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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Importing MYM Files</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Managing Your Money --&gt; GnuCash</h1>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
I have finally put the Perl script that allowed me to use GnuCash
up on a web site. I had a couple years of data in Managing Your
Money 2.x that I didn't want to reenter. The script will output a
single QIF file with all transactions, accounts, and categories.
(Currently only non-investment transactions are handled.) The QIF
file can be imported to xacc-1.0.18 if a small patch is applied to
QIFIO.c. The site is
<title>Importing MYM Files</title>
</head>
<p> <a href="http://www-cad.eecs.berkeley.edu/~gooch/mymdump.html">
MyMdump</a></p>
<body>
<h1>Managing Your Money --&gt; GnuCash</h1>
I have finally put the Perl script that allowed me to use
GnuCash up on a web site. I had a couple years of data in
Managing Your Money 2.x that I didn't want to reenter. The
script will output a single QIF file with all transactions,
accounts, and categories. (Currently only non-investment
transactions are handled.) The QIF file can be imported to
xacc-1.0.18 if a small patch is applied to QIFIO.c. The site is
<h1>Duplicate Transactions</h1>
<p><a href=
"http://www-cad.eecs.berkeley.edu/~gooch/mymdump.html">
MyMdump</a></p>
I also have a script that I use to remove duplicate transactions at
the QIF level. I use this script because Xacc is very strict about
duplicates (which is good) and because editing imported
transactions will cause a re-import of the same transactions to
produce duplicates. (I download the same month's transactions from
my bank several times each month, so each downloaded QIF
file--after the first--contains transactions I have already
imported. I don't want to rely on the bank sending me the
transactions in the same order or with the same formatting.) The
site is
<h1>Duplicate Transactions</h1>
I also have a script that I use to remove duplicate
transactions at the QIF level. I use this script because Xacc
is very strict about duplicates (which is good) and because
editing imported transactions will cause a re-import of the
same transactions to produce duplicates. (I download the same
month's transactions from my bank several times each month, so
each downloaded QIF file--after the first--contains
transactions I have already imported. I don't want to rely on
the bank sending me the transactions in the same order or with
the same formatting.) The site is
<p> <a href="http://www-cad.eecs.berkeley.edu/~gooch/qifuniq.html">
qifuniq</a></p>
<p><a href=
"http://www-cad.eecs.berkeley.edu/~gooch/qifuniq.html">
qifuniq</a></p>
<p> I hope others find these scripts useful.</p>
<p>I hope others find these scripts useful.</p>
<p>Ken Yamaguchi October 1998</p>
</body>
<p>Ken Yamaguchi October 1998</p>
</body>
</html>

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<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>About GnuCash</title>
@ -11,11 +12,11 @@
<body>
<h1>About GnuCash</h1>
<p> GnuCash is a program to keep track of your finances. Its
<p>GnuCash is a program to keep track of your finances. Its
features include:</p>
<ul>
<li><b> Multiple accounts,</b> which can be open at the same
<li><b>Multiple accounts,</b> which can be open at the same
time. Create an GnuCash account for each of your bank
accounts.</li>
@ -26,15 +27,15 @@
<li>
<b>A simple user interface.</b>
<p> If you can use the register in the back of your
<p>If you can use the register in the back of your
checkbook, you can use <tt>GnuCash.</tt></p>
</li>
<li>
<b> <a href="xacc-recnwin.html"> Automated Tools for
<b><a href="xacc-recnwin.html">Automated Tools for
Reconciling Accounts.</a></b>
<p>At the end of the month, open up the <b> reconcile</b>
<p>At the end of the month, open up the <b>reconcile</b>
window, enter the ending balance from your bank statement,
and check off the transactions that appear in the bank
statement. This agrees what you have recorded in GnuCash
@ -43,10 +44,10 @@
</li>
<li>
<b> QuickFill.</b>
<b>QuickFill.</b>
<p> If you begin typing in the description field, and the
text matches a previous transaction, hitting <tt> TAB</tt>
<p>If you begin typing in the description field, and the
text matches a previous transaction, hitting <tt>TAB</tt>
will copy in that previous transaction. This is a handy
time saver if you regularly create similar
transactions.</p>
@ -55,20 +56,20 @@
<li>
<b>Stock/Mutual Fund Portfolios.</b>
<p> Track stocks individually (one per account) or in
<p>Track stocks individually (one per account) or in
portfolio of accounts (a group of accounts that can be
displayed together).</p>
<p> There are tools to <a href="xacc-ticker.html">
<p>There are tools to <a href="xacc-ticker.html">
automatically collect stock quotes.</a></p>
</li>
<li>
Support for <b> <a href="xacc-currency.html"> multiple
currencies</a></b> and <b> currency trading accounts.</b>
Support for <b><a href="xacc-currency.html">multiple
currencies</a></b> and <b>currency trading accounts.</b>
(partial, still broken).
<p> Bank accounts may be established in different
<p>Bank accounts may be established in different
currencies, and trades at varying exchange rates may be
made, in much the same way stocks trade at varying
prices.</p>
@ -78,34 +79,35 @@
<b><a href="xacc-quicken.html#QIF">Quicken File
Import</a>.</b>
<p> Imports Quicken-style QIF files.</p>
<p>Imports Quicken-style QIF files.</p>
</li>
<li><b> <a href="xacc-reports.html">Reports</a>.</b> Display
or output as HTML Balance, Transaction, and Profit/Loss reports,
as well as graphical account balance tracking (requires gnuplot).</li>
<li><b><a href="xacc-reports.html">Reports</a>.</b> Display
or output as HTML Balance, Transaction, and Profit/Loss
reports, as well as graphical account balance tracking
(requires gnuplot).</li>
</ul>
<h2>Advanced Features</h2>
<p> GnuCash offers some features not found in simpler
accounting programs.</p>
<p>GnuCash offers some features not found in simpler accounting
programs.</p>
<ul>
<li>
<b> <a href="xacc-groups.html"> Account Hierarchy</a></b>
<b><a href="xacc-groups.html">Account Hierarchy</a></b>
<p>A master account can have a hierarchy of more detailed
accounts arranged underneath it. This allows related
account types (<em>e.g.</em> - Cash, Bank, Stock) to be
grouped under one master account (<em> e.g.</em> -
grouped under one master account ( <em>e.g.</em> -
Assets).</p>
</li>
<li>
<b> <a href="xacc-double.html">Double Entry</a></b>
<b><a href="xacc-double.html">Double Entry</a></b>
<p>Every transaction involves two accounts, and <em> each
<p>Every transaction involves two accounts, and <em>each
transaction</em> is required to balance. This provides
assurance that the overall set of books will add up
correctly, and prevents out-of-balance errors
@ -113,63 +115,63 @@
</li>
<li>
<b> <a href="xacc-expense.html"> Income/Expense Account
<b><a href="xacc-expense.html">Income/Expense Account
Types</a></b>
<p> Intuit's <a href="xacc-quicken.html"> Quicken</a>
product has what they call "categories" that are used to
track incomes and expenses. These may be used to create
<p>Intuit's <a href="xacc-quicken.html">Quicken</a> product
has what they call "categories" that are used to track
incomes and expenses. These may be used to create
Profit/Loss reports.</p>
</li>
<li>
<b> General Ledger</b>
<b>General Ledger</b>
<p> Multiple accounts may be displayed in one register
<p>Multiple accounts may be displayed in one register
window at the same time. This can make it easier to track
down data errors. It also provides a convenient way of
viewing a portfolio of many stocks, by showing all
transactions in that portfolio.</p>
</li>
<li><b> Handling of <a href="xacc-currency.html"> multiple
<li><b>Handling of <a href="xacc-currency.html">multiple
currencies</a></b></li>
</ul>
<h2>Versioning</h2>
<p> The versioning scheme for GnuCash parallels that of the
<p>The versioning scheme for GnuCash parallels that of the
Linux kernel, where "even" sub-versions indicate versions that
are intended to be stable, only seeing maintenance to fix bugs,
and "odd" sub-versions indicate an "experimental" stream that
seeks to add enhancement.</p>
<p> The present "experimental" stream is gnucash-1.3.x, which
is somewhat unstable.</p>
<p>The present "experimental" stream is gnucash-1.3.x, which is
somewhat unstable.</p>
<p> The latest stable release is 1.2.x; if you don't intend to
<p>The latest stable release is 1.2.x; if you don't intend to
do development work, you should be using either this version,
or an older 1.0.x version. These versions are fairly stable,
with all currently known bugs fixed.</p>
<p> Once the 1.3.x series stabilizes, the next stable series
<p>Once the 1.3.x series stabilizes, the next stable series
will be 1.4.x, and experimentation will likely continue on
1.5.x.</p>
<p> If you wish to "hack" on the experimental version, you
<p>If you wish to "hack" on the experimental version, you
should first start by reading through the <a href=
"projects.html"> GnuCash Project Goals</a> document in order to
"projects.html">GnuCash Project Goals</a> document in order to
get some perspective on the overall design.</p>
<h2>Lead Developers</h2>
<dl>
<dt> <a href="mailto:rclark@hmc.edu"> Robin Clark</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:rclark@hmc.edu">Robin Clark</a></dt>
<dd>wrote the original X-Accountant in Motif as a school
project, taking it to version 0.9 by October 1997.</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:linas@linas.org"> Linas Vepstas</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:linas@linas.org">Linas Vepstas</a></dt>
<dd>liked what he saw: the GUI was slick, the code was
documented and well structured, and it was all GPL'ed. And so
@ -183,7 +185,7 @@
code completely redesigned and made mostly Motif-(and
GUI-)independent. Did some prototype OFX work.</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:jcollins@gnucash.org"> Jeremy
<dt><a href="mailto:jcollins@gnucash.org">Jeremy
Collins</a></dt>
<dd>publicized the GnoMoney project widely and broadly, and
@ -191,335 +193,343 @@
gnucash.org web site, registered the domain, got the initial
GTK/gnome code working.</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:rlb@cs.utexas.edu"> Rob
Browning</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:rlb@cs.utexas.edu">Rob Browning</a></dt>
<dd>abused everyone for not using perl, and then after we added
perl support, dumped perl in favor of
guile/scheme support. Rob maintains the build infrastructure,
is handling the whole guile/perl extension language thing,
and is dealing with configuration and configurability.</dd>
<dd>abused everyone for not using perl, and then after we
added perl support, dumped perl in favor of guile/scheme
support. Rob maintains the build infrastructure, is handling
the whole guile/perl extension language thing, and is dealing
with configuration and configurability.</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:peticola@cs.ucdavis.edu"> Dave
<dt><a href="mailto:peticola@cs.ucdavis.edu">Dave
Peticolas</a></dt>
<dd>hacks obsessively on GnuCash. But he can stop anytime he
wants to. Really.</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:grib@billgribble.com"> Bill Gribble
</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:grib@billgribble.com">Bill
Gribble</a></dt>
<dd>works magic. If your checks print wrong, blame him.
If you don't like the amount printed on your checks, blame him.
<dd>works magic. If your checks print wrong, blame him. If
you don't like the amount printed on your checks, blame him.
If you don't like your your bank balances, your bank, or your
life, blame him too.
</dd>
life, blame him too.</dd>
</dl>
<h2>Fixers and Patchers</h2>
<p> The <em> cast of thousands</em> includes:</p>
<p>The <em>cast of thousands</em> includes:</p>
<dl>
<dt> <a href="mailto:arensb@cfar.umd.edu"> Andrew
<dt><a href="mailto:arensb@cfar.umd.edu">Andrew
Arensburger</a></dt>
<dd>for FreeBSD and other patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:matt_armstrong@bigfoot.com"> Matt
<dt><a href="mailto:matt_armstrong@bigfoot.com">Matt
Armstrong</a></dt>
<dd>for misc fixes</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:fred@moremagic.com"> Fred Baube</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:fred@moremagic.com">Fred Baube</a></dt>
<dd>for attempted Java port/MoneyDance</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:dennisb@cs.chalmers.se"> Dennis
Björklund</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:dennisb@cs.chalmers.se">Dennis
Bj&ouml;rklund</a></dt>
<dd>Swedish translation</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:bojsen@worldnet.att.net"> Per Bojsen</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:bojsen@worldnet.att.net">Per
Bojsen</a></dt>
<dd>several core dump fixes</dd>
<dt> <a href="simon.britnell@peace.com"> Simon Britnell</a></dt>
<dt><a href="simon.britnell@peace.com">Simon
Britnell</a></dt>
<dd>patch to RPM spec</dd>
<dt> <a href="http://www.hex.net/~cbbrowne"> Christopher B.
<dt><a href="http://www.hex.net/~cbbrowne">Christopher B.
Browne</a></dt>
<dd>for perl stock scripts, Guile-based QIF import code, lots
of changes to English documentation, and lots of guile code</dd>
of changes to English documentation, and lots of guile
code</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:grahamc@zeta.org.au"> Graham
<dt><a href="mailto:grahamc@zeta.org.au">Graham
Chapman</a></dt>
<dd>for the xacc-rpts addon package</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:georgec@sco.com"> George Chen</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:georgec@sco.com">George Chen</a></dt>
<dd>for MS-Money QIF support</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailtochina@thewrittenword.com">Albert
<dt><a href="mailtochina@thewrittenword.com">Albert
Chin-A-Young</a></dt>
<dd>configure.in patch</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:jcollins@gnucash.org"> Jeremey
<dt><a href="mailto:jcollins@gnucash.org">Jeremey
Collins</a></dt>
<dd>for GnoMoney and GTK port</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:mcondell@bbn.com"> Matthew Condell</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:mcondell@bbn.com">Matthew
Condell</a></dt>
<dd>FreeBSD patch</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:pcondon@rackspace.com"> Patrick
<dt><a href="mailto:pcondon@rackspace.com">Patrick
Condron</a></dt>
<dd>for webserver and T1 connection.</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:Ciaran.Deignan@bull.net"> Ciaran
<dt><a href="mailto:Ciaran.Deignan@bull.net">Ciaran
Deignan</a></dt>
<dd>for AIX binary version</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:tyson@tyse.net"> Tyson Dowd</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:tyson@tyse.net">Tyson Dowd</a></dt>
<dd>for config/make patches and debian maintenance</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:ripley@xs4all.nl"> Koen D'Hondt</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:ripley@xs4all.nl">Koen D'Hondt</a></dt>
<dd>for Solaris patches to XmHTML</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:bob@mostly.com"> Bob Drzyzgula</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:bob@mostly.com">Bob Drzyzgula</a></dt>
<dd>for budgeting design notes</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:pjf@schools.net.au"> Paul Fenwick</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:pjf@schools.net.au">Paul Fenwick</a></dt>
<dd>ASX support</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:hfiguiere@teaser.fr"> Hubert Figuiere</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:hfiguiere@teaser.fr">Hubert
Figuiere</a></dt>
<dd>patch to gnc-prices</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:ju_finck@mail.netwave.de"> Jan-Uwe
<dt><a href="mailto:ju_finck@mail.netwave.de">Jan-Uwe
Finck</a></dt>
<dd>for German message translation</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:rjf@aracnet.com"> Ron Forrester</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:rjf@aracnet.com">Ron Forrester</a></dt>
<dd>for gnome patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:DFreese@osc.uscg.mil"> Dave
<dt><a href="mailto:DFreese@osc.uscg.mil">Dave
Freese</a></dt>
<dd>for leap-year fix</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:grib@billgribble.com"> Bill Gribble</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:grib@billgribble.com">Bill
Gribble</a></dt>
<dd>qif importation code</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:otto@bug.redhat.com"> Otto
<dt><a href="mailto:otto@bug.redhat.com">Otto
Hammersmith</a></dt>
<dd>for RedHat RPM packaging</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:offby1@blarg.net"> Eric Hanchrow</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:offby1@blarg.net">Eric Hanchrow</a></dt>
<dd>updated currency documentation</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:haral@codec.ro"> Alexandru
<dt><a href="mailto:haral@codec.ro">Alexandru
Harsanyi</a></dt>
<dd>for fixing miscellaneous core dumps and lockups.</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:john@dhh.gt.org"> John Hasler</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:john@dhh.gt.org">John Hasler</a></dt>
<dd>engine patch</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:jk@isdn-a33.itea.ntnu.no"> Jon K}re
<dt><a href="mailto:jk@isdn-a33.itea.ntnu.no">Jon K}re
Hellan</a></dt>
<dd>for fixing miscellaneous core dumps and lockups.</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:PrakashK@bigfoot.com"> Prakash
<dt><a href="mailto:PrakashK@bigfoot.com">Prakash
Kailasa</a></dt>
<dd>for gnome build fixes</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:tkludy@csd.sgi.com"> Tom Kludy</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:tkludy@csd.sgi.com">Tom Kludy</a></dt>
<dd>for SGI Irix port</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:sk@xgm.de"> Sven Kuenzler</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:sk@xgm.de">Sven Kuenzler</a></dt>
<dd>for SuSE README file</dd>
<dt><a href="mailto:blarsen@ada-works.com"> Bryan Larsen</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:blarsen@ada-works.com">Bryan
Larsen</a></dt>
<dd>guile budget report</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:mellon@andare.fugue.com"> Ted
<dt><a href="mailto:mellon@andare.fugue.com">Ted
Lemon</a></dt>
<dd>for NetBSD port</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:y-le-ny@ifrance.com"> Yannick Le
<dt><a href="mailto:y-le-ny@ifrance.com">Yannick Le
Ny</a></dt>
<dd>pour la traduction en Fran&ccedil;ais</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:glikely@nortelnetworks.com"> Grant
<dt><a href="mailto:glikely@nortelnetworks.com">Grant
Likely</a></dt>
<dd>gnome and engine patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:martinh@pegasus.cc.ucf.edu"> Heath
<dt><a href="mailto:martinh@pegasus.cc.ucf.edu">Heath
Martin</a></dt>
<dd>major work on the gnome register</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:mgmartin@abacusnet.net"> Matt
<dt><a href="mailto:mgmartin@abacusnet.net">Matt
Martin</a></dt>
<dd>guile error handling code</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:rgmerk@mira.net"> Robert Graham
<dt><a href="mailto:rgmerk@mira.net">Robert Graham
Merkel</a></dt>
<dd>reporting, gnome, and configuration patches.</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:mooney@dogbert.cc.ndsu.NoDak.edu"> Tim
<dt><a href="mailto:mooney@dogbert.cc.ndsu.NoDak.edu">Tim
Mooney</a></dt>
<dd>port to alpha-dec-osf4.0f</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:gam3@ann.softgams.com"> G. Allen Morris
<dt><a href="mailto:gam3@ann.softgams.com">G. Allen Morris
III</a></dt>
<dd>for QIF core dump fix</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:brent@baton.phys.lsu.edu"> Brent Neal</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:brent@baton.phys.lsu.edu">Brent
Neal</a></dt>
<dd>TIAA-CREF support.</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:spacey@inch.com"> Peter Norton</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:spacey@inch.com">Peter Norton</a></dt>
<dd>for a valiant attempt at a GTK port</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:webmaster@obsidian.uia.net">
<dt><a href="mailto:webmaster@obsidian.uia.net">
OmNiBuS</a></dt>
<dd>web site graphics and content</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:mopyr@IPM.Lviv.UA"> Myroslav
Opyr</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:mopyr@IPM.Lviv.UA">Myroslav Opyr</a></dt>
<dd>for misc patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:laurent.pelecq@wanadoo.fr"> Laurent
<dt><a href="mailto:laurent.pelecq@wanadoo.fr">Laurent
P{'e}lecq</a></dt>
<dd>i18n patches with gettext</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:Alain.Peyrat@nmu.alcatel.fr"> Alain
<dt><a href="mailto:Alain.Peyrat@nmu.alcatel.fr">Alain
Peyrat</a></dt>
<dd>for <tt>configure.in</tt> patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:peter@wuzel.m.isar.de"> Peter
<dt><a href="mailto:peter@wuzel.m.isar.de">Peter
Pointner</a></dt>
<dd>motif and configuration patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:maufk@csv.warwick.ac.uk"> Gavin
<dt><a href="mailto:maufk@csv.warwick.ac.uk">Gavin
Porter</a></dt>
<dd>for euro style dates</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:tpo@spin.ch"> Tomas Pospisek</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:tpo@spin.ch">Tomas Pospisek</a></dt>
<dd>debian patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:rr@sco.com"> Ron Record</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:rr@sco.com">Ron Record</a></dt>
<dd>for SCO Unixware and OpenServer binaries</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:Keith.Refson@earth.ox.ac.uk"> Keith Refson</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:Keith.Refson@earth.ox.ac.uk">Keith
Refson</a></dt>
<dd>Solaris fixes</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:schoenberger@signsoft.com"> Dirk
<dt><a href="mailto:schoenberger@signsoft.com">Dirk
Schoenberger</a></dt>
<dd>began the Qt/KDE port</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:jan.schrage@urz.uni-heidelberg.de"> Jan
<dt><a href="mailto:jan.schrage@urz.uni-heidelberg.de">Jan
Schrage</a></dt>
<dd>documentation patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:cls@seawood.org"> Christopher
<dt><a href="mailto:cls@seawood.org">Christopher
Seawood</a></dt>
<dd>for XbaeMatrix core dump</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:msimons@fsimons01.erols.com"> Mike
<dt><a href="mailto:msimons@fsimons01.erols.com">Mike
Simons</a></dt>
<dd>misc <tt> configure.in</tt> patches</dd>
<dd>misc <tt>configure.in</tt> patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:rich@brake.demon.co.uk"> Richard
<dt><a href="mailto:rich@brake.demon.co.uk">Richard
Skelton</a></dt>
<dd>for Solaris cleanup</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:spruth@bigfoot.com"> Henning
<dt><a href="mailto:spruth@bigfoot.com">Henning
Spruth</a></dt>
<dd>for German text and euro date rework</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:robby.stephenson@usa.net"> Robby
<dt><a href="mailto:robby.stephenson@usa.net">Robby
Stephenson</a></dt>
<dd>register & file history patches</dd>
<dd>register &amp; file history patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:tma@iis.fhg.de"> Herbert Thoma</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:tma@iis.fhg.de">Herbert Thoma</a></dt>
<dd>gnome register & euro support patches</dd>
<dd>gnome register &amp; euro support patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:detrout@earthlink.net"> Diane
<dt><a href="mailto:detrout@earthlink.net">Diane
Trout</a></dt>
<dd>scheme qif import patch</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:rkw@dataplex.net"> Richard Wackerbarth</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:rkw@dataplex.net">Richard
Wackerbarth</a></dt>
<dd>patch to gnc-prices</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:rob@valinux.com"> Rob Walker</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:rob@valinux.com">Rob Walker</a></dt>
<dd>guile and register patches</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org"> David Woodhouse</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:dwmw2@infradead.org">David
Woodhouse</a></dt>
<dd>Great Britain translations</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:gooch@ic.EECS.Berkeley.EDU"> Ken
<dt><a href="mailto:gooch@ic.EECS.Berkeley.EDU">Ken
Yamaguchi</a></dt>
<dd>QIF import fixes; MYM import</dd>
<dt> <a href="mailto:shimpei@gol.com"> Shimpei Yamashita</a></dt>
<dt><a href="mailto:shimpei@gol.com">Shimpei
Yamashita</a></dt>
<dd>Japanese translation</dd>
</dl>
<h2>Supported Operating Systems</h2>
@ -544,15 +554,15 @@
<li>NetBSD -- Intel</li>
</ul>
<p> <a href="http://www.gnucash.org/"> <img src=
<p><a href="http://www.gnucash.org/"><img src=
"logos/linux.gif"></a> <a href="http://www.sco.com/skunkware">
<img src="logos/skunkware.gif"></a> <a href=
"http://www.bull.de/pub/"><img src="logos/bullogogross.gif">
<a href="http://www.ibm.com"> <img src="logos/ibm.gif"></a>
<a href="http://www.sgi.com"> <img src="logos/sgi.gif"></a>
<a href="http://www.debian.org"> <img src="logos/debian.jpg"></a>
<a href="http://www.netbsd.org"> <img src= "logos/NetBSD-banner.gif">
</p>
<img src="logos/skunkware.gif"></a> <a href=
"http://www.bull.de/pub/"><img src="logos/bullogogross.gif"> <a
href="http://www.ibm.com"><img src="logos/ibm.gif"></a> <a
href="http://www.sgi.com"><img src="logos/sgi.gif"></a> <a
href="http://www.debian.org"><img src="logos/debian.jpg"></a>
<a href="http://www.netbsd.org"><img src=
"logos/NetBSD-banner.gif"></a></a></p>
<h2>History</h2>
The table below shows some historical lines-of-code and
@ -562,7 +572,7 @@
<table border="1">
<caption>
Historical Development Stats
Historical Development Stats
</caption>
<tr align="center">
@ -607,7 +617,8 @@
<td>5 files<br>
(0.4)</td>
<td>1 file<br>(0.1)</td>
<td>1 file<br>
(0.1)</td>
<td>40 files<br>
(8.8)</td>
@ -633,7 +644,8 @@
<td>9 files<br>
(0.8)</td>
<td>1 file<br>(0.1)</td>
<td>1 file<br>
(0.1)</td>
<td>61 files<br>
(16.2)</td>
@ -659,7 +671,8 @@
<td>12 files<br>
(1.4)</td>
<td>4 files<br>(0.3)</td>
<td>4 files<br>
(0.3)</td>
<td>68 files<br>
(18.3)</td>
@ -697,55 +710,102 @@
(34.7)</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>gnucash-1.2.2<br>Aug 99
<td>41 files<br>(10.2+3.6)
<td>28 files<br>(5.5+1.7)
<td>14 files<br>(2.4+0.6)
<td>26 files<br>(8.7+0.5)
<td> -
<td>14 files<br>(1.4)
<td>30 files<br>(2.6)
<td>15 files<br>(1.8)
<td>168 files<br>(39.0)
<tr align="center">
<td>gnucash-1.2.2<br>
Aug 99</td>
<tr align=center>
<td>gnucash-1.3.6<br>April 2000
<td>41 files<br>(12.9+4.0)
<td>32 files<br>(6.8+2.1)
<td>19 files<br>(4.0+0.8)
<td> -
<td>78 files<br>(32.2+3.0)
<td>74 files<br>(17.0)
<td>33 files<br>(7.8)
<td>25 files<br>(4.5)
<td>302 files<br>(95.1)
<td>41 files<br>
(10.2+3.6)</td>
<td>28 files<br>
(5.5+1.7)</td>
<td>14 files<br>
(2.4+0.6)</td>
<td>26 files<br>
(8.7+0.5)</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>14 files<br>
(1.4)</td>
<td>30 files<br>
(2.6)</td>
<td>15 files<br>
(1.8)</td>
<td>168 files<br>
(39.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr align="center">
<td>gnucash-1.3.6<br>
April 2000</td>
<td>41 files<br>
(12.9+4.0)</td>
<td>32 files<br>
(6.8+2.1)</td>
<td>19 files<br>
(4.0+0.8)</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>78 files<br>
(32.2+3.0)</td>
<td>74 files<br>
(17.0)</td>
<td>33 files<br>
(7.8)</td>
<td>25 files<br>
(4.5)</td>
<td>302 files<br>
(95.1)</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p> Each cell displays the following:<br>
<p>Each cell displays the following:<br>
<br>
number of *c and *.h files<br>
(KLOCS in *.c + KLOCS in *.h)</p>
(unless its the scheme directories, in which case its *scm files, etc)
(unless its the scheme directories, in which case its *scm
files, etc)
<p> where KLOC == kilo-lines-of-code, as reported by <tt>
<p>where KLOC == kilo-lines-of-code, as reported by <tt>
wc</tt>.</p>
<p>
<ul>
<li>engine -- contents of the src/engine and the include directories
<li>register -- contents of the register directory
<li>ledger -- *.c, *.h files in the src directory only
<li>motif -- contents of src/motif directory
<li>gnome -- src/gnome plus src/register/gnome
<li>scheme -- scheme and guile code -- src/scm plus src/guile
<li>docs -- english-only html docs (user documentation)
<li>txt -- internal README and *.txt documentation files in all subdirs
</ul>
<ul>
<li>engine -- contents of the src/engine and the include
directories</li>
<li>register -- contents of the register directory</li>
<li>ledger -- *.c, *.h files in the src directory only</li>
<li>motif -- contents of src/motif directory</li>
<li>gnome -- src/gnome plus src/register/gnome</li>
<li>scheme -- scheme and guile code -- src/scm plus
src/guile</li>
<li>docs -- english-only html docs (user documentation)</li>
<li>txt -- internal README and *.txt documentation files in
all subdirs</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

