-        margin: 20px;
-        border: var(--dynamic);
-      }
-    </style>
     <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          display: block;
+          margin: 20px;
+          border: var(--dynamic);
+        }
+      </style>
       Dynamic
     </template>
     <script>
@@ -287,113 +278,177 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
     </script>
   </dom-module>
 
-  <dom-module id="x-scope">
-    <style>
-      :host {
-        x--invalid: 15px solid gray;
-        display: block;
-        padding: 8px;
-        --scope-var: 1px solid black;
-        --fallback: 7px solid orange;
-        --default1: var(--undefined, 6px solid yellow);
-        --default2: var(--undefined, --fallback);
-        --default3: var(--undefined, rgb(128, 200, 250));
-        --defaultBorder: 22px solid green;
-        --a: 10px;
-        --b: 5px;
-        --primary-color: rgb(128, 128, 128);
-        --late: var(--fillin);
-
-        --button-border: 16px solid tomato;
-        --after: 17px solid brown;
-
-        --end-term: 19px solid blue}
-
-      :root{--ws-term: 18px solid orange}
-
-      #me {
-        border: var(--scope-var);
-      }
-
-      x-child-scope {
-        --child-scope-var: 2px solid orange;
-        --grand-child-scope-var: 3px solid steelblue;
-      }
-
-      x-child-scope.special {
-        --child-scope-var: 12px solid orange;
-      }
-
-      #applyDefault1 {
-        border: var(--undefined, 6px solid yellow);
-      }
-
-      #applyDefault2 {
-        border: var(--undefined, --fallback);
-      }
-
-      #default1 {
-        border: var(--default1);
-      }
-
-      #default2 {
-        border: var(--default2);
-      }
-
-      #default3 {
-        padding: 8px;
-        background-color: var(--default3);
-      }
-
-      #defaultElement2 {
-        --defaultBorder: 23px solid goldenrod;
-      }
-
-      #overrides1a, #overrides1b, #overrides2 {
-        --rename: 8px solid navy;
-      }
-
-      #overrides1b, #overrides2 {
-        --grand-child-scope-var: 9px solid orange;
-      }
-
-      #overridesConcrete {
-        border: var(--scope-var);
-        border: 4px solid steelblue;
-      }
-
-      #calc {
-        border: solid red;
-        border-width: calc(var(--a) + var(--b));
-      }
-
-      #shadow {
-        box-shadow: 10px 10px 10px var(--primary-color);
-        -webkit-box-shadow: 10px 10px 10px var(--primary-color);
-      }
-
-      x-host-property {
-        border: 10px solid purple;
-      }
-
-      #invalid {
-        border: var(--invalid);
-      }
-
-      #after::after {
-        content: 'after';
-        border: var(--after);
-      }
-
-      #wsTerm {
-        border: var(--ws-term)
-      }
-
-      #endTerm {border: var(--end-term)}
-    </style>
-
+  <dom-module id="x-keyframes">
     <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          display: block;
+          position: relative;
+          border: 10px solid blue;
+          left: 0px;
+          /* Prefix required by Safari <= 8 */
+          -webkit-animation-duration: 0.3s;
+          animation-duration: 0.3s;
+          -webkit-animation-fill-mode: forwards;
+          animation-fill-mode: forwards;
+        }
+
+        :host([animated]) {
+          /* Prefix required by Safari <= 8 */
+          -webkit-animation-name: x-keyframes-animation;
+          animation-name: x-keyframes-animation;
+        }
+
+        /* Prefix required by Safari <= 8 */
+        @-webkit-keyframes x-keyframes-animation {
+          0% {
+            left: var(--a);
+          }
+
+          100% {
