feat(lua): allow some viml functions to run in fast

This change adds the necessary plumbing to annotate functions in funcs.c
as being allowed in run in luv fast events.

runtime/doc/lua.txt

@@ -1038,6 +1038,8 @@ vim.fn.{func}({...})                                                  *vim.fn*
         Note: vim.fn keys are generated lazily, thus `pairs(vim.fn)` only
         enumerates functions that were called at least once.
 
+        Note: The majority of functions cannot run in |api-fast| callbacks with some
+        undocumented exceptions which are allowed.
 
                                                            *lua-vim-variables*
 The Vim editor global dictionaries |g:| |w:| |b:| |t:| |v:| can be accessed

src/nvim/eval.lua

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 --       Defaults to BASE_NONE (function cannot be used as a method).
 -- func  Name of the C function which implements the VimL function. Defaults to
 --       `f_{funcname}`.
+-- fast  Function can run in |api-fast| events. Defaults to false.
 
 local varargs = function(nr)
   return {nr}
@@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ return {
     hlID={args=1, base=1},
     hlexists={args=1, base=1},
     hostname={},
-    iconv={args=3, base=1},
+    iconv={args=3, base=1, fast=true},
     indent={args=1, base=1},
     index={args={2, 4}, base=1},
     input={args={1, 3}, base=1},

src/nvim/eval/funcs.h

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ typedef struct {
   uint8_t min_argc;  ///< Minimal number of arguments.
   uint8_t max_argc;  ///< Maximal number of arguments.
   uint8_t base_arg;  ///< Method base arg # (1-indexed), BASE_NONE or BASE_LAST.
+  bool fast;         ///< Can be run in |api-fast| events
   VimLFunc func;     ///< Function implementation.
   FunPtr data;       ///< Userdata for function implementation.
 } EvalFuncDef;

src/nvim/generators/gen_eval.lua

@@ -61,10 +61,11 @@ for _, name in ipairs(neworder) do
   local base = def.base or "BASE_NONE"
   local func = def.func or ('f_' .. name)
   local data = def.data or "NULL"
-  hashpipe:write(('  { "%s", %s, %s, %s, &%s, (FunPtr)%s },\n')
+  local fast = def.fast and 'true' or 'false'
-                  :format(name, args[1], args[2], base, func, data))
+  hashpipe:write(('  { "%s", %s, %s, %s, %s, &%s, (FunPtr)%s },\n')
+                  :format(name, args[1], args[2], base, fast, func, data))
 end
-hashpipe:write('  { NULL, 0, 0, BASE_NONE, NULL, NULL },\n')
+hashpipe:write('  { NULL, 0, 0, BASE_NONE, false, NULL, NULL },\n')
 hashpipe:write("};\n\n")
 hashpipe:write(hashfun)
 hashpipe:close()

src/nvim/lua/executor.c

@@ -916,12 +916,22 @@ int nlua_in_fast_event(lua_State *lstate)
   return 1;
 }
 
+static bool viml_func_is_fast(const char *name)
+{
+  const EvalFuncDef *const fdef = find_internal_func((const char *)name);
+  if (fdef) {
+    return fdef->fast;
+  }
+  // Not a vimL function
+  return false;
+}
+
 int nlua_call(lua_State *lstate)
 {
   Error err = ERROR_INIT;
   size_t name_len;
   const char *name = luaL_checklstring(lstate, 1, &name_len);
-  if (!nlua_is_deferred_safe()) {
+  if (!nlua_is_deferred_safe() && !viml_func_is_fast(name)) {
     return luaL_error(lstate, e_luv_api_disabled, "vimL function");
   }
 

test/functional/lua/vim_spec.lua

@@ -794,6 +794,20 @@ describe('lua stdlib', function()
           pcall_err(exec_lua, "vim.fn.nvim_get_current_line()"))
   end)
 
+  it('vim.fn can be called in fast events (if function is allowed)', function()
+    exec_lua([[
+      local timer = vim.loop.new_timer()
+      timer:start(0, 0, function()
+        timer:close()
+        assert(vim.in_fast_event())
+        vim.g.fnres = vim.fn.iconv('hello', 'utf-8', 'utf-8')
+      end)
+    ]])
+
+    helpers.poke_eventloop()
+    eq('hello', exec_lua[[return vim.g.fnres]])
+  end)
+
   it('vim.rpcrequest and vim.rpcnotify', function()
     exec_lua([[
       chan = vim.fn.jobstart({'cat'}, {rpc=true})