40
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View File

@ -1,30 +1,38 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<title>Editing Account Parameters</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Editing Account Parameters</h1>
<h1>Editing Account Parameters</h1>
<p>The "Edit Account" dialog box lets you change the properties of
an account. You can access this via the "edit" button of the main
window toolbar, the "Accounts" menu, or via the keyboard
shortcuts. For a description of the uses of the various
properties, see the information about <a
href="xacc-accwin.html">new accounts</a>.</p>
<p>The "Edit Account" dialog box lets you change the properties
of an account. You can access this via the "edit" button of the
main window toolbar, the "Accounts" menu, or via the keyboard
shortcuts. For a description of the uses of the various
properties, see the information about <a href=
"xacc-accwin.html">new accounts</a>.</p>
<p><b>Account information</b> can be changed by typing in the appropriate
field. The account type cannot be changed.</p>
<p>A new <b>Parent Account</b> can be selected. Only those accounts that
can legally become the parent of the present account are shown.</p>
<p>The source for <b>Stock Quotes</b> can be selected. See
<a href="xacc-ticker.html">the ticker</a> for more information.</p>
<p><b>Notes</b> about the account can be edited.</p>
<p><b>Account information</b> can be changed by typing in the
appropriate field. The account type cannot be changed.</p>
<p>A new <b>Parent Account</b> can be selected. Only those
accounts that can legally become the parent of the present
account are shown.</p>
<hr><p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>The source for <b>Stock Quotes</b> can be selected. See <a
href="xacc-ticker.html">the ticker</a> for more
information.</p>
<p><b>Notes</b> about the account can be edited.</p>
<hr>
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

38
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View File

@ -11,9 +11,11 @@
<body>
<h1>Account Types</h1>
GnuCash supports a number of different account types. You should always
choose the type that is appropriate for what you want to record. If
you're not sure, the explanations below should help you decide.
<P> GnuCash supports a number of different account types. You should
always choose the type that is appropriate for what you want to
record. If you're not sure, the explanations below should help you
decide.
<dl>
<dt><b>Cash</b></dt>
@ -27,7 +29,7 @@ you're not sure, the explanations below should help you decide.
<dd>The <b>Bank</b> account type denotes a savings or
checking account held at a bank or other financial
institution.
Such accounts sometimes bear interest.
<dd> Such accounts sometimes bear interest.
<dt><b>Credit</b></dt>
@ -37,7 +39,6 @@ you're not sure, the explanations below should help you decide.
American Express that do <em> not</em> permit you to maintain
continuing balances.</dd>
<p>
<dd>The introduction of <a href=
"http://www.visa.com/pd/debit/checkcard.html"> Check
Cards</a> where payments are withdrawn directly from a
@ -47,6 +48,9 @@ you're not sure, the explanations below should help you decide.
such an account, not really involving any granting of
credit.</dd>
<DD> Note the ambiguity of AMEX and Check Cards. This shows that
deciding where to put accounts is not an exact science.
<dt><b>Asset, Liability</b></dt>
<dd><b>Asset</b> and <b>Liability</b> accounts are used for
@ -121,12 +125,12 @@ you're not sure, the explanations below should help you decide.
<dd><b> Income</b> and <b>Expense</b> account types are used to
record income and expenses.
For example, if you deposit a paycheck in your bank account, you
<DD> For example, if you deposit a paycheck in your bank account, you
should mark it as a transfer from an 'income' account type.
Marking income in this way helps balance the books: the change in your
<dd> Marking income in this way helps balance the books: the change in your
net worth in the course of a few ekks, a few months, or a year, should
exactly equal your income (minus expenses) for the same period.
The value stored in the bank account contributes to your 'net worth';
<DD> The value stored in the bank account contributes to your 'net worth';
whereas the income contributes to your 'profits'.
</dd>
@ -135,15 +139,23 @@ whereas the income contributes to your 'profits'.
<dd><b>Equity</b> accounts are used to
store the opening balances when you first start using GnuCash
(or start a new accounting period). Assuming that you've had a bank
(or start a new accounting period).
<dd>Assuming that you've had a bank
account far longer than you've been using GnuCash, and assuming you
don't want to type in old transactions, you will want to type in a
non-zero 'opening balance' into your bank account. This opening balance
non-zero <b> opening balance </b> into your bank account. This opening balance
should be marked as a transfer from an account of type 'equity'.
Alternately, if you close and reopen all your books at the end of every
<DD> Alternately, if you close and reopen all your books at the end of every
quarter/year, the 'equity' will be your net-worth at the begining of the
period: it equal all assets minus all liabilities. As time passes by,
you will have both income and expenses. At the end of the year, your net
period: it equal all assets minus all liabilities.
<DD> As time goes by,
you will have both income and expenses.
<DD At the end of the year, your net
worth will be the equity at the begining of the year, plus all income
minus all expense. This value will become, of course, the equity for
the next accounting period.

32
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View File

@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>New Account Window</title>
@ -12,26 +14,26 @@
<body>
<h1>New Account Window</h1>
<p> This is what a new account window looks like:</p>
<p>This is what a new account window looks like:</p>
<p> <img src="newaccwin-code.gif"></p>
<p><img src="newaccwin-code.gif"></p>
<p> Pick an <a href="xacc-acctypes.html"><b>Account
<p>Pick an <a href="xacc-acctypes.html"><b>Account
Type</b></a>.</p>
<p> The <b>Currency</b> field should typically be a <a href=
"xacc-currency.html#ISOCURR"> three-letter ISO currency code</a>
(<em>e.g.</em> - <tt> USD</tt> for U.S. Dollars). The <b>
Account Code</b> is a number that determines the <a href=
"xacc-groups.html#SORTORDER"> sort order</a> of the account
when it appears in a report or in the <a href=
"xacc-groups.html"><b>Chart of Accounts</b></a>.</p>
<p>The <b>Currency</b> field should typically be a <a href=
"xacc-currency.html#ISOCURR">three-letter ISO currency code</a>
(<em>e.g.</em> - <tt>USD</tt> for U.S. Dollars). The <b>Account
Code</b> is a number that determines the <a href=
"xacc-groups.html#SORTORDER">sort order</a> of the account when
it appears in a report or in the <a href="xacc-groups.html"><b>
Chart of Accounts</b></a>.</p>
<p> The picture below shows an example for a stock or currency
<p>The picture below shows an example for a stock or currency
trading account. Note that the Security field is not grayed
out, and that you can enter a value. That value is typically a
<a href="xacc-ticker.html"> stock-ticker</a> symbol, or a <a
href="xacc-currency.html#ISOCURR"> three-letter ISO currency
<a href="xacc-ticker.html">stock-ticker</a> symbol, or a <a
href="xacc-currency.html#ISOCURR">three-letter ISO currency
code.</a></p>
<p><br>
@ -39,7 +41,7 @@
</p>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

8
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View File

@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Adjust Balance Window</title>
@ -15,10 +17,10 @@
dollar amount, and a register entry will be created that sets
the balance to the new balance.
<p> <b> Add more documentation here.</b></p>
<p><b>Add more documentation here.</b></p>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

