chore: typo fixes (#16921)

Co-authored-by: zeertzjq <zeertzjq@outlook.com>

runtime/doc/builtin.txt

@@ -4920,8 +4920,8 @@ mkdir({name} [, {path} [, {prot}]])
 		unreadable for others.
 
 		{prot} is applied for all parts of {name}.  Thus if you create
-		/tmp/foo/bar then /tmp/foo will be created with 0700. Example: >
-			:call mkdir($HOME . "/tmp/foo/bar", "p", 0700)
+		/tmp/foo/bar then /tmp/foo will be created with 0o700. Example: >
+			:call mkdir($HOME . "/tmp/foo/bar", "p", 0o700)
 <		This function is not available in the |sandbox|.
 
 		If you try to create an existing directory with {path} set to
@@ -5596,12 +5596,12 @@ reg_executing()						*reg_executing()*
 
 reg_recorded()						*reg_recorded()*
 		Returns the single letter name of the last recorded register.
-		Returns an empty string string when nothing was recorded yet.
+		Returns an empty string when nothing was recorded yet.
 		See |q| and |Q|.
 
 reg_recording()						*reg_recording()*
 		Returns the single letter name of the register being recorded.
-		Returns an empty string string when not recording.  See |q|.
+		Returns an empty string when not recording.  See |q|.
 
 reltime([{start} [, {end}]])				*reltime()*
 		Return an item that represents a time value.  The item is a

runtime/doc/eval.txt

@@ -1451,7 +1451,7 @@ the function returns: >
 	:let Bar = Foo(4)
 	:echo Bar(6)
 <	5
-Note that the variables must exist in the outer scope before the lamba is
+Note that the variables must exist in the outer scope before the lambda is
 defined for this to work.  See also |:func-closure|.
 
 Lambda and closure support can be checked with: >

runtime/doc/options.txt

@@ -5646,7 +5646,7 @@ A jump table for the options with a short description can be found at |Q_op|.
 	Note regarding 'orphaned signs': with signcolumn numbers higher than
 	1, deleting lines will also remove the associated signs automatically,
 	in contrast to the default Vim behavior of keeping and grouping them.
-	This is done in order for the signcolumn appearence not appear weird
+	This is done in order for the signcolumn appearance not appear weird
 	during line deletion.
 
 

runtime/doc/pi_msgpack.txt

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ msgpack#type({msgpack-value})				*msgpack#type()*
 	Returns name of the key in |v:msgpack_types| that represents 
 	{msgpack-value} type.  Never returns zero: this function returns 
 	msgpack type which will be dumped by |msgpackdump()| should it receive 
-	a list with singe {msgpack-value} as input.
+	a list with single {msgpack-value} as input.
 
 msgpack#deepcopy({msgpack-value})			*msgpack#deepcopy()*
 	Like |deepcopy()|, but works correctly with |msgpack-special-dict| 

runtime/doc/syntax.txt

@@ -5406,7 +5406,7 @@ To test your color setup, a file has been included in the Vim distribution.
 To use it, execute this command: >
    :runtime syntax/colortest.vim
 
-Nvim uses 256-color and |true-color| terminal capabilities whereever possible.
+Nvim uses 256-color and |true-color| terminal capabilities wherever possible.
 
 ==============================================================================
 18. When syntax is slow						*:syntime*

runtime/doc/testing.txt

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ and for testing plugins.
 
 1. Testing Vim				|testing|
 2. Test functions			|test-functions-details|
-3. Assert funtions			|assert-functions-details|
+3. Assert functions			|assert-functions-details|
 
 ==============================================================================
 1. Testing Vim						*testing*

src/nvim/testdir/test_help.vim

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 " Tests for :help
 
 func Test_help_restore_snapshot()
@@ -109,4 +108,5 @@ func Test_help_long_argument()
   endtry
 endfunc
 
+
 " vim: shiftwidth=2 sts=2 expandtab

test/functional/lua/uri_spec.lua

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ describe('URI methods', function()
         eq('C:\\Foo\\Bar\\Baz.txt', exec_lua(test_case))
       end)
 
-      it('file path includes only ascii charactors with encoded colon character', function()
+      it('file path includes only ascii characters with encoded colon character', function()
         local test_case = [[
         local uri = 'file:///C%3A/Foo/Bar/Baz.txt'
         return vim.uri_to_fname(uri)