+            left: var(--b);
+          }
+        }
+        @keyframes x-keyframes-animation {
+          0% {
+            left: var(--a);
+          }
+
+          100% {
+            left: var(--b);
+          }
+        }
+      </style>
+      x-keyframes
+    </template>
+    <script>
+    HTMLImports.whenReady(function() {
+      Polymer({
+        is: 'x-keyframes',
+        properties: {
+          animated: {
+            type: Boolean,
+            value: false,
+            reflectToAttribute: true
+          }
+        }
+      });
+    });
+    </script>
+  </dom-module>
+
+  <dom-module id="x-scope">
+    <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          x--invalid: 15px solid gray;
+          display: block;
+          padding: 8px;
+          --scope-var: 1px solid black;
+          --fallback: 7px solid orange;
+          --default1: var(--undefined, 6px solid yellow);
+          --default2: var(--undefined, --fallback);
+          --default3: var(--undefined, rgb(128, 200, 250));
+          --defaultBorder: 22px solid green;
+          --a: 10px;
+          --b: 5px;
+          --primary-color: rgb(128, 128, 128);
+          --late: var(--fillin);
+
+          --button-border: 16px solid tomato;
+          --after: 17px solid brown;
+
+          --end-term: 19px solid blue}
+
+        :root{--ws-term: 18px solid orange}
+
+        #me {
+          border: var(--scope-var);
+        }
+
+        x-child-scope {
+          --child-scope-var: 2px solid orange;
+          --grand-child-scope-var: 3px solid steelblue;
+        }
+
+        x-child-scope.special {
+          --child-scope-var: 12px solid orange;
+        }
+
+        #applyDefault1 {
+          border: var(--undefined, 6px solid yellow);
+        }
+
+        #applyDefault2 {
+          border: var(--undefined, --fallback);
+        }
+
+        #default1 {
+          border: var(--default1);
+        }
+
+        #default2 {
+          border: var(--default2);
+        }
+
+        #default3 {
+          padding: 8px;
+          background-color: var(--default3);
+        }
+
+        #defaultElement2 {
+          --defaultBorder: 23px solid goldenrod;
+        }
+
+        #overrides1a, #overrides1b, #overrides2 {
+          --rename: 8px solid navy;
+        }
+
+        #overrides1b, #overrides2 {
+          --grand-child-scope-var: 9px solid orange;
+        }
+
+        #overridesConcrete {
+          border: var(--scope-var);
+          border: 4px solid steelblue;
+        }
+
+        #calc {
+          border: solid red;
+          border-width: calc(var(--a) + var(--b));
+        }
+
+        #shadow {
+          box-shadow: 10px 10px 10px var(--primary-color);
+          -webkit-box-shadow: 10px 10px 10px var(--primary-color);
+        }
+
+        x-host-property {
+          border: 10px solid purple;
+        }
+
+        #invalid {
+          border: var(--invalid);
+        }
+
+        #after::after {
+          content: 'after';
+          border: var(--after);
+        }
+
+        #wsTerm {
+          border: var(--ws-term)
+        }
+
+        x-keyframes:nth-of-type(2) {
+          --b: -5px;
+        }
+
+        #endTerm {border: var(--end-term)}
+      </style>
       <div id="me">x-scope</div>
+      <x-keyframes id="keyframes"></x-keyframes>
+      <x-keyframes id="keyframes2"></x-keyframes>
       <x-child-scope id="child"></x-child-scope>
       <x-child-scope id="child2"></x-child-scope>
       <x-overrides id="overrides1a"></x-overrides>
@@ -429,50 +484,49 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
   </dom-module>
 