127
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@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Accounts Payable/Accounts Receivable</title>
@ -11,46 +12,49 @@
<body>
<h1>Accounts Payable and Accounts Receivable</h1>
<p> A/R (Accounts Receivable) and A/P (Accounts Payable) are
advanced concepts that are used by businesses to record sales for which
they are not paid right away, or to record bills that they've received,
but might not pay until a little while later. These types of accounts
primarily when you've got a lot of bills and receipts flowing in and
out, and don't want to loose track of them just because you don't
pay/get paid right away. For almost all home users, A/R and A/P
are too complicated and confusing to be worth the effort.
<p>A/R (Accounts Receivable) and A/P (Accounts Payable) are
advanced concepts that are used by businesses to record sales
for which they are not paid right away, or to record bills that
they have received, but might not pay until a little while
later.</p>
</p>
<p>These types of accounts are used primarily when you've got a
lot of bills and receipts flowing in and out, and don't want to
loose track of them just because you don't pay/get paid right
away.</p>
<h1> Accounts Receivable</h1>
<p>For almost all home users, A/R and A/P are too complicated
and confusing to be worth the effort.</p>
<p> First, let us examine A/R. After all, we really shouldn't
<h1>Accounts Receivable</h1>
<p>First, let us examine A/R. After all, we really shouldn't
really <em>need</em> to relate to A/P because we always pay
<em>our</em> bills on time, don't we ? :-)</p>
<p> As a first approximation, let us assume we don't require
customers to pay <em> instantly,</em> in cash, but rather issue
<p>As a first approximation, let us assume we don't require
customers to pay <em>instantly,</em> in cash, but rather issue
them an invoice, and give them 30 days to pay the bills. (After
30 days, we can start charging interest and sending out
harassing letters :-)).</p>
<p> When we make a sale, the two accounts affected are <b>
<p>When we make a sale, the two accounts affected are <b>
Sales</b> (an income account) and <b>Accounts Receivable.</b>
Accounts Receivable is an asset, but it's not "liquid," as you
can't readily sell it, and it's certainly not cash.</p>
<p> Then when they come by to pay their bill, dropping off a
<p>Then when they come by to pay their bill, dropping off a
large sack of twenty-dollar bills (or, more likely, a
check/cheque), we transfer the amount from A/R to Cash.</p>
<p> The reason we do this in two steps is that we have decided
<p>The reason we do this in two steps is that we have decided
we need to do our accounting on an accrual basis and not on a
cash basis, because most of our transactions are not solely
based on cash changing hands, but rather based on <em>
establishing obligations.</em></p>
<p> In more sophisticated operations, there may be a much
larger sequence of documents generated and tracked:</p>
<p>In more sophisticated operations, there may be a much more
complex sequence of documents generated and tracked:</p>
<ul>
<li>A customer sends in a <b>Purchase Order</b>, thus
@ -63,26 +67,31 @@ are too complicated and confusing to be worth the effort.
the customer</li>
<li>Once shipped, we issue an <b>Invoice</b>, representing
the <em> request to pay</em></li>
the <em>request to pay</em></li>
</ul>
<p> We report sales in our sales figures as soon as we make
<p>The fact of there being four documents leads to there being
considerable wads of paper, and having these and other such
processes explains why large organizations tend to have hefty
bureaucracies.</p>
<p>We report sales in our sales figures as soon as we make
them. Unfortunately, we may wind up selling some product to
no-good shady operators that we didn't know were shady, and
thus may get stuck with some "bad debts."</p>
<p> In order to determine which parts of Accounts Receivable
<p>In order to determine which parts of Accounts Receivable
appear to be most at risk, it is typical to arrange AR based on
the "ages" of the debts, commonly segmenting it into several
aging periods, of payments outstanding 0-30 days, those that
outstanding 31-60 days, 61-90 days, and then those that are
<em> way overdue.</em></p>
<em>way overdue.</em></p>
<p> At some point, it may become clear that a customer is never
<p>At some point, it may become clear that a customer is never
going to pay what they owe, and we have to write it off as a
<b> Bad Debt.</b></p>
<b>Bad Debt.</b></p>
<p> At that point, it is typical to record an entry thus:</p>
<p>At that point, it is typical to record an entry thus:</p>
<table summary="BADDEBT">
<tr>
@ -117,82 +126,80 @@ are too complicated and confusing to be worth the effort.
</tr>
</table>
<p> We could have reduced <b> Sales Income</b> instead, but
<p>We could have reduced <b>Sales Income</b> instead, but
companies tend to prefer to specifically track the amount that
they're losing to bad customers.</p>
<p> <em> Warning: <b> Advanced Accounting Concept.</b> Bad Debt
is an example of a "contra-account." That doesn't refer to <b>
<p><em>Warning: <b>Advanced Accounting Concept.</b> Bad Debt is
an example of a "contra-account." That doesn't refer to <b>
amounts paid to Nicaraguan rebels,</b> but rather the notion
that the account is an income account that is expected to hold
a balance opposite to what is normally expected, to be
counteract the balance in another income account. <a href=
"xacc-apprdepr.html#depr"> Accumulated Depreciation,</a> used
to diminish the value of an asset over time, is another example
of a contra-account.</em></p>
counteract the balance in another income account. <a href=
"xacc-apprdepr.html#depr">Accumulated Depreciation,</a> used to
diminish the value of an asset over time, is another example of
a contra-account.</em></p>
<h1> Accounts Payable</h1>
<h1>Accounts Payable</h1>
<p> The scenario for Accounts Receivable, reversed, reflects
how Accounts Payables work; just switch customer with supplier,
and see how the roles reverse.</p>
<p>The scenario for Accounts Receivable, reversed, reflects how
Accounts Payables work; just switch customer with supplier, and
watch the roles reverse.</p>
<ul>
<li>If we buy materials "on account," accrual accounting
requires that we record that we incur the expense
immediately, and rather than reducing cash, we put the
"credit" into the <b> Accounts Payable</b> account.</li>
"credit" into the <b>Accounts Payable</b> account.</li>
<li>Three weeks later, the invoice comes in, and we issue a
payment, and so <em> Debit AP, Credit Cash.</em><br>
payment, and so <em>Debit AP, Credit Cash.</em><br>
<br>
</li>
</ul>
<h1> Prepaid Expenses</h1>
<h1>Prepaid Expenses</h1>
<p> Analogous techniques are also used for expenses that are
<p>Analogous techniques are also used for expenses that are
pre-paid.</p>
<p> If you have to pay out down six months of rent in advance,
<p>If you have to pay out down six months of rent in advance,
that is treated as an "accrued asset."</p>
<ul>
<li>
At the time of payment, you <em> Debit</em> <b> Prepaid
Rent</b> for the amount paid that is a <em> Credit</em> to
<b> Cash.</b>
At the time of payment, you <em>Debit</em> <b>Prepaid
Rent</b> for the amount paid that is a <em>Credit</em> to
<b>Cash.</b>
<p> While this puts an unfortunate dent in the Cash
account, it <em> does</em> show on the books as an asset,
and there are no more payments to make for the next six
months.</p>
<p>While this puts an unfortunate dent in the Cash account,
it <em>does</em> show on the books as an asset, and there
are no more payments to make for the next six months.</p>
</li>
<li>Each month, the balance in <b> Prepaid Rent</b> would be
down via <em> Debit</em> <b> Rent Expense</b>, <em>
Credit</em> <b> Prepaid Rent</b>.</li>
<li>Each month, the balance in <b>Prepaid Rent</b> would be
down via <em>Debit</em> <b>Rent Expense</b>, <em>Credit</em>
<b>Prepaid Rent</b>.</li>
</ul>
<p> Similarly, companies collect payroll taxes on behalf of
<p>Similarly, companies collect payroll taxes on behalf of
employees, and keep them in a special bank account.</p>
<ul>
<li><em> That</em> money is not the company's, so there is a
<em> Debit</em> to the <b>Cash</b> account on one side, and a
<em> Credit</em> to an Accrued Liability, namely, <b>Payroll
<li><em>That</em> money is not the company's, so there is a
<em>Debit</em> to the <b>Cash</b> account on one side, and a
<em>Credit</em> to an Accrued Liability, namely, <b>Payroll
Taxes Payable</b>, on the other side.</li>
<li>When the quarterly check to the Government so that they
can make <em> their</em> payroll, <b> Payroll Taxes
Payable</b> drops as does the balance in the <b>Checking
Account</b>.<br>
can make <em>their</em> payroll, <b>Payroll Taxes Payable</b>
drops as does the balance in the <b>Checking Account</b>.<br>
<br>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
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<html>
<head>
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<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Depreciation and Capital Gains</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1> Depreciation and Capital Gains</h1>
<h1>Depreciation and Capital Gains</h1>
<p> This section provides a treatment of the handling of
<p>This section provides a treatment of the handling of
depreciation and appreciation of assets in GnuCash.</p>
<p> It also provides a brief introduction to the related tax
<p>It also provides a brief introduction to the related tax
issues.</p>
<p> <b> Warning:</b> <em>Be aware that different countries can
have <b> substantially</b> different tax policies for handling
<p><b>Warning:</b> <em>Be aware that different countries can
have <b>substantially</b> different tax policies for handling
these things; all that this document can really provide is some
of the underlying ideas to help you apply your "favorite"
tax/depreciation policies.</em></p>
<p> Note that appreciation and depreciation of assets tend to
be treated somewhat differently:</p>
<p>Note that appreciation and depreciation of assets tend to be
treated somewhat differently:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#depr"> Depreciation</a> is <em> usually</em>
recognized (the technical term is <b> accrued</b>) as an
<a href="#depr">Depreciation</a> is <em>usually</em>
recognized (the technical term is <b>accrued</b>) as an
expense on an ongoing basis, gradually reducing the value
of an asset towards zero.
<p> Depreciation tends to only get calculated on assets
that are used for professional or business purposes, because
governments
don't generally allow you to claim depreciation deductions
on personal assets, and it's pointless to bother with the
procedure if it's not deductible. </p>
<p>Depreciation tends to only get calculated on assets that
are used for professional or business purposes, because
governments don't generally allow you to claim depreciation
deductions on personal assets, and it's pointless to bother
with the procedure if it's not deductible.</p>
</li>
<li>
In contrast, <a href="#appr"> Capital Gains,</a> which
could be called <em>asset value appreciation,</em> are
typically <em> not</em> recognized until some time down the
road when the asset is sold, and at that <em> instant,</em>
the entire gain becomes income.
In contrast, <a href="#appr">Capital Gains,</a> which could
be called <em>asset value appreciation,</em> are typically
<em>not</em> recognized until some time down the road when
the asset is sold, and at that <em>instant,</em> the entire
gain becomes income.
<p> Unlike depreciation, governments tend to be <em> quite
<p>Unlike depreciation, governments tend to be <em>quite
interested</em> in taxing capital gains in one manner or
another.</p>
<p> (As always, there are exceptions. If you hold a bond
<p>(As always, there are exceptions. If you hold a bond
that pays all of its interest at maturity, tax authorities
will often require that you recognize interest each year,
and refuse this to be treated as a capital gain. The
phrases <em>accrued interest,</em> or <em> imputed
phrases <em>accrued interest,</em> or <em>imputed
interest</em> are often there to scare those that are
sensitive to such things...)</p>
</li>
@ -65,30 +65,30 @@
<h1>Capital Gains - Asset Appreciation</h1>
<a name="appr"></a>
<p>Appreciation of assets is, in general, a fairly tricky matter
to deal with. This is so because, for some sorts of assets, it
is difficult to correctly estimate an increase in value <em>
until you actually sell the asset.</em></p>
<p>Appreciation of assets is, in general, a fairly tricky
matter to deal with. This is so because, for some sorts of
assets, it is difficult to correctly estimate an increase in
value <em>until you actually sell the asset.</em></p>
<p> If you invest in <a href="xacc-ticker.html">securities</a>
<p>If you invest in <a href="xacc-ticker.html">securities</a>
that are traded on a daily basis on open markets such as stock
exchanges, prices may be quite exact, and selling the asset at
market prices may be as simple as calling a broker and issuing
a <b> Market Order.</b></p>
a <b>Market Order.</b></p>
<p> On the other hand, homes in your neighborhood are sold
<p>On the other hand, homes in your neighborhood are sold
somewhat less often, such sales tend to involve expending
considerable effort, and involve negotiations, which means that
estimates are likely to be less precise. Similarly, selling a
used automobile involves a negotiation process that makes
pricing a bit less predictable.</p>
<p> Harder to estimate are values of collectible objects such
as jewelry, works of art, baseball cards, and "Beanie Babies."
The markets for such objects are somewhat less open than the
<p>Harder to estimate are values of collectible objects such as
jewelry, works of art, baseball cards, and "Beanie Babies." The
markets for such objects are somewhat less open than the
securities markets.</p>
<p> Worse still are one-of-a-kind assets. Factories often
<p>Worse still are one-of-a-kind assets. Factories often
contain presses and dies customized to build a very specific
product that cost tens or hundreds of thousands of dollars;
this equipment may be <em>worthless</em> outside of that very
@ -96,12 +96,12 @@
values might be attached to the asset, <em>none</em> of them
unambiguously correct.</p>
<p> Let's suppose you buy an asset expected to increase in
<p>Let's suppose you buy an asset expected to increase in
value, say a Degas painting, and want to track this. (The
insurance company will care about this, even if nobody else
does.)</p>
<p> Properly tracking the continually-increasing value of the
<p>Properly tracking the continually-increasing value of the
Degas will require at least three, quite possibly the following
four accounts (plus a bank or cash account where the money for
the purchase comes from):</p>
@ -122,20 +122,20 @@
asset.</li>
</ul>
<p> The <em>accrued gains</em> likely won't affect your taxable
income for <em> income</em> tax purposes, although it could
have some effect on <em> property</em> taxes.</p>
<p>The <em>accrued gains</em> likely won't affect your taxable
income for <em>income</em> tax purposes, although it could have
some effect on <em>property</em> taxes.</p>
<h2>The handling of capital gains in GnuCash</h2>
<h3> The Acquisition</h3>
<h3>The Acquisition</h3>
<p>The first thing you have to do is to create the <em>asset
cost account</em>, then transfer the sum you paid for this
painting from your bank account to this asset account to record
the purchase.</p>
<p> A month later, you have reason to suspect that the value of
<p>A month later, you have reason to suspect that the value of
your painting has increased by $1200. In order to record this
you transfer $1200 from your <em>accrued gains on asset</em>
income account to your asset account.</p>
@ -148,25 +148,25 @@
<img src="appr-asset1.gif" alt=
"Asset account after purchase and appreciation">
<h3> While You Hold the Asset</h3>
<h3>While You Hold the Asset</h3>
<p>Asset appreciation is a sort of income but it is <em>
not</em> cash in hand.</p>
<p> The people that got "rich" in 1999 from IPOs of
<p>The people that got "rich" in 1999 from IPOs of
Linux-related companies like Red Hat Software and VA Linux
Systems could verify this. They hold options or stock that are
<em> theoretically</em> valued at millions of dollars USD.</p>
<em>theoretically</em> valued at millions of dollars USD.</p>
<p> That doesn't mean that they are actually millionaires; the
<p>That doesn't mean that they are actually millionaires; the
principal participants have to hold their stock for at least
six months before selling <em> any</em> of it. The fact that
six months before selling <em>any</em> of it. The fact that
they <em>can't</em> sell it means that while it may in theory
be worth millions of dollars on paper, there is, as of late
1999, no way for them to legally <em> get</em> those
1999, no way for them to legally <em>get</em> those
millions.</p>
<h3> Selling the Asset</h3>
<h3>Selling the Asset</h3>
<p>Let&acute;s say another month later prices for Degas
paintings have gone up some more, in your case about $2500, you
@ -180,8 +180,8 @@
Your optimistic estimate of the painting&acute;s value was
correct.
<p> The income account is left alone (or perhaps gets
transferred from an <em> Accrued Gain</em> income to a <em>
<p>The income account is left alone (or perhaps gets
transferred from an <em>Accrued Gain</em> income to a <em>
Realized Gain</em> income account), and the recording is
rather like:</p>
@ -211,9 +211,9 @@
</tr>
</table>
<p> And if any amounts had been accrued as <em> Accrued
<p>And if any amounts had been accrued as <em>Accrued
Gains,</em> the asset amount should be closed out, offset
by a <em> negative</em> value for <em> Accrued Gain</em>
by a <em>negative</em> value for <em>Accrued Gain</em>
income. If the total that had been accrued was $5000, then
the transaction might look like the following:</p>
@ -255,21 +255,21 @@
</tr>
</table>
<p> Note that the two income accounts offset one another so
that the <em> current</em> income resulting from the
<p>Note that the two income accounts offset one another so
that the <em>current</em> income resulting from the
transaction is only $55. The remaining $5000 had previously
been recognized as <em> Accrued Gain Income.</em></p>
been recognized as <em>Accrued Gain Income.</em></p>
</li>
<li>
You were over-optimistic about the value of the painting.
<p> Instead of the $16055 you thought the painting was
worth are only offered $15000. But you still decide to
sell, because you value $15000 more than you value the
<p>Instead of the $16055 you thought the painting was worth
are only offered $15000. But you still decide to sell,
because you value $15000 more than you value the
painting.</p>
<p> The numbers change a little bit, but not too
<p>The numbers change a little bit, but not too
dramatically.</p>
<table summary="SMALLGAINACCRUEDTOO">
@ -310,9 +310,9 @@
</tr>
</table>
<p> Note that the two income accounts offset one another so
that the <em> current</em> income resulting from the
transaction turns out to be a <em> loss</em> of $1000.
<p>Note that the two income accounts offset one another so
that the <em>current</em> income resulting from the
transaction turns out to be a <em>loss</em> of $1000.
That's fine, as you had previously recognized $5000 in
income.</p>
</li>
@ -321,7 +321,7 @@
You manage to sell your painting for more than you thought
in your wildest dreams.
<p> The extra value is, again, recorded as a gain, <em>
<p>The extra value is, again, recorded as a gain, <em>
i.e.</em> an income.</p>
<table summary="HUGEGAIN">
@ -364,8 +364,8 @@
</li>
</ol>
<p> In practice, it truly is important to keep the <em> Accrued
Gain Income</em> separate from the <em> Realized Gain
<p>In practice, it truly is important to keep the <em>Accrued
Gain Income</em> separate from the <em>Realized Gain
Income,</em> as the former is likely to be ignored by your tax
authorities, who will only care to charge you on the <em>
Realized Gain.</em></p>
@ -381,66 +381,66 @@
be difficult to correctly estimate the ``true'' value of an
asset.</p>
<p> It is quite easy to count yourself rich based on
<p>It is quite easy to count yourself rich based on
questionable estimates that do not reflect "money in the
bank."</p>
<p> Thus, when dealing with appreciation of assets,</p>
<p>Thus, when dealing with appreciation of assets,</p>
<ol>
<li>
Be careful with your estimation of values.
<p> Do not indulge in wishful thinking.</p>
<p>Do not indulge in wishful thinking.</p>
</li>
<li>
Never, ever, count on money you do not have in your bank or
as cash.
<p> Until you have actually sold your asset and got the
<p>Until you have actually sold your asset and got the
money, any numbers on paper (or magnetic patterns on your
hard disk) are merely that.</p>
<p> If you could realistically convince a banker to lend
you money, using the assets as collateral, that is a pretty
<p>If you could realistically convince a banker to lend you
money, using the assets as collateral, that is a pretty
reasonable evidence that the assets have value, as lenders
are professionally suspicious of dubious overestimations of
value.</p>
<p> Be aware: all too many companies that appear
<p>Be aware: all too many companies that appear
"profitable" on paper go out of business as a result of
running out of <em> cash,</em> precisely because "valuable
running out of <em>cash,</em> precisely because "valuable
assets" were not the same thing as cash.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2>Taxation of Capital Gains</h2>
<p> Taxation policies vary considerably between countries, so
it is virtually impossible to say anything that will be
<p>Taxation policies vary considerably between countries, so it
is virtually impossible to say anything that will be
universally useful.</p>
<p> However, it is <em> common</em> for income generated by
<p>However, it is <em>common</em> for income generated by
capital gains to not be subject to taxation until the date that
the asset is actually sold, and sometimes not even then.</p>
<p> North American home owners <em> usually</em> find that when
<p>North American home owners <em>usually</em> find that when
they sell personal residences, capital gains that occur are
exempt from taxation. It appears that other countries treat
sale of homes differently, taxing people on such gains. German
authorities, for example, tax those gains only if you owned the
property for less than ten years.</p>
<p> <a href="mailto:cbbrowne@hex.net"> I have</a> one story
from my professional tax preparation days where a family sold a
<p><a href="mailto:cbbrowne@hex.net">I have</a> one story from
my professional tax preparation days where a family sold a
farm, and expected a <em>considerable</em> tax bill that turned
out to be virtually nil due to having owned the property before
1971 (wherein lies a critical "Valuation Day" date in Canada)
and due to it being a <em> dairy</em> farm, with some <em>
really peculiar</em> resulting deductions.</p>
and due to it being a <em>dairy</em> farm, with some <em>really
peculiar</em> resulting deductions.</p>
<p> In short, this presentation is fairly simple, but taxation
<p>In short, this presentation is fairly simple, but taxation
often gets terribly complicated...</p>
<h1>Depreciation of assets</h1>
@ -459,22 +459,21 @@
of use.</li>
</ul>
<p> Since depreciation of assets is very often driven by tax
<p>Since depreciation of assets is very often driven by tax
policies, the discussion of depreciation will focus in that
direction, on some of the more common depreciation calculation
schemes.</p>
<p> While there has been some discussion about how to
accomplish automated calculation and creation of transactions
to handle things like depreciation, there is not yet any
working code, so for now, you will have to do calculations by
hand.</p>
<p>While there has been some discussion about how to accomplish
automated calculation and creation of transactions to handle
things like depreciation, there is not yet any working code, so
for now, you will have to do calculations by hand.</p>
<h2>Depreciation schemes</h2>
<h3>Linear depreciation</h3>
<p> Linear depreciation diminishes the value of an asset by a
<p>Linear depreciation diminishes the value of an asset by a
fixed amount each period until the net value is zero. This is
the <em>simplest</em> calculation, as you estimate a useful
lifetime, and simply divide the cost equally across that
@ -541,16 +540,15 @@
<p>Each period the asset is depreciated by a fixed percentage
of its value in the previous period. In this scheme the rest
value of an asset decreases exponentially leaving a value at
the end that is larger than zero (<em> i.e.</em> - a resale
the end that is larger than zero ( <em>i.e.</em> - a resale
value).</p>
<p> <em> Beware: Tax authorities may require (or allow) a
larger percentage in the first period.</em> On the other hand,
in Canada, this is reversed, as they permit only a <em>
half</em> share of "Capital Cost Allowance" in the first
year.</p>
<p><em>Beware: Tax authorities may require (or allow) a larger
percentage in the first period.</em> On the other hand, in
Canada, this is reversed, as they permit only a <em>half</em>
share of "Capital Cost Allowance" in the first year.</p>
<p> The result of this approach is that asset value decreases
<p>The result of this approach is that asset value decreases
more rapidly at the beginning than at the end which is <em>
probably</em> more realistic for most assets than a linear
scheme. This is certainly true for automobiles.</p>
@ -614,7 +612,7 @@
is the "sum of digits" method. Here is an illustration:</p>
<p><strong>Example:</strong> First you divide the asset value
by the sum of the years of use, <em> e.g.</em> for our example
by the sum of the years of use, <em>e.g.</em> for our example
from above with an asset worth $1500 that is used over a period
of five years you get 1500/(1+2+3+4+5)=100. Depreciation and
asset value are then calculated as follows:</p>
@ -678,7 +676,7 @@
<li>An <em>Asset Cost</em> asset account to keep track of the
original value;</li>
<li>An <em> Accumulated Depreciation</em> asset account in
<li>An <em>Accumulated Depreciation</em> asset account in
which to collect the sum of all of the years' depreciation
amounts;</li>
@ -703,13 +701,14 @@
<h2>A word of caution</h2>
<p>Since depreciation and tax issues are closely related, you
may not always be free in choosing your preferred method. Fixing
wrong calculations will cost a whole lot more time and trouble
than getting the calculations right the first time, so if you
plan to depreciate assets, it is wise to make sure of the
schemes you will be permitted <em> or required</em> to use.</p>
may not always be free in choosing your preferred method.
Fixing wrong calculations will cost a whole lot more time and
trouble than getting the calculations right the first time, so
if you plan to depreciate assets, it is wise to make sure of
the schemes you will be permitted <em>or required</em> to
use.</p>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Balance Tracking Report</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Balance Tracking Report</h1>
<p><em>FIXME: Document this report!</em>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
<p><em>FIXME: Document this report!</em></p>
<hr>
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
<html>
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<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Balance Sheet</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Balance Sheet</h1>
<p>This report summarizes your assets, liabilities, and equity.</p>
<p>There are currently no options for this report, but the option
to specify a date for which the balance sheet is to be calculated
will be added soon.</p>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
<body>
<h1>Balance Sheet</h1>
<p>This report summarizes your assets, liabilities, and
equity.</p>
<p>There are currently no options for this report, but the
option to specify a date for which the balance sheet is to be
calculated will be added soon.</p>
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
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<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Currency Handling and Double Entry Bookkeeping</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1> Currency Handling and Double Entry Bookkeeping</h1>
<h1>Currency Handling and Double Entry Bookkeeping</h1>
<p>A <a href="xacc-double.html"> Double Entry bookkeeping
<p>A <a href="xacc-double.html">Double Entry bookkeeping
system</a> stores both values, and requires that all
transactions balance, as described in the <a href=
"xacc-double.html#IDENTITY"> Double Entry Identity.</a></p>
transactions balance, as described in the <a href=
"xacc-double.html#IDENTITY">Double Entry Identity.</a></p>
<p> When we introduce the notion of having multiple currencies,
<p>When we introduce the notion of having multiple currencies,
or stocks that may vary in price, the identities get a little
more complicated, and we introduce the following formulae:</p>
@ -34,7 +36,7 @@
<ul>
<li>
<i> <b>SpendAcct:</b> (an ordinary bank/cash acct valued in
<i><b>SpendAcct:</b> (an ordinary bank/cash acct valued in
USD)</i>
<pre>
<i>Date xfer from memo cost
@ -44,7 +46,7 @@
</li>
<li>
<i> <b>JPYAcct</b>: (a currency trading account valued in
<i><b>JPYAcct</b>: (a currency trading account valued in
yen)</i>
<pre>
<i>Date xfer from memo purchase rate
@ -55,16 +57,16 @@
</ul>
<p>The engine links together all three of these values <tt>
(1.0, 150, 0.00667)</tt> permanently and makes it impossible
to change one without changing another, so that the grand total
is always zero, thereby guaranteeing satisfaction of the <a
href="xacc-double.html#IDENTITY"> double entry accounting
(1.0, 150, 0.00667)</tt> permanently and makes it impossible to
change one without changing another, so that the grand total is
always zero, thereby guaranteeing satisfaction of the <a href=
"xacc-double.html#IDENTITY">double entry accounting
identity.</a></p>
<h1> ISO Currency Codes</h1>
<h1>ISO Currency Codes</h1>
<a name="ISOCURR"></a>
<p> More currencies than you thought possible...</p>
<p>More currencies than you thought possible...</p>
<table border="1">
<tr>
@ -1202,7 +1204,7 @@
</table>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
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<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Date Data Input</title>
@ -14,31 +16,31 @@
The date cell handles the following accelerator keys:
<ul>
<li><tt> +, =</tt> increment day</li>
<li><tt>+, =</tt> increment day</li>
<li><tt> _ , -</tt> decrement day</li>
<li><tt>_ , -</tt> decrement day</li>
<li><tt> } , ]</tt> increment month</li>
<li><tt>} , ]</tt> increment month</li>
<li><tt> { , [</tt> decrement month</li>
<li><tt>{ , [</tt> decrement month</li>
<li><tt> M , m</tt> beginning of month</li>
<li><tt>M , m</tt> beginning of month</li>
<li><tt> H , h</tt> end of month</li>
<li><tt>H , h</tt> end of month</li>
<li><tt> Y , y</tt> beginning of year</li>
<li><tt>Y , y</tt> beginning of year</li>
<li><tt> R , r</tt> end of year</li>
<li><tt>R , r</tt> end of year</li>
<li><tt> T , t</tt> today GnuCash can be compiled to use
<li><tt>T , t</tt> today GnuCash can be compiled to use
either European style dates or US Style dates.</li>
<li><tt>Grep</tt> for <var> UK_DATES</var> in <tt>
<li><tt>Grep</tt> for <var>UK_DATES</var> in <tt>
dates.h</tt></li>
</ul>
<hr>
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<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
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<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Understanding Double Entry Accounting</title>
@ -11,88 +13,94 @@
<body>
<h1>Why Use Double Entry Accounting?</h1>
<p>If you are a beginner, a novice, you need double entry accounting
to help you avoid beginner mistakes. It will keep you from creating
an unauditable mess. It will make your life easier, and it will make
this software easier to understand and to use.
And if you are an experienced accountant, then you would only turn ill
at the thought of life without it.
<p>If you are a novice to accounting, you <em>need</em> double
entry accounting to help you keep your accounts straight. It
will keep you from creating an unverifiable mess. It will make
your life easier, and it will make this software easier to
understand and to use.</p>
<p>And if you are an experienced accountant, you would likely
feel <em>ill</em> at the thought of life without it.</p>
<h1>What is Double Entry Accounting?</h1>
<p> Double entry bookkeeping is an accounting methodology
<p>Double entry bookkeeping is an accounting methodology
introduced in the 13th century to to make sure that each
accounts and indeed <em> each transaction</em> is properly
accounts and indeed <em>each transaction</em> is properly
balanced.</p>
<p> When these are all required to balance, the likelihood of
<p>When these are all required to balance, the likelihood of
data-entry errors is greatly reduced. For large, complex sets
of accounts with many transactions, it is distressingly easy to
make errors that may go undetected for a long time, and be
appallingly difficult to track down, even when double-entry
bookkeeping is used.</p>
<p> A double-entry transaction is a transaction that contains
<p>A double-entry transaction is a transaction that contains
entries for two (or more) accounts that balance against one
another. One account is <em>debited</em> by an amount exactly
equal to what the other is <em>credited.</em> By ensuring that
each transaction balances, a balanced set of accounts is
guaranteed. This doesn't prevent you from having errors, but
certainly eliminates the large class of <b> I forgot to enter
certainly eliminates the large class of <b>I forgot to enter
that part of the transaction</b> errors.</p>
<p> Double-entry may be introduced in a more intuitive way via
<p>Double-entry may be introduced in a more intuitive way via
the notion of a transfer from one bank account to another,
where an amount is taken out of one bank account and deposited
in the other. This is effectively the "rule" of double entry
accounting; if you add something in to one account, you <em>
have</em> to have another component to that transaction to
balance this.</p>
balance it.</p>
<p> <b> Not-quite-an-aside:</b> If you look at your bank
<p><b>Not-quite-an-aside:</b> If you look at your bank
statements, they are typically written up from the <b>
bank's</b> perspective, which is exactly <em> opposite</em> to
bank's</b> perspective, which is exactly <em>opposite</em> to
yours. For instance, when you put money in, establishing a
deposit, this establishes a <b> DEBT</b> on their part.</p>
deposit, this establishes a <b>DEBT</b> on their part.</p>
As a result, "newcomers to accounting," who only see the terms
"Debit" and "Credit" on statements from their bank seem to get
fairly confused about this.
<p> The perhaps less obvious extension is the notion that
double entry can be used to represent income and expenses as
well as bank transfers. See the <a href="xacc-expense.html">
<p>The perhaps less obvious extension is the notion that double
entry can be used to represent income and expenses as well as
bank transfers. See the <a href="xacc-expense.html">
Income/Expense</a> page for a more detailed discussion of
that.</p>
<p> <a name="IDENTITY"> In a traditional system that records
<p><a name="IDENTITY">In a traditional system that records
debits and credits separately, the identity that all
transactions are required to satisfy is that <tt> Total of
transactions are required to satisfy is that <tt>Total of
Debits = Total of Credits.</tt></a></p>
<p> The fact that the identity requires merely that the <em>
<p>The fact that the identity requires merely that the <em>
total</em> balances means that it is a little bit misleading to
call this <em> double</em>-entry bookkeeping; it would be
somewhat more accurate to call it <em> multiple-</em>entry
call this <em>double</em>-entry bookkeeping; it would be
somewhat more accurate to call it <em>multiple-</em>entry
bookkeeping. Unfortunately, there's 700 years of history of use
of the term, which sufficiently discourages changing it. (And
some people think that UNIX has some crufty old bits of
oddness. Hah!)</p>
of the term, which sufficiently discourages changing it. (To
think some newcomers to UNIX think that it has some crufty old
bits of oddness. Hah! We've got UNIX beat by the better part of
a millennium!)</p>
<p> GnuCash treats "Debits" as positive values, and "Credits"
as negative values, so that this identity simplifies to <tt>
<p>GnuCash treats "Debits" as positive values, and "Credits" as
negative values, so that this identity simplifies to <tt>
value<sub>1</sub> + value<sub>2</sub> + value<sub>3</sub> + ...
= 0</tt></p>
<h1>Using Double Entry</h1>
<h2> Creating Transactions</h2>
<h2>Creating Transactions</h2>
<p> To create a double-entry transaction:</p>
<p>To create a double-entry transaction:</p>
<ul>
<li>
Click on a box in the column marked <tt>Transfer From</tt>
on the left-hand side of the register.
<p> A menu will drop down, listing all of the accounts from
<p>A menu will drop down, listing all of the accounts from
which a transfer may be made.</p>
</li>
@ -106,31 +114,31 @@ at the thought of life without it.
</li>
</ul>
<h2> Changing Transactions</h2>
<h2>Changing Transactions</h2>
<p> To <em> change</em> a double-entry transaction:</p>
<p>To <em>change</em> a double-entry transaction:</p>
<p> Simply edit the transaction in any window in which it
<p>Simply edit the transaction in any window in which it
appears.</p>
<p> Any changes made will be automatically reflected in both
<p>Any changes made will be automatically reflected in both
accounts and all windows displaying the transaction.</p>
<p> Similarly, when a double-entry transaction is deleted, the
<p>Similarly, when a double-entry transaction is deleted, the
"splits" will be deleted from both accounts, and balances will
automatically be recalculated for <em> both</em> accounts.</p>
automatically be recalculated for <em>both</em> accounts.</p>
<p> To change the transfer account, simply select a new account
<p>To change the transfer account, simply select a new account
from the pull-down menu. When you record the transaction, it
will automatically be selected from the old account, and
inserted into the new account.</p>
<h1>Scrubbing Clean</h1>
<p> GnuCash can be configured to be strict about double entry,
<p>GnuCash may be configured to be strict about double entry,
or you may configure it to be "loose."</p>
<p> In "loose" mode, you can create <em>unbalanced
<p>In "loose" mode, you can create <em>unbalanced
transactions,</em> that is, transactions where the "splits"
don't balance to zero. That discards the validation that comes
from using the more strict double entry scheme, which is
@ -138,27 +146,36 @@ at the thought of life without it.
<ul>
<li>If you aren't sure of what you're doing, you likely do
not want to discard the validation of <b> double entry,</b>
as this helps you keep your accounts balanced even when
you're not perfectly clear on this.</li>
not want to discard the validation of <b>double entry,</b> as
this helps you keep your accounts balanced even when you're
not perfectly clear on this.</li>
<li>If you are an <em> accounting whiz,</em> you'll know that
it's <em> really important</em> to keep things in balance,
and again will prefer <b> double entry.</b></li>
<li>If you are an <em>accounting whiz,</em> you'll know that
it's <em>really important</em> to keep things in balance, and
again will prefer <b>double entry.</b></li>
</ul>
<p> But if you decide to "outsmart the system," and have a
<p>But if you decide to "outsmart the system," and have a
number of unbalanced transactions, you'll probably want to
clean this up at some point. To clean up these unbalanced
transactions, you <b> Scrub</b> the account clean by choosing
<tt>Scrub</tt> from the window menu. This will examine each
transaction; if the transaction doesn't balance, a split entry
will be created and placed into an account named <b>
Unbalanced.</b> You may then review these splits and move them
to their proper accounts.</p>
transactions, you <b>Scrub</b> the account clean by choosing
<tt>Scrub</tt> from the window menu.</p>
<p>The process will examine each transaction; if the
transaction doesn't balance, a split entry will be created and
placed into an account named <b>Unbalanced.</b> You may then
review these splits and move them to their proper accounts.</p>
<p><b>Warning: Functionality Changing...</b></p>
<p>At present, control over whether GnuCash is "strict" or
"loose" is established at compile time, and defaults to <b>
strict.</b></p>
<p>In the future, there will be no option of "looseness."</p>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
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<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>GnuCash and the EURO</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1> GnuCash and the EURO</h1>
<h1>GnuCash and the EURO</h1>
<h2> Introduction</h2>
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<p>On January 1, 1999, eleven European Union countries formed
an economic and monetary union (EMU) and started using a single
currency - the euro. These countries locked the exchange rates
of their national currencies to the euro and are sharing the
new currency.</p>
<p>However, euro notes and coins will not be available until
<p>However, euro notes and coins will not be available until
January 1, 2001. Until then, the old national currency notes
and coins (French francs, Deutschmarks etc) will continue to
circulate. But in law they are part of the euro. Their value
in euro is completely fixed. All kinds of cashless monetary
circulate. But in law they are part of the euro. Their value in
euro is completely fixed. All kinds of cashless monetary
transactions like cheques or wire transfers are possible in
euro</p>
<p>You can find more information about the euro at:
<a href="http://europa.eu.int/euro"> http://europa.eu.int/euro
</a>.</p>
<p>You can find more information about the euro at: <a href=
"http://europa.eu.int/euro">http://europa.eu.int/euro</a> .</p>
<h2> EMU Member Countries and Exchange Rates</h2>
<h2>EMU Member Countries and Exchange Rates</h2>
<a name="euro_iso_curr"></a>
<a name="euro_iso_curr"></a>
<p>The following table shows the EMU member countries and
the respective exchange rates of the euro to the old national
currencies. More countries are expected to join the EMU later.</p>
<p>The following table shows the EMU member countries and the
respective exchange rates of the euro to the old national
currencies. More countries are expected to join the EMU
later.</p>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Country</th>
<th>ISO Code</th>
<th>Full Description</th>
<th>Exchange Rate</th>
<th>Full Description</th>
<th>Exchange Rate</th>
</tr>
<tr>
@ -53,94 +58,128 @@
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Austria</td>
<td>ATS</th>
<td>Austrian Schilling</td>
<td>1 euro = 13.7603 S</td>
<td>Austria</td>
<td>ATS</td>
<td>Austrian Schilling</td>
<td>1 euro = 13.7603 S</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Belgium</td>
<td>BEF</th>
<td>Belgian Franc</td>
<td>1 euro = 40.3399 bfrs</td>
<td>Belgium</td>
<td>BEF</td>
<td>Belgian Franc</td>
<td>1 euro = 40.3399 bfrs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Finland</td>
<td>FIM</th>
<td>Finnish Mark</td>
<td>1 euro = 5.94573 Fmk</td>
<td>Finland</td>
<td>FIM</td>
<td>Finnish Mark</td>
<td>1 euro = 5.94573 Fmk</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>France</td>
<td>FRF</th>
<td>French Franc</td>
<td>1 euro = 6.55957 FF</td>
<td>France</td>
<td>FRF</td>
<td>French Franc</td>
<td>1 euro = 6.55957 FF</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Germany</td>
<td>DEM</th>
<td>German Mark</td>
<td>1 euro = 1.95538 DM</td>
<td>Germany</td>
<td>DEM</td>
<td>German Mark</td>
<td>1 euro = 1.95538 DM</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ireland</td>
<td>IEP</th>
<td>Irish Pound</td>
<td>1 euro = 0.787564 Ir. &pound;</td>
<td>Ireland</td>
<td>IEP</td>
<td>Irish Pound</td>
<td>1 euro = 0.787564 Ir. &pound;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Italy</td>
<td>ITL</th>
<td>Italian Lira</td>
<td>1 euro = 1936.27 Lit</td>
<td>Italy</td>
<td>ITL</td>
<td>Italian Lira</td>
<td>1 euro = 1936.27 Lit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Luxembourg</td>
<td>LUF</th>
<td>Luxembourgian Franc</td>
<td>1 euro = 40.3399 lfrs</td>
<td>Luxembourg</td>
<td>LUF</td>
<td>Luxembourgian Franc</td>
<td>1 euro = 40.3399 lfrs</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Netherlands</td>
<td>NLG</th>
<td>Dutch Guilder</td>
<td>1 euro = 2.20371 hfl</td>
<td>Netherlands</td>
<td>NLG</td>
<td>Dutch Guilder</td>
<td>1 euro = 2.20371 hfl</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Portugal</td>
<td>PTE</th>
<td>Portuguese Escudo</td>
<td>1 euro = 200.482 Esc</td>
<td>Portugal</td>
<td>PTE</td>
<td>Portuguese Escudo</td>
<td>1 euro = 200.482 Esc</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Spain</td>
<td>ESP</th>
<td>Spanish Peseta</td>
<td>1 euro = 166.386 Ptas</td>
<td>Spain</td>
<td>ESP</td>
<td>Spanish Peseta</td>
<td>1 euro = 166.386 Ptas</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2> EURO support in GnuCash</h2>
<h2>EURO support in GnuCash</h2>
<p>You can enable euro support in GnuCash in the international
category of the <a href="xacc-globalprefs.html">preferences</a>
dialog box. If your system locale specifies one of the
<a href="#euro_iso_curr">EMU member currencies</a>, euro support
is enabled by default.</p>
dialog box. If your system locale specifies one of the <a href=
"#euro_iso_curr">EMU member currencies</a>, euro support is
enabled by default.</p>
<p>FIXME: Actual documentation with screenshots and so on</p>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
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@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Using Expense/Income Accounts</title>
@ -10,53 +12,52 @@
<body>
<h1>What are Incomes and Expenses?</h1>
<p> The words "Income" and "Expense" are beguilingly simple;
everyone <em> thinks</em> they know what they mean; this <em>
usually</em> is that <b> When I spend something, this is an
<p>The words "Income" and "Expense" are beguilingly simple;
everyone <em>thinks</em> they know what they mean; this <em>
usually</em> is that <b>When I spend something, this is an
expense, and when I get money, this is an income.</b></p>
<p> This oversimplifies things somewhat; it is often a <em>
<p>This oversimplifies things somewhat; it is often a <em>
good-enough</em> approximation when doing personal accounting,
but when running a business, incomes and expenses often have be
recognized as having occurred when some "critical event" takes
place that may not perfectly correspond to "when cash comes in
or goes out."</p>
<p> For instance, companies usually have to recognize income
<em> when the sale occurs.</em> That may mean that I have to
recognize a $100,000 sale <em> at the moment I and the customer
<p>For instance, companies usually have to recognize income
<em>when the sale occurs.</em> That may mean that I have to
recognize a $100,000 sale <em>at the moment I and the customer
shake hands on the deal.</em></p>
<p> Since the money hasn't come in, the sale has to be
estimated in other way; the way this is done is to <b>
accrue</b> a sale at that time, and in making the transaction
balance, rather than adding something in to cash, I'd add the
$100,000 sale to <b> Accounts Receivable.</b></p>
<p>Since the money hasn't come in, the sale has to be estimated
in other way; the way this is done is to <b>accrue</b> a sale
at that time, and in making the transaction balance, rather
than adding something in to cash, I'd add the $100,000 sale to
<b>Accounts Receivable.</b></p>
<p> In a double entry system, two kinds of accounts must be
<p>In a double entry system, two kinds of accounts must be
created: some of type "Income" and others of type "Expense."
(There tend to be a lot more different kinds of expenses than
there are of incomes.)</p>
<p> Income such as salary, wages, bank interest and stock
<p>Income such as salary, wages, bank interest and stock
dividends are then recorded as transfers from an income account
to a bank (or, in general, some asset) account. Similarly,
expenses are recorded as transfers from a credit card account
(or, in general, a liability account).</p>
<p> Another way of describing the requirement for "double
entry" is that when you receive an income, two things
happen:</p>
<p>Another way of describing the requirement for "double entry"
is that when you receive an income, two things happen:</p>
<ul>
<li>You receive a sum of <em> money,</em> and must record
that effect on your bank account.</li>
<li>You receive a sum of <em>money,</em> and must record that
effect on your bank account.</li>
<li>You have received an income, and must record that effect
on an income account.</li>
</ul>
<p> When, for instance, salary is deposited in a bank account,
<p>When, for instance, salary is deposited in a bank account,
the bank account is credited, and the income account is
debited, thus:</p>
@ -137,72 +138,72 @@
</tr>
</table>
<p> There may be a whole lot more than two entries in the
<p>There may be a whole lot more than two entries in the
transaction, but the total sum of the Debits, $1,600.00, still
equals the total sum of the credits, $1,600.00.</p>
<p> If, as with <b>GnuCash,</b> everything is forced onto one
column, so that <b> debits</b> are represented by positive
values, and <b> credits</b> are represented by negative values,
<p>If, as with <b>GnuCash,</b> everything is forced onto one
column, so that <b>debits</b> are represented by positive
values, and <b>credits</b> are represented by negative values,
the income/expense accounts do a slightly non-intuitive thing
and you see incomes as <em> negative</em> values. That <em>
and you see incomes as <em>negative</em> values. That <em>
appears</em> contrary to intuition, but is nonetheless
necessary in order for the <a href="xacc-double.html#IDENTITY">
double-entry bookkeeping identity to hold true.</a></p>
double-entry bookkeeping identity to hold true.</a></p>
<p> Another way in which income and expense accounts are
special is that their account totals do not directly appear on
a balance sheet. A balance sheet shows "Net Worth": the sum of
<p>Another way in which income and expense accounts are special
is that their account totals do not directly appear on a
balance sheet. A balance sheet shows "Net Worth": the sum of
all assets minus all liabilities.</p>
<p> Income and expenses are neither assets nor liabilities, and
<p>Income and expenses are neither assets nor liabilities, and
so do not appear on the balance sheet. What appears on the
balance sheet is their effects on <b> equity.</b></p>
balance sheet is their effects on <b>equity.</b></p>
<p> There is a separate report, a "Profit and Loss" (P&amp;L)
<p>There is a separate report, a "Profit and Loss" (P&amp;L)
report, to analyze income and expenses. The total profit (or
loss) is calculated as total income less total expenses. In a
nicely symmetrical fashion, since assets and liabilities are
neither income or expenses, <em> they</em> correspondingly do
neither income or expenses, <em>they</em> correspondingly do
not appear on a P&amp;L statement.</p>
<p> Even though these accounts may be somewhat "special", you
do not need to do anything particularly special to use income
and expense accounts. GnuCash handles the values automatically,
so that if you record properly the effects of the transactions
on your bank account or credit card, the income/expense side of
<p>Even though these accounts may be somewhat "special", you do
not need to do anything particularly special to use income and
expense accounts. GnuCash handles the values automatically, so
that if you record properly the effects of the transactions on
your bank account or credit card, the income/expense side of
the transaction should also be handled correctly.</p>
<p> The time when things get "peculiar," and when you need to
<p>The time when things get "peculiar," and when you need to
more deeply understand this, is when amounts are transferred
between income/expense accounts. (The <i> causes</i> for such
between income/expense accounts. (The <i>causes</i> for such
transfers tend to be somewhat peculiar, so it's pretty fair for
this to be a pretty odd situation.)</p>
<h1>Using Income/Expense Accounts</h1>
<p> To use an income/expense account, simply create one from
the "New Account" dialogue window, and then be sure to transfer
<p>To use an income/expense account, simply create one from the
"New Account" dialogue window, and then be sure to transfer
income/expenses to it as you record paychecks, interest,
etc.</p>
<p> You will doubtless wish to create quite a number of income
and expense accounts; it may be worth looking at the <a href=
"xacc-groups.html#SAMPLECHART"> Sample Chart of Accounts</a>
for ideas.</p>
<p>You will doubtless wish to create quite a number of income
and expense accounts; it may be worth looking at the <a href=
"xacc-groups.html#SAMPLECHART">Sample Chart of Accounts</a> for
ideas.</p>
<p> This partitioning of incomes and expenses is likely to
prove particularly useful for North Americans when <i>income
tax time</i> rolls around.</p>
<p>This partitioning of incomes and expenses is likely to prove
particularly useful for North Americans when <i>income tax
time</i> rolls around.</p>
<h1> Use of Terminology In Other Software</h1>
<h1>Use of Terminology In Other Software</h1>
<p> If you have used other personal finance software, be aware
that <a href="xacc-quicken.html#QUICKENCATS"> Quicken calls
them "Categories."</a></p>
<p>If you have used other personal finance software, be aware
that <a href="xacc-quicken.html#QUICKENCATS">Quicken calls them
"Categories."</a></p>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