   <dom-module id="x-inside">
-  <style>
-    :host {
-      display: inline-block;
-      border: var(--border) solid orange;
-      height: 10px;
-      width: 10px;
-      background-color: tomato;
-    }
-  </style>
-  <template>
-
-  </template>
-  <script>
-  HTMLImports.whenReady(function() {
-    Polymer({
-      is: 'x-inside'
+    <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          display: inline-block;
+          border: var(--border) solid orange;
+          height: 10px;
+          width: 10px;
+          background-color: tomato;
+        }
+      </style>
+    </template>
+    <script>
+    HTMLImports.whenReady(function() {
+      Polymer({
+        is: 'x-inside'
+      });
     });
-  });
-  </script>
-</dom-module>
+    </script>
+  </dom-module>
 
+  <dom-module id="simple-element">
+    <template>
+      <style>
+        :host {
+          display: block;
+        }
 
-<dom-module id="simple-element">
-  <style>
-    :host {
-      display: block;
-    }
-
-    x-inside {
-      color: var(--dne);
-      --border: 10px;
-    }
-  </style>
-  <template>
-    <x-inside id="inner"></x-inside>
-  </template>
-  <script>
-  HTMLImports.whenReady(function() {
-    Polymer({
-      is: 'simple-element'
+        x-inside {
+          color: var(--dne);
+          --border: 10px;
+        }
+      </style>
+      <x-inside id="inner"></x-inside>
+    </template>
+    <script>
+    HTMLImports.whenReady(function() {
+      Polymer({
+        is: 'simple-element'
+      });
     });
-  });
-  </script>
-</dom-module>
+    </script>
+  </dom-module>
+
 
 <style>
   .variable-override {
@@ -517,6 +571,46 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
 
   var styled = document.querySelector('x-scope');
 
+  test('variables in @keyframes', function(done) {
+    var xKeyframes = styled.$.keyframes;
+    var onAnimationEnd = function() {
+      assertStylePropertyValue(xKeyframes, 'left', '5px');
+
+      xKeyframes.removeEventListener('animationend', onAnimationEnd);
+      xKeyframes.removeEventListener('webkitAnimationEnd', onAnimationEnd);
+      xKeyframes.animated = false;
+      done();
+    };
+
+    assertStylePropertyValue(xKeyframes, '--a', '10px');
+    assertStylePropertyValue(xKeyframes, '--b', '5px');
+
+    xKeyframes.addEventListener('animationend', onAnimationEnd);
+    xKeyframes.addEventListener('webkitAnimationEnd', onAnimationEnd);
+
+    xKeyframes.animated = true;
+  });
+
+  test('instances of scoped @keyframes', function(done) {
+    var xKeyframes = styled.$.keyframes2;
+    var onAnimationEnd = function() {
+      assertStylePropertyValue(xKeyframes, 'left', '5px');
+
+      xKeyframes.removeEventListener('animationend', onAnimationEnd);
+      xKeyframes.removeEventListener('webkitAnimationEnd', onAnimationEnd);
+      xKeyframes.animated = false;
+      done();
+    };
+
+    assertStylePropertyValue(xKeyframes, '--a', '10px');
+    assertStylePropertyValue(xKeyframes, '--b', '-5px');
+
+    xKeyframes.addEventListener('animationend', onAnimationEnd);
+    xKeyframes.addEventListener('webkitAnimationEnd', onAnimationEnd);
+
+    xKeyframes.animated = true;
+  });
+
   test('mutiple elements in document', function() {
     var e$ = document.querySelectorAll('simple-element');
     assertComputed(e$[0].$.inner, '10px');
diff --git a/test/unit/styling-scoped-elements.html b/test/unit/styling-scoped-elements.html
index 7b785015..a9ab13c3 100644
--- a/test/unit/styling-scoped-elements.html
+++ b/test/unit/styling-scoped-elements.html
@@ -1,3 +1,59 @@
+<dom-module id="x-keyframes">
+  <template>
+    <style>
+      :host {
+        display: block;
+        position: relative;
+        border: 10px solid blue;
+        left: 0px;
+        /* Prefix required by Safari <= 8 */
+        -webkit-animation-duration: 0.3s;
+        animation-duration: 0.3s;
+        -webkit-animation-fill-mode: forwards;
+        animation-fill-mode: forwards;
+      }
+
+      :host([animated]) {
+        /* Prefix required by Safari <= 8 */
+        -webkit-animation-name: x-keyframes-animation;
+        animation-name: x-keyframes-animation;
+      }
+
+      /* Prefix required by Safari <= 8 */
+      @-webkit-keyframes x-keyframes-animation {
+        0% {
+          left: var(--keyframes0, 0px);
+        }
+
+        100% {
+          left: var(--keyframes100, 10px);
+        }
+      }
+      @keyframes x-keyframes-animation {
+        0% {
+          left: var(--keyframes0, 0px);
+        }
+
+        100% {
+          left: var(--keyframes100, 10px);
+        }
+      }
+    </style>
+    x-keyframes
+  </template>
+  <script>
+    Polymer({
+      is: 'x-keyframes',
+      properties: {
+        animated: {
+          type: Boolean,
+          value: false,
+          reflectToAttribute: true
+        }
+      }
+    });
+  </script>
+</dom-module>
 <dom-module id="x-gchild">
   <template>
     <!-- styles can be in templates -->
@@ -70,12 +126,17 @@
     :host {
       display: block;
       border: 1px solid orange;
+      --keyframes100: 100px;
     }
 
     :host(.wide) {
       border-width: 2px;
     }
 
+    #keyframes2.special {
+      --keyframes100: 200px;
+    }
+
     #simple {
       border: 3px solid orange;
     }
@@ -169,6 +230,8 @@
       <circle id="circle" cx="12" cy="12" r="10"></circle>
     </svg>
     <x-scope-class id="scopeClass"></x-scope-class>
+    <x-keyframes id="keyframes"></x-keyframes>
+    <x-keyframes id="keyframes2"></x-keyframes>
   </template>
 </dom-module>
 <script>
diff --git a/test/unit/styling-scoped.html b/test/unit/styling-scoped.html
index 8a86a005..6a27b2aa 100644
--- a/test/unit/styling-scoped.html
+++ b/test/unit/styling-scoped.html
@@ -164,6 +164,38 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
     assertComputed(d, '0px');
   });
 
+  test('keyframes change scope', function(done) {
+    var xKeyframes = styled.$.keyframes;
+
+    var onAnimationEnd = function() {
+      xKeyframes.removeEventListener('animationend', onAnimationEnd);
+      xKeyframes.removeEventListener('webkitAnimationEnd', onAnimationEnd);
+      assertComputed(xKeyframes, '100px', 'left');
+
+      xKeyframes = styled.$.keyframes2;
+
+      onAnimationEnd = function() {
+        xKeyframes.removeEventListener('animationend', onAnimationEnd);
+        xKeyframes.removeEventListener('webkitAnimationEnd', onAnimationEnd);
+        assertComputed(xKeyframes, '200px', 'left');
+        done();
+      };
+
+      xKeyframes.addEventListener('animationend', onAnimationEnd);
+      xKeyframes.addEventListener('webkitAnimationEnd', onAnimationEnd);
+
+      Polymer.dom(xKeyframes).classList.add('special');
+      xKeyframes.updateStyles();
+      xKeyframes.animated = true;
+    };
+
+    xKeyframes.addEventListener('animationend', onAnimationEnd);
+    xKeyframes.addEventListener('webkitAnimationEnd', onAnimationEnd);
+
+    xKeyframes.animated = true;
+    assertComputed(xKeyframes, '0px', 'left');
+  });
+
   test('elements with computed classes', function() {
     assertComputed(styled.$.computed, '0px');
     styled.aClass = 'computed';
@@ -218,10 +250,11 @@ subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATEN
 
       test('styles shimmed in registration order', function() {
         var s$ = document.head.querySelectorAll('style[scope]');
-        var expected = ['x-gchild', 'x-child2', 'x-styled', 'x-button', 'x-mixed-case',
-          'x-mixed-case-button', 'x-dynamic-scope', 'x-dynamic-template',
-          'x-dynamic-svg', 'x-specificity', 'x-overriding',
-          'x-overriding-0', 'x-specificity-parent-0', 'x-specificity-nested-0'];
+        var expected = ['x-keyframes', 'x-keyframes-1', 'x-keyframes-0', 'x-gchild', 'x-child2',
+          'x-styled', 'x-button', 'x-mixed-case', 'x-mixed-case-button',
+          'x-dynamic-scope', 'x-dynamic-template', 'x-dynamic-svg',
+          'x-specificity', 'x-overriding', 'x-overriding-0',
+          'x-specificity-parent-0', 'x-specificity-nested-0'];
         var actual = [];
         for (var i=0; i<s$.length; i++) {
           actual.push(s$[i].getAttribute('scope'));