68
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View File

@ -33,30 +33,46 @@
<a name="overview"><h2>Overview</h2></a>
<p>The Find Transactions dialog allows you to search for
transactions which match criteria that you specify, including
account(s) affected by the transaction, the value of the transaction,
the date, the memo, the description, etc. You can bring up the Find
Transactions dialog by clicking on the "Find" button in the main
GnuCash window or any register display window. The results of your
search will be shown in a register display similar to the ones used to
display your accounts, with the window title "Search Results".
transactions which match criteria that you specify, including:
<ul>
<li> Account(s) affected by the transaction,
<li> Value of the transaction,
<li> Date
<li> Memo field
<li> Transaction description
<ul>
etc.
<P> You may bring up the <b> Find Transactions </b> dialog by clicking
on the "Find" button in the main GnuCash window or any register
display window.
<P> The results of your search will be shown in a register display
similar to the ones used to display your accounts, with the window
title "Search Results".
<p>Clicking the "Find" button again within a Search Results
register window allows you to add additional terms to the query whose
results are displayed in that window. By combining multiple searches,
you can create very sophisticated queries to show you exactly the
results are displayed in that window. <P> By combining multiple searches,
you may construct rather sophisticated queries to display exactly the
subset of your transactions that you want to see.
<a href="#toc">Table of Contents</a>
<a name="how-to"><h2>How to use the Find Transactions dialog</h2></a>
<p>The Find Transactions dialog has two main parts. The upper
<p>The Find Transactions dialog has two main parts.
<ul>
<li> The upper
part of the dialog is a Notebook with tabs that allow you to specify
the conditions of your search. See <a href="#setup">Setting up a
search</a> for details on each search type. The lower part of the
the conditions of your search. <p> See <a href="#setup">Setting up a
search</a> for details on each search type.
<li>The lower part of the
dialog is a selector which allows you to specify how the results of
the search are to be combined with any previous search.
</uL>
<p>If you get the Find Transactions dialog by clicking the Find
button in the main GnuCash window or any normal account display
@ -107,9 +123,9 @@ accounts is to be displayed.
<p>If you select "All" accounts from the picker at the top of the
tab, the only transactions that will be show are those which affect
all the selected accounts. For example, if you select "My Checking
Account" and "My VISA Account" and then choose "All", only transfers
from Checking to Visa will be shown.
all the selected accounts. <P> For example, if you select <b>My
Checking Account<b> and <b> My VISA Account</b> and then choose <B>
All</b>, only transfers from Checking to Visa will be shown.
<p>If you select "Any" from the picker, transactions affecting any
selected amount will be shown. For example, if you select "My
@ -121,15 +137,15 @@ together in the Search Results window.
<p>In the Date tab, you can specify a date range for the
transactions you wish to find. The year, month, and day fields are in
the order you specify in Preferences:International:Date Format.
the order you specify in <tt> Preferences:International:Date Format</tt>.
<p>If you want to locate any transaction before a certain date,
specify your date in the second date entry and put a very early date
in the first date entry. The default date is January 1, 1900, which
should be early enough for most purposes. Similarly, if you want to
find any transaction after a certain date, put the date in the first
date entry and put a date after your last transaction in the second
entry.
specify your date in the second date entry and put a distant date in
the past in the first date entry. The default date is January 1,
1900, which should be distant enough for most peoples' purposes. <P>
Similarly, if you want to find any transaction after a certain date,
put the date in the first date entry and put a date after your last
transaction in the second entry.
<a name="amount"><h3>Amount searches</a></h3>
@ -146,12 +162,12 @@ interested in debits, credits, or both.
<p>In the Description, Number, Memo, and Action tabs, you can
specify a string which is matched against the respective fields of
splits and transactions. By default, the match used is a
case-insensitive substring match. If you select the "Case sensitive"
toggle button, the search is a case-sensitive substring match. If the
splits and transactions. <ul><li> By default, the match used is a
case-insensitive substring match. <li> If you select the "Case sensitive"
toggle button, the search is a case-sensitive substring match. <li>If the
"Regular expression" button is selected, the match interprets the
string you enter as a POSIX extended regular expression; case
sensitivity is still determined by the "Case sensitive" button.
sensitivity is still determined by the "Case sensitive" button.</ul>
<a href="#toc">Table of Contents</a>

56
doc/html/C/xacc-globalprefs.html
View File

@ -1,42 +1,50 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Preferences</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Preferences</h1>
<p>You can customize the behavior of
GnuCash by changing the settings in this dialog box.All settings
are automatically saved so changes are preserved for future
sessions.</p>
<h1>Preferences</h1>
<p>You can customize the behavior of GnuCash by changing the
settings in this dialog box.All settings are automatically
saved so changes are preserved for future sessions.</p>
<p>To change settings, simply click to select the appropriate
page, then make appropriate changes, and click the "Apply"
button to see
your changes take effect. Clicking "OK" applies changes, then
closes the properties dialog box.
them. The "Close" button simply closes the dialog box without
applying the latest changes.</p>
page, then make appropriate changes, and click the "Apply"
button to see your changes take effect. Clicking "OK" applies
changes, then closes the properties dialog box. them. The
"Close" button simply closes the dialog box without applying
the latest changes.</p>
<p>The settings are grouped into the following categories:</p>
<ul><li><b>Account Fields:</b> sets which fields are displayed in
the account list of the main window.</li>
<li><b>Account Types:</b> sets which account types are displayed
in the main window.</li>
<ul>
<li><b>Account Fields:</b> sets which fields are displayed in
the account list of the main window.</li>
<li><b>Account Types:</b> sets which account types are
displayed in the main window.</li>
<li><b>General:</b> anything that doesn't fit anywhere
else.</li>
<li><b>International:</b> Options relating to date and time
display formats.</li>
<li><b>Register:</b> Options relating to the default appearance
of account registers.</li>
else.</li>
<li><b>International:</b> Options relating to date and time
display formats.</li>
<li><b>Register:</b> Options relating to the default
appearance of account registers.</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<hr><p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

56
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View File

@ -1,42 +1,50 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Preferences</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Preferences</h1>
<p>You can customize the behavior of
GnuCash by changing the settings in this dialog box.All settings
are automatically saved so changes are preserved for future
sessions.</p>
<h1>Preferences</h1>
<p>You can customize the behavior of GnuCash by changing the
settings in this dialog box.All settings are automatically
saved so changes are preserved for future sessions.</p>
<p>To change settings, simply click to select the appropriate
page, then make appropriate changes, and click the "Apply"
button to see
your changes take effect. Clicking "OK" applies changes, then
closes the properties dialog box.
them. The "Close" button simply closes the dialog box without
applying the latest changes.</p>
page, then make appropriate changes, and click the "Apply"
button to see your changes take effect. Clicking "OK" applies
changes, then closes the properties dialog box. them. The
"Close" button simply closes the dialog box without applying
the latest changes.</p>
<p>The settings are grouped into the following categories:</p>
<ul><li><b>Account Fields:</b> sets which fields are displayed in
the account list of the main window.</li>
<li><b>Account Types:</b> sets which account types are displayed
in the main window.</li>
<ul>
<li><b>Account Fields:</b> sets which fields are displayed in
the account list of the main window.</li>
<li><b>Account Types:</b> sets which account types are
displayed in the main window.</li>
<li><b>General:</b> anything that doesn't fit anywhere
else.</li>
<li><b>International:</b> Options relating to date and time
display formats.</li>
<li><b>Register:</b> Options relating to the default appearance
of account registers.</li>
else.</li>
<li><b>International:</b> Options relating to date and time
display formats.</li>
<li><b>Register:</b> Options relating to the default
appearance of account registers.</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<hr><p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

123
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View File

@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>GNU General Public License</title>
@ -17,14 +18,14 @@
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 675
Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
<p> Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim
<p>Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim
copies of this license document, but changing it is not
allowed.</p>
</center>
<h3><a name="SEC001">Preamble</a></h3>
<p> The licenses for most software are designed to take away
<p>The licenses for most software are designed to take away
your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU
General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
share and change free software--to make sure the software is
@ -35,53 +36,53 @@
General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your
programs, too.</p>
<p> When we speak of free software, we are referring to
freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to
make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of
free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that
you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you
can change the software or use pieces of it in new free
programs; and that you know you can do these things.</p>
<p>When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom,
not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make
sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free
software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you
receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can
change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs;
and that you know you can do these things.</p>
<p> To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that
<p>To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that
forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to
surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain
responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the
software, or if you modify it.</p>
<p> For example, if you distribute copies of such a program,
<p>For example, if you distribute copies of such a program,
whether gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all
the rights that you have. You must make sure that they, too,
receive or can get the source code. And you must show them
these terms so they know their rights.</p>
<p> We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the
<p>We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the
software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal
permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software.</p>
<p> Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to
make certain that everyone understands that there is no
warranty for this free software. If the software is modified by
someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to know that
what they have is not the original, so that any problems
introduced by others will not reflect on the original authors'
<p>Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make
certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for
this free software. If the software is modified by someone else
and passed on, we want its recipients to know that what they
have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by
others will not reflect on the original authors'
reputations.</p>
<p> Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by
<p>Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by
software patents. We wish to avoid the danger that
redistributors of a free program will individually obtain
patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To
prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be
licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.</p>
<p> The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution
<p>The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution
and modification follow.</p>
<hr>
<h3><a name="SEC002">GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TERMS AND
CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION</a></h3>
<p> 0. This License applies to any program or other work which
<p>0. This License applies to any program or other work which
contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may
be distributed under the terms of this General Public License.
The "Program", below, refers to any such program or work, and a
@ -92,15 +93,15 @@
(Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the
term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".</p>
<p> Activities other than copying, distribution and
modification are not covered by this License; they are outside
its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted,
and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents
<p>Activities other than copying, distribution and modification
are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope.
The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the
output from the Program is covered only if its contents
constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having
been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends
on what the Program does.</p>
<p> 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the
<p>1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the
Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium,
provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on
each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of
@ -109,11 +110,11 @@
recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the
Program.</p>
<p> You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a
<p>You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a
copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in
exchange for a fee.</p>
<p> 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any
<p>2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any
portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and
copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms
of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these
@ -124,13 +125,13 @@
notices stating that you changed the files and the date of
any change.
<p> b) You must cause any work that you distribute or
publish, that in whole or in part contains or is derived from
the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at
no charge to all third parties under the terms of this
<p>b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish,
that in whole or in part contains or is derived from the
Program or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no
charge to all third parties under the terms of this
License.</p>
<p> c) If the modified program normally reads commands
<p>c) If the modified program normally reads commands
interactively when run, you must cause it, when started
running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way, to
print or display an announcement including an appropriate
@ -155,17 +156,17 @@
whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote
it.
<p> Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights
<p>Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights
or contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather,
the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution
of derivative or collective works based on the Program.</p>
<p> In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on
<p>In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on
the Program with the Program (or with a work based on the
Program) on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does
not bring the other work under the scope of this License.</p>
<p> 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based
<p>3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based
on it, under Section 2) in object code or executable form under
the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do
one of the following:</p>
@ -176,7 +177,7 @@
the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily
used for software interchange; or,
<p> b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least
<p>b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least
three years, to give any third party, for a charge no more
than your cost of physically performing source distribution,
a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding source
@ -184,7 +185,7 @@
above on a medium customarily used for software interchange;
or,</p>
<p> c) Accompany it with the information you received as to
<p>c) Accompany it with the information you received as to
the offer to distribute corresponding source code. (This
alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution
and only if you received the program in object code or
@ -192,7 +193,7 @@
b above.)</p>
</blockquote>
<p> The source code for a work means the preferred form of the
<p>The source code for a work means the preferred form of the
work for making modifications to it. For an executable work,
complete source code means all the source code for all modules
it contains, plus any associated interface definition files,
@ -204,7 +205,7 @@
system on which the executable runs, unless that component
itself accompanies the executable.</p>
<p> If distribution of executable or object code is made by
<p>If distribution of executable or object code is made by
offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering
equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place
counts as distribution of the source code, even though third
@ -220,7 +221,7 @@
licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full
compliance.
<p> 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you
<p>5. You are not required to accept this License, since you
have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission
to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works.
These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this
@ -230,16 +231,16 @@
conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the Program
or works based on it.</p>
<p> 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work
based on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a
license from the original licensor to copy, distribute or
modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions. You
may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients'
exercise of the rights granted herein. You are not responsible
for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License.</p>
<p>6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based
on the Program), the recipient automatically receives a license
from the original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the
Program subject to these terms and conditions. You may not
impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of
the rights granted herein. You are not responsible for
enforcing compliance by third parties to this License.</p>
<p> 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation
of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to
<p>7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of
patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited to
patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court
order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions
of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of
@ -253,12 +254,12 @@
License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the
Program.</p>
<p> If any portion of this section is held invalid or
<p>If any portion of this section is held invalid or
unenforceable under any particular circumstance, the balance of
the section is intended to apply and the section as a whole is
intended to apply in other circumstances.</p>
<p> It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to
<p>It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to
infringe any patents or other property right claims or to
contest validity of any such claims; this section has the sole
purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software
@ -273,7 +274,7 @@
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is
believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License.
<p> 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is
<p>8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is
restricted in certain countries either by patents or by
copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright holder who
places the Program under this License may add an explicit
@ -282,13 +283,13 @@
not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates the
limitation as if written in the body of this License.</p>
<p> 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or
<p>9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or
new versions of the General Public License from time to time.
Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present
version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or
concerns.</p>
<p> Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If
<p>Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If
the Program specifies a version number of this License which
applies to it and "any later version", you have the option of
following the terms and conditions either of that version or of
@ -297,7 +298,7 @@
you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
Foundation.</p>
<p> 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into
<p>10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into
other free programs whose distribution conditions are
different, write to the author to ask for permission. For
software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation,
@ -309,8 +310,8 @@
<h3><a name="SEC003">NO WARRANTY</a></h3>
<p> 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE
IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
<p>11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS
NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE
COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS
IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
@ -320,7 +321,7 @@
WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE
COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.</p>
<p> 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED
<p>12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED
TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO
MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE,
BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL,
@ -334,7 +335,7 @@
<h3>END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS</h3>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

49
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View File

@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Chart of Accounts and Account Numbering</title>
@ -11,14 +12,14 @@
<body>
<h1>Chart of Accounts</h1>
<p> Typically accounts are arranged as a tree, in hierarchical
<p>Typically accounts are arranged as a tree, in hierarchical
form.</p>
<p> The main branches represent entire categories or groups,
<p>The main branches represent entire categories or groups,
while the leaves of the tree denote individual bank accounts or
expense categories.</p>
<p> When a summary report is requested, typically only the main
<p>When a summary report is requested, typically only the main
branches are shown in the report, rather than the individual
accounts. For example, a chart of accounts might look like the
following:</p>
@ -38,47 +39,47 @@
: :
</pre>
<p> Note that accounts not only have names; they have <b>
codes,</b> in order to provide <em> order.</em> When a report
is generated, the <a name="SORTORDER"> sort order is determined
by the numbering.</a></p>
<p>Note that accounts not only have names; they have <b>
codes,</b> in order to provide <em>order.</em> When a report is
generated, the <a name="SORTORDER">sort order is determined by
the numbering.</a></p>
<p> A sensible hierarchy generally will have the "leaf"
accounts end in non-zero digits, whilst parent nodes have
increasing numbers of zeros. For instance, "cash" accounts
might logically be arranged thus:</p>
<p>A sensible hierarchy generally will have the "leaf" accounts
end in non-zero digits, whilst parent nodes have increasing
numbers of zeros. For instance, "cash" accounts might logically
be arranged thus:</p>
<ul>
<li>
Overall Assets: <tt> 100</tt>
Overall Assets: <tt>100</tt>
<ul>
<li>
Overall Cash: <tt> 110</tt>
Overall Cash: <tt>110</tt>
<ul>
<li>Cash in Wallet: <tt> 111</tt></li>
<li>Cash in Wallet: <tt>111</tt></li>
<li>Cash in Sock in Closet: <tt> 112</tt></li>
<li>Cash in Sock in Closet: <tt>112</tt></li>
<li>Cash in Mattress: <tt> 113</tt></li>
<li>Cash in Mattress: <tt>113</tt></li>
<li>Petty Cash Box: <tt> 114</tt></li>
<li>Petty Cash Box: <tt>114</tt></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
Overall Banking Assets <tt> 120</tt>
Overall Banking Assets <tt>120</tt>
<ul>
<li>Checking Account <tt> 121</tt></li>
<li>Checking Account <tt>121</tt></li>
<li>Savings Account <tt> 122</tt></li>
<li>Savings Account <tt>122</tt></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p> When you <a href="xacc-accwin.html">create a new
<p>When you <a href="xacc-accwin.html">create a new
account</a>, GnuCash offers a guess at what an appropriate
account code might be; you are free to change this. GnuCash
does not prevent duplicate numbering, although we would
@ -89,7 +90,7 @@
<h1>A Sample Chart of Accounts</h1>
<a name="SAMPLECHART"></a>
<p> A "typical" chart of accounts is shown below. Each
<p>A "typical" chart of accounts is shown below. Each
account is of a given <a href="xacc-acctypes.html">account
type</a>. This example is a combination of some typical
business and personal accounts.</p>
@ -369,7 +370,7 @@
</ul>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

29
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@ -2,14 +2,15 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>GnuCash Help Main Window</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1> User Documentation Overview</h1>
<h1>User Documentation Overview</h1>
For help on a specific topic:
<ul>
@ -27,7 +28,7 @@
<li><a href="xacc-date.html">Date Input</a></li>
<li><a href="xacc-apprdepr.html"> Depreciation and Capital
<li><a href="xacc-apprdepr.html">Depreciation and Capital
Gains</a></li>
<li><a href="xacc-currency.html">Foreign Currency
@ -61,22 +62,26 @@
<li><a href="xacc-expense.html">Using Income/Expense
Accounts</a></li>
<li><a href="xacc-globalprefs.html">Customizing Gnucash's Appearance</a></li>
<li><a href="xacc-accountedit.html">Changing Account Properties</a></li>
<li><a href="xacc-globalprefs.html">Customizing Gnucash's
Appearance</a></li>
<li><a href="xacc-accountedit.html">Changing Account
Properties</a></li>
</ul>
<h1> Extended Help/System Documentation</h1>
<h1>Extended Help/System Documentation</h1>
<p> The following documentation is about the <em>
implementation</em> of GnuCash as opposed to being <em> user
documentation</em> on how to <em> use</em> it.</p>
<p>The following documentation is about the <em>
implementation</em> of GnuCash as opposed to being <em>user
documentation</em> on how to <em>use</em> it.</p>
<p> Some of it represents preliminary documentation for
<p>Some of it represents preliminary documentation for
subsystems that are not yet sufficiently functional for use by
end users.</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="projects.html"> GnuCash Project Goals</a></li>
<li><a href="projects.html">GnuCash Project Goals</a></li>
<li><a href="xacc-print.html">Printing and Web
Serving</a></li>
@ -84,7 +89,7 @@
<li>
<a href="xacc-reports.html">Reports</a>
<p> The reporting subsystem is presently undergoing active
<p>The reporting subsystem is presently undergoing active
development; documentation should eventually include:</p>
<ul>

25
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@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Main Window</title>
@ -11,20 +12,20 @@
<body>
<h1>Main GnuCash Window</h1>
<p> This is the main account window. You control your set of
<p>This is the main account window. You control your set of
accounts from here.</p>
<p> Below is a picture of the main window, with only the main
accounts shown. Note how <b>Business Expenses</b> has been selected by
highlighting. The box with a cross in it,
immediately to its left, shows that it has one
or more detail accounts that are not shown at present.
To show them, click on this box.</p>
<p>Below is a picture of the main window, with only the main
accounts shown. Note how <b>Business Expenses</b> has been
selected by highlighting. The box with a cross in it,
immediately to its left, shows that it has one or more detail
accounts that are not shown at present. To show them, click on
this box.</p>
<p> <img src="contract.gif"><br>
<p><img src="contract.gif"><br>
</p>
<p> Here is the main window, with the detail accounts
<p>Here is the main window, with the detail accounts
showing.</p>
<p><br>
@ -32,7 +33,7 @@
</p>
<hr>
<p> The <tt>Open Subaccounts</tt> menu item is interesting only
<p>The <tt>Open Subaccounts</tt> menu item is interesting only
if you choose an account with sub-accounts (detail accounts).
Accounts with sub-accounts will always have a box on thier
left. By choosing the <tt>Open Subaccounts</tt> menu item, a
@ -44,7 +45,7 @@
smaller space. Because of its increased complexity, it use is
recommended only for accounting experts.</p>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

25
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View File

@ -1,20 +1,25 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Profit And Loss Statement</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Profit and Loss Statement</h1>
<p>This report summarizes your sources of income and expenditure.</p>
<p>There are currently no options for this report, but the option
to specify an accounting period will be added soon.</p>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
<body>
<h1>Profit and Loss Statement</h1>
<p>This report summarizes your sources of income and
expenditure.</p>
<p>There are currently no options for this report, but the
option to specify an accounting period will be added soon.</p>
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

119
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@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Printing Checks</title>
@ -11,87 +12,91 @@
<body>
<h1>Printing Checks</h1>
<p> You may print a GnuCash transaction as a check by selecting
<p>You may print a GnuCash transaction as a check by selecting
"Print Check" from the Transaction menu in a register display
window.
window.</p>
<p> In the Print Check dialog, select the style of check form that
you wish to use, the position of the check on the page, and the
format for printing the date on the check. Clicking <tt>OK</tt>
will take you to the <a href="xacc-print.html">GnuCash Printing
</a> dialog, which will allow you to preview the check, select a
printer and paper size, and start the print job.
<p>In the Print Check dialog, select the style of check form
that you wish to use, the position of the check on the page,
and the format for printing the date on the check. Clicking
<tt>OK</tt> will take you to the <a href="xacc-print.html">
GnuCash Printing</a> dialog, which will allow you to preview
the check, select a printer and paper size, and start the print
job.</p>
<h2>Check format</h2>
<p> In order to print a check, it is necessary to know where the
pre-printed lines and boxes are on the check form. There are two
widely-used standard check formats: Quicken/QuickBooks (tm)
compatible, and Microsoft Money (tm) compatible.
<p>In order to print a check, it is necessary to know where the
pre-printed lines and boxes are on the check form. There are
two widely-used standard check formats: Quicken/QuickBooks (tm)
compatible, and Microsoft Money (tm) compatible.</p>
<p> By default, the check format is <tt>Quicken/QuickBooks</tt>,
which prints to any Quicken-compatible check forms.
<p>By default, the check format is <tt>Quicken/QuickBooks</tt>,
which prints to any Quicken-compatible check forms.</p>
<h2>Custom Check Format</h2>
<p> If you wish to print to a type of check form that is not in
the <tt>Check Format</tt> option menu, select <tt>Custom</tt> in
the format menu and enter the positions of the various check
fields in the entry boxes below.
<p>If you wish to print to a type of check form that is not in
the <tt>Check Format</tt> option menu, select <tt>Custom</tt>
in the format menu and enter the positions of the various check
fields in the entry boxes below.</p>
<p> Positions in the Custom Check Format entry area are specified
with x = 0 at the left edge of the check with x increasing to the
right, and y = 0 at the bottom edge of the check with y increasing
as you travel up. Numbers may be entered as integer or floating
point values. The length units specified in the <tt>Units</tt>
option menu are used to interpret all values entered in the custom
check format area.
<p>Positions in the Custom Check Format entry area are
specified with x = 0 at the left edge of the check with x
increasing to the right, and y = 0 at the bottom edge of the
check with y increasing as you travel up. Numbers may be
entered as integer or floating point values. The length units
specified in the <tt>Units</tt> option menu are used to
interpret all values entered in the custom check format
area.</p>
<p> If you arrive at a working set of Custom Check Format
<p>If you arrive at a working set of Custom Check Format
parameters for a commercially-available printable check form,
please submit them to <tt>gnucash-devel@gnucash.org</tt> so we can
include them as standard in a future release.
please submit them to <tt>gnucash-devel@gnucash.org</tt> so we
can include them as standard in a future release.</p>
<h2>Check position</h2>
<p> Printable check forms are available in several styles. In
general, each printable sheet is divided into three sections, and
each section can be either a check or a stub. The Check Position
option menu allows you to select which section of the page
contains the check you wish to print to. <tt>Top</tt>,
<tt>Middle</tt>, and <tt>Bottom</tt> should be defined correctly
for check forms using the paper size that you select in the
printing dialog.
<p>Printable check forms are available in several styles. In
general, each printable sheet is divided into three sections,
and each section can be either a check or a stub. The Check
Position option menu allows you to select which section of the
page contains the check you wish to print to. <tt>Top</tt>,
<tt>Middle</tt>, and <tt>Bottom</tt> should be defined
correctly for check forms using the paper size that you select
in the printing dialog.</p>
<h2>Custom check position</h2>
<p> If the preset check positions do not work correctly for your
<p>If the preset check positions do not work correctly for your
check forms, you may choose <tt>Custom</tt> from the Check
Position option menu and enter a position for the check in the
<tt>Check Position</tt> entry. Enter the distance along the left
edge of the paper from the lower left-hand corner of the page to
the lower left-hand corner of the check. The units of this
measurement are those selected in the "Units" option menu.
<tt>Check Position</tt> entry. Enter the distance along the
left edge of the paper from the lower left-hand corner of the
page to the lower left-hand corner of the check. The units of
this measurement are those selected in the "Units" option
menu.</p>
<h2>Date format</h2>
<p> Select your preferred date format from the picker. The picker
shows a sample date of "December 31, 2000" for all formats, but
your date will be substituted when printing.
<p> The "MM/DD/YY" and "DD/MM/YY" formats are available, but they
are strongly discouraged since they cannot always be
distinguished from each other. Please use a format with a full
or abbreviated month name instead of a number.
<p>Select your preferred date format from the picker. The
picker shows examples using the date of <tt>December 31,
2000</tt> for all formats, but your date will be substituted
when printing.</p>
<p>The <tt>MM/DD/YY</tt> and <tt>DD/MM/YY</tt> formats are
available, but they are strongly discouraged since they cannot
always be distinguished from each other. Please use a format
with a full or abbreviated month name instead of a number.</p>
<h2>Custom date format</h2>
<p> If you wish to use another date format besides those available
in the picker, select <tt>Custom</tt> and enter a
date-formatting string in the <tt>Date Format</tt> entry in the
custom settings area. If custom date format is selected, this
string is passed to <tt>strftime(3)</tt> as a format specifier.
<p>If you wish to use another date format besides those
available in the picker, select <tt>Custom</tt> and enter a
date-formatting string in the <tt>Date Format</tt> entry in the
custom settings area. If custom date format is selected, this
string is passed to <tt>strftime(3)</tt> as a format
specifier.</p>
</body>
</html>

35
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@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Printing and Web Serving</title>
@ -11,33 +12,33 @@
<body>
<h1>Printing</h1>
<p> At present, the only type of printing directly supported by
GnuCash is <a href="xacc-print-check.html">check printing</a>.
Other types of printing are expected to be supported soon.
<p>At present, the only type of printing directly supported by
GnuCash is <a href="xacc-print-check.html">check printing</a>.
Other types of printing are expected to be supported soon.</p>
<p> You may create a printout of the register
window contents by opening a register window and selecting <tt>
Print... To File</tt> from the <tt>File</tt> menu.
<a href="xacc-reports.html">Reports</a> can also be
<a href="xacc-reports.html">exported as HTML</a>.
<p>You may create a printout of the register window contents by
opening a register window and selecting <tt>Print... To
File</tt> from the <tt>File</tt> menu. <a href=
"xacc-reports.html">Reports</a> can also be <a href=
"xacc-reports.html">exported as HTML</a>.</p>
<h1> GnuCash as Web Server</h1>
<h1>GnuCash as Web Server</h1>
<p> Following the latest fashionable trends of <b> Internet
<p>Following the latest fashionable trends of <b>Internet
Hype,</b> GnuCash can also act as a cheesy web server!</p>
<ul>
<li>From an open register window, select <tt>Print ... To
WWW</tt> from the <tt> File</tt> menu.</li>
WWW</tt> from the <tt>File</tt> menu.</li>
<li>Then aim your browser at <tt> http://localhost:1080/</tt>
or <tt> http://yourmachinename.com:1080/</tt>and you will see
<li>Then aim your browser at <tt>http://localhost:1080/</tt>
or <tt>http://yourmachinename.com:1080/</tt>and you will see
your register window.<br>
<br>
</li>
<li>But, remember, we said <em> cheesy;</em> in order to view
the page a second time, you have to <em> pick the menu item
<li>But, remember, we said <em>cheesy;</em> in order to view
the page a second time, you have to <em>pick the menu item
again</em> to "reload" things and allow prepare it for
another data dump.<br>
<br>
@ -45,7 +46,7 @@
</ul>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

146
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@ -45,40 +45,62 @@ of keeping up with what people want the program to do.
keep a Windows partition on their machine just so they can run Quicken
and the latest shoot-em-up games. So of course we want to give you a
way to suck all your Quicken data into GnuCash and remove one more
barrier to putting a nice ext2 filesystem on that Windows partition.
barrier to putting a nice <tt> ext2 </tt> filesystem on that Windows
partition.
<p>The problem is that GnuCash is a real double-entry accounting
system and Quicken has a pretty simplistic view about what an account
is, what a transaction is, and what to save in data files. In short,
QIF files just don't contain enough information to completely and
accurately reconstruct your Quicken account hierarchy in the GnuCash
double entry system without some guessing by the import code and some
hand-holding by you. QIF files omit small things that can be easily
guessed (for instance, are numbers in decimal-radix [1,000.00 == 1000]
form or European comma-radix form [1.000,00 == 1000]? Are dates m/d/y
or y/m/d?) and big things that can't be easily guessed, like, for
example, what currency the file is denominated in, or what account the
file describes.
is, what a transaction is, and, most critically, is severely flawed in its datamodel, that is, <em> what it saves in
data files.</em>
<p>For the most part, GnuCash's QIF importer does a good job of
figuring this stuff out, but you do have to keep an eye on it. The
system is designed so that you can correct problems BEFORE you make
changes to your GnuCash accounts; nothing is done to your GnuCash
accounts until you click the final "OK" button.
<P> Briefly, QIF files just don't contain enough information to
completely and accurately reconstruct your Quicken account hierarchy
in the GnuCash double entry system without some educated guessing by
the import code as well as some guidance, provided by you.
<ul>
<li> QIF files omit small things that may be fairly accurately inferred by
examining the data.
<P> For instance, are numbers in decimal-radix [1,000.00 ==
1000] form or European comma-radix form [1.000,00 == 1000]?
<P> Or are
dates <tt> m/d/y </tt> or <tt> y/m/d</tt>?
<Ll> More problematic are major things where there is little way of
guessing.
<P> For instance, determining the currency the file is denominated in.
<P> Or what <em> account </em> the file describes.
<p> GnuCash's QIF importer does a remarkably good job of guessing what
it can, but you <em> do </em> have to keep an eye on it. Fortunately,
the system is designed so that you can correct problems <em> before
</em> you changes are dropped into your GnuCash accounts. Nothing is
done to your GnuCash accounts until you click the final "OK" button.
<p>In the next section, I'll give an overview of the QIF file and
its "features". This may seem unnecessarily technical, but if you
will at least glance through it you will be much better able to
understand what's going on if you are having to jump through hoops to
make things work right, and how you might be able to jump right in and
edit the QIF file to fix really tough problems.
its "features". This may seem unnecessarily technical, but if you at
least glance through it you will be much better able to understand
what's going on if you are having to jump through hoops to make make a
problematic file work right, and how you might be able to jump right
in and edit the QIF file to fix really tough problems.
<p>There are two major "paths" for using the GnuCash QIF importer.
One is the "I am a Quicken user just migrating to GnuCash" path; the
other is the "I am downloading some updates from my bank as a QIF
file" path. This document mainly focuses on the former case, since
new users are likely to need the most help and you can't get started
using GnuCash until you can get your old records in.
<ul>
<li> One is the "I am a Quicken user just migrating to GnuCash" path.
<li> The other is the "I am downloading some updates from my bank as a
QIF file" path.
</uL>
<P> This document mainly focuses on the former case, since new users
are likely to need the most help and you really can't get started
using GnuCash until you can get your old records in. Fortunately,
once you learn to do the former, the latter should be a piece of cake.
<p><a href="#toc">Table of Contents</a>
@ -87,18 +109,19 @@ using GnuCash until you can get your old records in.
<p>QIF files are plain text files formatted as "tag-value" pairs.
At the beginning of each line there is a single character "tag"
followed immediately by the "value", which extends to the end of the
line. Don't be afraid to pop up a QIF file in "less" or the text
editor of your choice if you are having problems getting some Quicken
data imported correctly; chances are a simple search-and-replace will
fix just about any problem you might have with a QIF file. And a
regexp search-and-replace will get the rest.
line.
<P> Don't be afraid to pop up a QIF file using <tt> less </tt>
or the text editor of your choice if you are having problems getting
some Quicken data imported correctly; chances are a simple
search-and-replace can fix just about any problem you might have with
a QIF file. And a regexp search-and-replace will get the rest.
<p>Collections of tag-value pairs form records of various types.
There are records to store the names and descriptions of your accounts
and of expense and income categories that you have defined in Quicken.
There are records to define Quicken "classes" (sort of like
sub-accounts, sort of like categories, but not exactly like either).
And there are records to describe transactions.
And there are records to describe transactions.
<p>Here's a typical Quicken transaction record:
<pre>
@ -170,11 +193,12 @@ of all the $ fields in a transaction record should equal the T field.
<p>Note that nowhere in the transaction record, nor anywhere
else in the file, does Quicken store the name of the account that the
file describes. Don't ask me, I don't know why either. Microsoft
Money (which also can save QIF files) started doing a "trick" to get
the information in the file. If the very first Bank transaction in
the file has a payee of "Opening Balance", the L line contains the
name of the account that the file describes:
file describes. Don't ask me why not, I don't know either. Microsoft
Money (which also can save QIF files) uses a "trick" to get the
information in the file. If the very first Bank transaction in the
file has a payee of "Opening Balance", the L line contains the name of
the account that the file describes:
<pre>
!Type:Bank
D12/03/95
@ -184,36 +208,38 @@ name of the account that the file describes:
L[New Bank]
^
</pre>
<p>Opening Balance records are handled specially, since they don't
mean what they appear to mean (if you interpret the record literally,
as a transfer of $4706.57 from [New Bank] to [New Bank], your new
balance is a whopping $0.00). In the
<a href="#dialog-accounts">Accounts Tab</a> section there's a discussion
<p>Opening Balance records are handled specially, since they don't
mean what the data appear to indicate (if you interpret the record
literally, as a transfer of $4706.57 from [New Bank] to [New Bank],
your new balance is a whopping $0.00). In the <a
href="#dialog-accounts">Accounts Tab</a> section there's a discussion
of what we do with them.
<h3>Multi-account Quicken exports</h3>
<p>Quicken and some other programs who use QIF as an export format
<p>Quicken and some other programs who use QIF as an export format
know how to put the history of multiple accounts into a single QIF
file. They do this by prepending an "!Account" record before the
set of transactions to/from that account.
file. They do this by prepending an "!Account" record before the set
of transactions to/from that account.
<p>The QIF Importer should be able to handle these files fine.
You may notice that the "Default QIF Account" seems somewhat
arbitrary; for multiple-account exports, the guessed account is the
first one with an Opening Balance record. However, since Quicken
explicitly lists the account for every transaction in multi-account
exports, you aren't likely to get any transactions in the default
account other than those that are supposed to be there.
<p>The QIF Importer should be able to handle these files fine. You
may notice that the "Default QIF Account" seems somewhat arbitrary;
for multiple-account exports, the guessed account is the first one
with an Opening Balance record. However, since Quicken explicitly
lists the account for every transaction in multi-account exports, you
aren't likely to get any transactions in the default account other
than those that are supposed to be there.
<p><a href="#toc">Table of Contents</a>
<a name="how-to"><h2>How to use the QIF Import dialog</h2></a>
<p>The "Quick Start" guide: To load your files, click the "Select
..." button in the Files tab to find the file, then click the "Load
File" button at the bottom of the Files tab to actually load it.
Repeat this until all your files are loaded (read the explanation
<p>The "Quick Start" guide: To load your files, click the "Select ..."
button in the Files tab to find the file, then click the "Load File"
button at the bottom of the Files tab to actually load it.
<P>Repeat this until all your files are loaded (read the explanation
below to see why you should load all your files at the same time).
Check the Accounts and Categories dialogs and make corrections if
necessary. Then click the big OK button.
@ -230,7 +256,7 @@ will show up in multiple accounts. This means that if you aren't
smart about catching duplicate transactions you will end up with wrong
balances in GnuCash. Definitely a bad thing.
<p>In order to get the best possible replication of your Quicken
<p>In order to get the best possible replication of your Quicken
account tree, export everything you can from Quicken and then import
it all in one session, either as a single QIF file representing all
your accounts together or as a single file for each account. The
@ -240,7 +266,7 @@ currency, Quicken account name, and so on are right for each one. The
importer can do a really good job of catching cross-references (which
and marking them.
<p>The importer is written mostly in Guile, and it can be a little
<p>The importer is written mostly in Guile, and it can be a little
slow on large QIF files. Load File takes 5-6 seconds for a QIF file
with 1000 or so transactions on my machine.
@ -250,7 +276,7 @@ href="#dialog-categories">Categories tab</a>, and check that the
importer is going to put your Quicken transactions in the right place.
You can click to pop up a dialog and change the GnuCash destination
account name/type for any QIF account. Don't be afraid to change
these destination accounts; they are only guesses by the importer
these destination accounts; they are merely guesses by the importer
based on the name and type of the QIF account. Mappings of Quicken
account to GnuCash account are written to a preferences file when you
click "OK", so if you import other Quicken files describing these same
@ -453,7 +479,7 @@ point if someone tells me how it's supposed to work.
<a name="brokerage-accounts"><h3>Brokerage accounts</h3></a>
<p>Brokerage accounts are really confusing to me. Basically, my
<p>Brokerage accounts are really confusing to me. Basically, my
thinking is that the brokerage account itself should probably be a
Bank account. The only weirdness is in stuff like dividends paid from
securities to the brokerage account. If you're using a Dividend

67
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@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>A Guide for Former Users of Quicken</title>
@ -11,14 +12,14 @@
<body>
<h1>Quicken (TM) User's Guide</h1>
<p> Not all accounting systems use the same words to describe
<p>Not all accounting systems use the same words to describe
the same concepts. The following are some notes that may be
helpful to users accustomed to Intuit's products.</p>
<h1>Quicken Categories</h1>
<a name="QUICKENCATS"></a>
<p> What Quicken calls <tt>Categories</tt> are really just <a
<p>What Quicken calls <tt>Categories</tt> are really just <a
href="xacc-expense.html">Income/Expense accounts</a>. Thus, if
you are used to specifying a category in Quicken, just create
an income/expense account of the same name in GnuCash, and use
@ -29,33 +30,33 @@
Import Files (QIF). (Note: Only Quicken Version 3.0 QIF has
been formally tested so far.)
<p> Note that the QIF format is representative of a somewhat
<p>Note that the QIF format is representative of a somewhat
peculiar data model that is not as expressive as one might
wish; it requires dumping out a separate data file for each
account, rather than permitting you to have one file that
represents <em> all</em> of the accounts you might have had in
represents <em>all</em> of the accounts you might have had in
Quicken.</p>
<p> Furthermore, while there are plans to do so in the future,
<p>Furthermore, while there are plans to do so in the future,
there is not, at this point, a way of mapping the account or
category names used in Quicken to a <em> different</em> set of
category names used in Quicken to a <em>different</em> set of
account names that you might be using in GnuCash.</p>
<p> As a result, please read this section carefully. You may be
<p>As a result, please read this section carefully. You may be
somewhat disappointed with the results of a QIF import; this
will at least give you some more accurate expectations as to
what will happen.</p>
<h2> Creating QIF Files</h2>
<h2>Creating QIF Files</h2>
<p> To create a set of Quicken <tt>QIF</tt> files, perform the
<p>To create a set of Quicken <tt>QIF</tt> files, perform the
following procedure:</p>
<ul>
<li>
Start Quicken.
<p> It works on <a href="http://www.winehq.com/"> Wine,</a>
<p>It works on <a href="http://www.winehq.com/">Wine,</a>
Caldera's Wabi, and doubtless on VMWare, so this may not
forcibly require that you run Windows.</p>
</li>
@ -63,10 +64,10 @@
<li>
Select the account that you wish to export.
<p> Quicken can only export one account to each data file,
<p>Quicken can only export one account to each data file,
which means that if you have many accounts, this may prove
to be a somewhat tedious process. (On the other hand, it
should be a whole lot <em> less</em> tedious than entering
should be a whole lot <em>less</em> tedious than entering
the data from scratch.)</p>
</li>
@ -74,24 +75,24 @@
Choose the menu <tt>File</tt> and select the <tt>
Export...</tt> menu entry.
<p> This will provide a dialog that requests a filename,
<p>This will provide a dialog that requests a filename,
effective dates, as well as a series of checkboxes,
including <tt>Transactions</tt>, <tt>Accounts List</tt>,
<tt> Category List</tt>, and so forth.</p>
<tt>Category List</tt>, and so forth.</p>
<p> For best results, you should make sure that those three
<p>For best results, you should make sure that those three
are checked.</p>
<p> If you do <em> not</em> check the <tt>Accounts
List</tt> box, then the name of your account will likely be
lost, and that will cause problems when you try to import
the data into GnuCash later.</p>
<p>If you do <em>not</em> check the <tt>Accounts List</tt>
box, then the name of your account will likely be lost, and
that will cause problems when you try to import the data
into GnuCash later.</p>
</li>
</ul>
Now you have a set of <tt>.QIF</tt> files, and should run
GnuCash.
<h2> Loading QIF files into GnuCash</h2>
<h2>Loading QIF files into GnuCash</h2>
<ul>
<li>To import a Quicken QIF file, choose the menu <tt>
@ -105,22 +106,22 @@
</li>
</ul>
<h2> Things To Note About QIF Import</h2>
<h2>Things To Note About QIF Import</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<b> Duplicate Entry Scanning</b>
<b>Duplicate Entry Scanning</b>
<p> Note that during merge, a scan is made for duplicate
<p>Note that during merge, a scan is made for duplicate
transactions, and duplicates are removed. A duplicate
transaction is one where the date, description (payee),
memo, quantity, share price, and debited/credited accounts
or categories match <em> exactly.</em> Thus, the merge <em>
or categories match <em>exactly.</em> Thus, the merge <em>
should</em> be safe unless you have multiple transactions
on the same date, to the same account, for the same amount,
with the same description and memo.</p>
<p> This unfortunately <em> can</em> occur, the typical
<p>This unfortunately <em>can</em> occur, the typical
scenario involving where you make multiple withdrawals of
identical amounts from ATM machines on the same day.</p>
</li>
@ -140,32 +141,32 @@
</li>
<li>
<b> QIF Mark II</b> An ongoing project is to build an
<b>QIF Mark II</b> An ongoing project is to build an
alternative import utility in Guile that will be more
flexible, and which, by virtue of being stored as a set of
Scheme scripts, may be modified without needing to
recompile the whole application.
<p> At this point, it successfully parses <tt>QIF</tt>
<p>At this point, it successfully parses <tt>QIF</tt>
files; what remains is the (rather complex task) of
determine appropriate correspondences between the Quicken
<b> Categories</b> and the GnuCash equivalents. That is one
<b>Categories</b> and the GnuCash equivalents. That is one
of the most significant weaknesses with the present QIF
import scheme.</p>
</li>
<li>
<b> More about QIF</b>
<b>More about QIF</b>
<p> Further details about the QIF Interchange Format may be
found <a href=
<p>Further details about the QIF Interchange Format may be
found <a href=
"http://www.ntlug.org/~cbbrowne/financeformats.html#QIF">
here.</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

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@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Reconciliation Window</title>
@ -11,29 +12,29 @@
<body>
<h1>Reconciliation Window</h1>
<p> The Reconciliation window is used to reconcile cleared
<p>The Reconciliation window is used to reconcile cleared
transactions from a bank statement. Enter a dollar amount from
your last bank statement in the box, and then click <tt>
OK</tt> . The window will then show all unreconciled
transactions since your last bank statement. The reconcile
window looks like this:</p>
your last bank statement in the box, and then click <tt>OK</tt>
. The window will then show all unreconciled transactions since
your last bank statement. The reconcile window looks like
this:</p>
<p><br>
<img src="recnwin.gif"><br>
</p>
<p> The Reconciliation window is used to reconcile the user's
<p>The Reconciliation window is used to reconcile the user's
records at the end of the month. This involves validating the
transactions in GnuCash against the transactions indicated on
your bank statement.</p>
<p> For example, when you write a check for something, you
<p>For example, when you write a check for something, you
should enter the transaction into GnuCash.</p>
<p> At the end of the month, you receive your bank statement,
perhaps including canceled checks. At <em> that</em> point,
you should "reconcile" the account, that is, agree your
personal records to the documentation provided by the bank.</p>
<p>At the end of the month, you receive your bank statement,
perhaps including canceled checks. At <em>that</em> point, you
should "reconcile" the account, that is, agree your personal
records to the documentation provided by the bank.</p>
<ul>
<li>Open the reconcile window, and GnuCash will prompt you to
@ -48,13 +49,13 @@
<li>
Now, examine each item on the bank statement.
<p> If a check has cleared, as indicated by your bank
<p>If a check has cleared, as indicated by your bank
statement, you should click the field between the
description and payment fields, and it will then change
from <tt>n</tt> to <tt>c</tt>, indicating the transaction
has <b>c</b>cleared.</p>
<p> You then repeat this for each item that appears on the
<p>You then repeat this for each item that appears on the
bank statement, verifying that the amounts match with the
amounts in GnuCash, and marking off transactions in GnuCash
as they are reconciled.</p>
@ -83,16 +84,16 @@
unwise should pop up, but this doesn't seem to happen
anymore.</p>
<p> Also, the "cleared" total at the bottom seems to display
<p>Also, the "cleared" total at the bottom seems to display
<tt>$0.00</tt> regardless of what transactions are cleared or
reconciled.</p>
<p> The "cleared" total should display the total of only the
<p>The "cleared" total should display the total of only the
transactions that have been cleared (<tt>c</tt>) or reconciled
(<tt>y</tt>).</p>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

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@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Register Window</title>
@ -10,95 +11,122 @@
<body>
<h1>Register Window</h1>
<img src="regwin-single.gif">
<p> This is the "Register" or the "Ledger" window. Transactions are entered here.</p>
<p>To enter a new transaction, just type into the last blank transaction.
Use the mouse or the <a href="xacc-regwin_kbd.html">Register Keyboard Shortcuts</a>to move between fields, and hit the Enter key or click record to
record the transaction:</p>
<img src="regwin-single2.gif">
<p> Notice how a the transaction has been recorded and a new, blank
transaction has been created.</p>
<p>You can edit existing transactions in a similar manner. GnuCash
will prompt you to confirm any changes you make.</p>
<img src="regwin-single.gif">
<p>This is the "Register" or the "Ledger" window. Transactions
are entered here.</p>
<p>To enter a new transaction, just type into the last blank
transaction. Use the mouse or the <a href=
"xacc-regwin_kbd.html">Register Keyboard Shortcuts</a>to move
between fields, and hit the Enter key or click record to record
the transaction:</p>
<img src="regwin-single2.gif">
<p>Notice how a the transaction has been recorded and a new,
blank transaction has been created.</p>
<p>You can edit existing transactions in a similar manner.
GnuCash will prompt you to confirm any changes you make.</p>
<h1>Manipulating transactions</h1>
<p>You can manipulate transactions with the toolbar or the "Transaction"
menu:
<ul><li><b>Delete:</b> you can delete a transaction or an individual
split.</li>
<li><b>Cancel:</b> this reverts any changes you have made to the
transaction you are currently entering/changing</li>
<p>You can manipulate transactions with the toolbar or the
"Transaction" menu:</p>
<ul>
<li><b>Delete:</b> you can delete a transaction or an
individual split.</li>
<li><b>Cancel:</b> this reverts any changes you have made to
the transaction you are currently entering/changing</li>
<li><b>New:</b> this moves the cursor to the last line of the
register where new transactions are entered</li>
<li><b>Jump:</b> When placed over an existing transaction, it takes
you to the corresponding register entry in the other register entry
that this
transaction appears in</li>
<li><b>Transfer:</b>This is an alternative way to enter a transaction.
You can do a transfer between any two accounts without opening
up other registers.</li>
<li><b>Close:</b>Closes this register</li></ul>
register where new transactions are entered</li>
<li><b>Jump:</b> When placed over an existing transaction, it
takes you to the corresponding register entry in the other
register entry that this transaction appears in</li>
<li><b>Transfer:</b>This is an alternative way to enter a
transaction. You can do a transfer between any two accounts
without opening up other registers.</li>
<li><b>Close:</b>Closes this register</li>
</ul>
<h1>Viewing Transactions</h1>
<p>The register can show transactions in a variety of different
ways, controlled by entries on the "Register" menu.</p>
ways, controlled by entries on the "Register" menu.</p>
<p>The register can display transactions in several different
styles:</p>
<ul><li><b>single-line mode:</b> transactions are displayed on a single line.</li>
<li><b>double-line mode:</b> transactions are displayed over two lines,
with more information about each transaction shown.</li>
<li><b>multi-line mode:</b> transactions are displayed over multiple
lines, allowing the display of multiple entries. This allows you
to enter multi-split transactions (for instance, when you pay multiple bills with one check).</li>
<li><b>auto-single and auto-double modes</b> are like single and
double-line modes, except that the currently-edited transaction
is displayed in multi-line form. This is a very convenient way
of entering multi-account transactions.</li></ul>
styles:</p>
<p>To change the display style, to go the "Register" menu and select
"style".</p>
<ul>
<li><b>single-line mode:</b> transactions are displayed on a
single line.</li>
<li><b>double-line mode:</b> transactions are displayed over
two lines, with more information about each transaction
shown.</li>
<li><b>multi-line mode:</b> transactions are displayed over
multiple lines, allowing the display of multiple entries.
This allows you to enter multi-split transactions (for
instance, when you pay multiple bills with one check).</li>
<li><b>auto-single and auto-double modes</b> are like single
and double-line modes, except that the currently-edited
transaction is displayed in multi-line form. This is a very
convenient way of entering multi-account transactions.</li>
</ul>
<p>To change the display style, to go the "Register" menu and
select "style".</p>
<p>Existing transactions are normally displayed in date order,
but this can also be changed with "Sort Order". You can also
select a date rate from which transactions will be displayed
with "Date Range".</p>
<p>Existing transactions are normally displayed in date order, but
this can also be changed with "Sort Order".
You can also select a date rate from which transactions will be
displayed with "Date Range".</p>
<h1>Reconciliation</h1>
<p>Transactions are typically checked against bank statements - a
process known as "reconciliation". GnuCash keeps track of
the reconciliation status of each transaction.</p>
<p>The reconciliation status of a transaction is shown by the
reconciliation (R) field. 'c' indicates that a transaction
has been reconciled, 'n' indicates that it has not. You can
change the reconciliation status by clicking on a the 'r' field
of the transaction.</p>
<p> At the bottom of the account window, there are two running
<p>Transactions are typically checked against bank statements -
a process known as "reconciliation". GnuCash keeps track of the
reconciliation status of each transaction.</p>
<p>The reconciliation status of a transaction is shown by the
reconciliation (R) field. 'c' indicates that a transaction has
been reconciled, 'n' indicates that it has not. You can change
the reconciliation status by clicking on a the 'r' field of the
transaction.</p>
<p>At the bottom of the account window, there are two running
balances, the "cleared and reconciled" balance, and the "total"
balance... the "cleared and reconciled" balance should
correspond to how much money the bank thinks you have in your
account, and the "total" balance includes outstanding
transactions.</p>
<p> Reconciliation can be done in the <a href=
<p>Reconciliation can be done in the <a href=
"xacc-recnwin.html">Reconcile Window</a></p>
<h1>Stock Portfolios</h1>
<p> You can do stock transactions either from a single-stock
<p>You can do stock transactions either from a single-stock
window, or from a portfolio-view window, shown below.</p>
<p> <img src="foliowin.gif"><br>
<p><img src="foliowin.gif"><br>
<img src="foliowin-single.gif"></p>
<p> The portfolio ledger can seem a bit daunting at first
<p>The portfolio ledger can seem a bit daunting at first
sight.</p>
<p> If you have trouble understanding it, then you may wish to
<p>If you have trouble understanding it, then you may wish to
create an account for each stock you wish to track.</p>
<p> Some important points to remember about the portfolio
<p>Some important points to remember about the portfolio
window:</p>
<ul>
@ -106,14 +134,14 @@
It shows <em>all</em> stocks in your portfolio, not just
one.
<p> The share amounts shown are for each particular
<p>The share amounts shown are for each particular
stock.</p>
</li>
<li>
Note that it uses a two line display.
<p> Debited accounts and debited amounts are on the upper
<p>Debited accounts and debited amounts are on the upper
line, and credited amounts and accounts are on the lower
line.</p>
</li>
@ -141,7 +169,7 @@
window may be provided.</li>
</ul>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

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@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Reports</title>
@ -11,58 +12,87 @@
<body>
<h1>Reports</h1>
<p>A variety of financial reports can be selected on the "Extensions"
menu":
<ul><li><a href="xacc-balsheet.html">Balance Sheet:</a>shows Assets,
Liabilities and Equity.</li>
<li><a href="xacc-pnl.html">Profit And Loss State:</a>shows Income
and expenses over a selectable period <em>well, it will when
I get around to adding period support</em>
<li><a href="xacc-trans_report.html">Transaction Report</a>shows
transactions in an account, presented in a variety of ways.</li>
<li><a href="xacc-bal_tracker.html">Balance Tracker</a> tracks
the balance of one or more accounts over time, and supports
graphical output (if you have gnuplot installed).</li></ul>
<p>A variety of financial reports can be selected on the
"Extensions" menu":</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="xacc-balsheet.html">Balance Sheet:</a>shows
Assets, Liabilities and Equity.</li>
<li><a href="xacc-pnl.html">Profit And Loss State:</a>shows
Income and expenses over a selectable period <em>well, it
will when I get around to adding period support</em></li>
<li><a href="xacc-trans_report.html">Transaction
Report</a>shows transactions in an account, presented in a
variety of ways.</li>
<li><a href="xacc-bal_tracker.html">Balance Tracker</a>
tracks the balance of one or more accounts over time, and
supports graphical output (if you have gnuplot
installed).</li>
</ul>
<h1>The Report Window</h1>
Once you select a report, a report window will appear:
<p><img src="reportwin.gif"></p>
<p>The report is displayed in a resizable, scrollable window. To
control the report, you can use the toolbar buttons at the
top of the window:
<ul><li><b>Back</b> and <b>Forward</b> allow you to view the previous
contents of the window, just like a web browser</li>
<li><b>Parameters</b> pops up a dialog box allowing you to change the
information presented in the report:
<p><img src="report-option.gif"></p>
<p>See the help for the individual reports for details of options
available.</p></li>
<li><b>Export</b> allows you to export the contents of the report
as a HTML file for later viewing or printing.</li>
<li><b>Close</b> closes the report window.</li></ul>
<h1>Constructing custom reports</h1>
Once you select a report, a report window will appear:
It is possible to write your own reports to meet your own needs, if
you can program a little.
You will need to know Scheme (a LISP-like programming language),
and it is an excellent idea to have a copy of the Gnucash source code
available.
<P>The reporting interface is presently undocumented, but you can
get a good idea of how it works by examining the file
src/scm/report/hello-world.scm in the GnuCash source distribution.
<P>You will also need to access data from the "engine" to get
information for your report. This is performed by a set of Scheme
wrapper functions that are documented in the file src/g-wrap/gnc.html.
You may wish to examine some of the other reports in src/scm/report
for an indication of how they are used.
<P>At present, reports are produced by internally creating HTML and
rendering this with a HTML widget. (Future versions of GnuCash
will hopefully support a more flexible system).
<P>If you need more information, or have developed a new report that
may be of use to others, please contact the GnuCash development
mailing list at <a href="mailto:gnucash-devel@gnucash.org">gnucash-devel@gnucash.org</a>.
<p><img src="reportwin.gif"></p>
<p>The report is displayed in a resizable, scrollable window.
To control the report, you can use the toolbar buttons at the
top of the window:</p>
<ul>
<li><b>Back</b> and <b>Forward</b> allow you to view the
previous contents of the window, just like a web browser</li>
<li>
<b>Parameters</b> pops up a dialog box allowing you to
change the information presented in the report:
<p><img src="report-option.gif"></p>
<p>See the help for the individual reports for details of
options available.</p>
</li>
<li><b>Export</b> allows you to export the contents of the
report as a HTML file for later viewing or printing.</li>
<li><b>Close</b> closes the report window.</li>
</ul>
<h1>Constructing custom reports</h1>
It is possible to write your own reports to meet your own
needs, if you can program a little. You will need to know
Scheme (a LISP-like programming language), and it is an
excellent idea to have a copy of the Gnucash source code
available.
<p>The reporting interface is presently undocumented, but you
can get a good idea of how it works by examining the file
src/scm/report/hello-world.scm in the GnuCash source
distribution.</p>
<p>You will also need to access data from the "engine" to get
information for your report. This is performed by a set of
Scheme wrapper functions that are documented in the file
src/g-wrap/gnc.html. You may wish to examine some of the other
reports in src/scm/report for an indication of how they are
used.</p>
<p>At present, reports are produced by internally creating HTML
and rendering this with a HTML widget. (Future versions of
GnuCash will hopefully support a more flexible system).</p>
<p>If you need more information, or have developed a new report
that may be of use to others, please contact the GnuCash
development mailing list at <a href=
"mailto:gnucash-devel@gnucash.org">
gnucash-devel@gnucash.org</a>.</p>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

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@ -2,11 +2,12 @@
<html>
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content=
"text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<title>Stock Ticker</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
</head>
@ -33,36 +34,39 @@
<li>Select a quote source from the pull-down menu. Currently
supported quote sources include <b>Yahoo</b>, <b>Yahoo
Europe</b>, <b>Fidelity Investments</b>, <b>T. Rowe Price</b>,
the <b>Vanguard Group</b>, <b>the Australian Stock
Europe</b>, <b>Fidelity Investments</b>, <b>T. Rowe
Price</b>, the <b>Vanguard Group</b>, <b>the Australian Stock
Exchange</b> (ASX) and <b>TIAA-CREF</b>. Note that Yahoo will
provide price quotes for many mutual funds <i>including</i>
Fidelity, T.Rowe Price and Vanguard, and that the quoted prices
at Yahoo <i>should</i> be identical to those that may be found
at the source sites (otherwise, somebody's reporting wrong
information!). If you choose Yahoo Europe, you should append the
market code for the security, such as PA for Paris, BE for
Berlin, etc. Example: 12150.PA (a Peugeot security in the Paris
market).
Fidelity, T.Rowe Price and Vanguard, and that the quoted
prices at Yahoo <i>should</i> be identical to those that may
be found at the source sites (otherwise, somebody's reporting
wrong information!). If you choose Yahoo Europe, you should
append the market code for the security, such as PA for
Paris, BE for Berlin, etc. Example: 12150.PA (a Peugeot
security in the Paris market).</li>
<li>
Ensure that the currency of the account matches the source
of the stock you have selected. This means:
<li>Ensure that the currency of the account matches the source
of the stock you have selected. This means:
<ul>
<li>Quotes from the <b>Australian Stock Exchange</b> (ASX)
should be in Australian dollars (AUD).</li>
<li>Quotes from <b>Yahoo Europe</b> should be in Euros (ECU)</li>
<li>Quotes from the <b>Australian Stock Exchange</b>
(ASX) should be in Australian dollars (AUD).</li>
<li>Quotes from <b>Yahoo</b>, <b>Fidelity Investments</b>,
<b>T. Rowe Price</b> and the <b>Vanguard Group</b>
should be in US Dollars (USD).</li>
<li>Quotes from <b>Yahoo Europe</b> should be in Euros
(ECU)</li>
<li>Quotes from <b>Yahoo</b>, <b>Fidelity
Investments</b>, <b>T. Rowe Price</b> and the <b>Vanguard
Group</b> should be in US Dollars (USD).</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<table>
<caption>
Code list for European markets
Code list for European markets
</caption>
<tr>
@ -196,58 +200,82 @@
<caption>
Pseudo-symbols that can be used for TIAA-CREF quotes.
</caption>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Pseudo-symbol</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Stock</td>
<td>CREFstok</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Money Market</td>
<td>CREFmony</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Equity Index</td>
<td>CREFequi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Inflation-Linked Bond</td>
<td>CREFinfb</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bond Market</td>
<td>CREFbond</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>TIAA Real Estate</td>
<td>TIAAreal</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Social Choice</td>
<td>CREFsoci</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Teachers PA Stock Index</td>
<td>TIAAsndx</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Global Equities</td>
<td>CREFglob</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Teachers PA Select Stock</td>
<td>TIAAsele</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Growth</td>
<td>CREFgrow</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>A sample image is shown below:<br>
<img src="ticker-a.gif" alt="Sample Diagram"></p>
<img src="ticker-a.gif" alt="Sample Diagram"></p>
<p>To update the prices stored in a gnucash account file, run
the command line command <tt>gnc-price</tt>, specifying the
@ -279,10 +307,11 @@
<p>After running <tt>gnc-prices</tt> for a few days, your
accounts will begin to resemble the following:<br>
<img src="ticker-b.gif" alt="Later Ticker Listing"></p>
<img src="ticker-b.gif" alt="Later Ticker Listing"></p>
<hr>
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

51
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@ -1,33 +1,46 @@
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<head>
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>Transaction Report</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Transaction Report</h1>
<p>Transaction reports list details for transactions in a specified
account over a specified period, in a convenient format for
viewing and exporting.</p>
<p>Transaction reports list details for transactions in a
specified account over a specified period, in a convenient
format for viewing and exporting.</p>
<p>Options specifiable for this report include:</p>
<ul><li><b>Account:</b> the account to do the report on.</li>
<li><b>Date To and Date From:</b> the date range for the report
to cover.</li>
<ul>
<li><b>Account:</b> the account to do the report on.</li>
<li><b>Date To and Date From:</b> the date range for the
report to cover.</li>
<li><b>Primary Sort Key:</b> the field to sort on first.</li>
<li><b>Primary Sort Order:</b> the order in which to sort. "Ascending"
specifies smallest/largest, alphabetical ordering, earliest->latest,
or smallest amounts first. Descending produces the opposite effects.</li>
<li><b>Secondary Sort Key:</b> the field to sort on if the primary
sort keys are equal</li>
<li><b>Secondary Sort Order:</b> the ordering on which to sort the
secondary key.</b>
<li><b>Primary Sort Order:</b> the order in which to sort.
"Ascending" specifies smallest/largest, alphabetical
ordering, earliest-&gt;latest, or smallest amounts first.
Descending produces the opposite effects.</li>
<li><b>Secondary Sort Key:</b> the field to sort on if the
primary sort keys are equal</li>
<li><b>Secondary Sort Order:</b> the ordering on which to
sort the secondary key.</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>

33
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@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org">
<link rel="stylesheet" title="normal" type="text/css" href=
"gnucash.css">
<title>GnuCash Y2K Readiness</title>
@ -11,42 +12,42 @@
<body>
<h1>GnuCash Y2K Readiness</h1>
<p> GnuCash versions 1.1.25 and later store all dates as
seconds and nanoseconds, where the seconds are stored in a
64-bit signed integer. This should suffice to store dates into
both the distant past as well as the distant future, so long as
they fall not <em> too</em> many orders of magnitude outside
<p>GnuCash versions 1.1.25 and later store all dates as seconds
and nanoseconds, where the seconds are stored in a 64-bit
signed integer. This should suffice to store dates into both
the distant past as well as the distant future, so long as they
fall not <em>too</em> many orders of magnitude outside
cosmologists' estimations of the age of the universe.</p>
<p> The file format for version 1.1.25 and later stores dates
in the above-described fashion.</p>
<p>The file format for version 1.1.25 and later stores dates in
the above-described fashion.</p>
<p> Some internal routines use the <tt>time_t</tt> type to
<p>Some internal routines use the <tt>time_t</tt> type to
express seconds. Note that on most OSes, this is a 32-bit
quantity, and is thus limited to the Unix epoch, roughly
December 1901 thru Jan 2038. It is reasonable to expect that
<tt> time_t</tt> will migrate to the use of 64 bit values by
<tt>time_t</tt> will migrate to the use of 64 bit values by
that time.</p>
<p> Backup and log files are time-stamped using the standard
<p>Backup and log files are time-stamped using the standard
Unix <tt>ctime()</tt> routine, which takes a <tt>time_t</tt>
argument. Thus, the backup and log mechanism may experience
trouble in 2038, assuming your present Unix continues to be in
service at that time without any remediation.</p>
<p> Note that GnuCash also correctly recognizes February 29th,
<p>Note that GnuCash also correctly recognizes February 29th,
2000 as a "leap day," another of the "critical Y2K dates."</p>
<p> This is all highly suggestive that GnuCash should cope
<p>This is all highly suggestive that GnuCash should cope
reasonably well with the transition to the new millennium,
whether that take place in 2000 or in 2001...</p>
<p>Y2K issues are described in more detail at <a href=
"http://www.ntlug.org/~cbbrowne/linuxy2k.html"> Linux and Year
<p>Y2K issues are described in more detail at <a href=
"http://www.ntlug.org/~cbbrowne/linuxy2k.html">Linux and Year
2000.</a></p>
<hr>
<p> Return to <a href="xacc-main.html"> Main Documentation
<p>Return to <a href="xacc-main.html">Main Documentation
Page.</a></p>
</body>
</html>