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VIM(1) VIM(1)
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NAME
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vim - Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
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SYNOPSIS
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vim [options] [file ..]
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vim [options] -
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vim [options] -t tag
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vim [options] -q [errorfile]
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ex
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view
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gvim gview evim eview
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rvim rview rgvim rgview
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DESCRIPTION
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Vim is a text editor that is upwards compatible to Vi. It can be used
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to edit all kinds of plain text. It is especially useful for editing
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programs.
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There are a lot of enhancements above Vi: multi level undo, multi win-
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dows and buffers, syntax highlighting, command line editing, filename
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completion, on-line help, visual selection, etc.. See ":help
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vi_diff.txt" for a summary of the differences between Vim and Vi.
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While running Vim a lot of help can be obtained from the on-line help
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system, with the ":help" command. See the ON-LINE HELP section below.
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Most often Vim is started to edit a single file with the command
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vim file
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More generally Vim is started with:
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vim [options] [filelist]
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If the filelist is missing, the editor will start with an empty buffer.
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Otherwise exactly one out of the following four may be used to choose
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one or more files to be edited.
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file .. A list of filenames. The first one will be the current
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file and read into the buffer. The cursor will be posi-
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tioned on the first line of the buffer. You can get to the
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other files with the ":next" command. To edit a file that
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starts with a dash, precede the filelist with "--".
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- The file to edit is read from stdin. Commands are read
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from stderr, which should be a tty.
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-t {tag} The file to edit and the initial cursor position depends on
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a "tag", a sort of goto label. {tag} is looked up in the
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tags file, the associated file becomes the current file and
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the associated command is executed. Mostly this is used
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for C programs, in which case {tag} could be a function
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name. The effect is that the file containing that function
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becomes the current file and the cursor is positioned on
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the start of the function. See ":help tag-commands".
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-q [errorfile]
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Start in quickFix mode. The file [errorfile] is read and
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the first error is displayed. If [errorfile] is omitted,
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the filename is obtained from the 'errorfile' option
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(defaults to "AztecC.Err" for the Amiga, "errors.err" on
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other systems). Further errors can be jumped to with the
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":cn" command. See ":help quickfix".
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Vim behaves differently, depending on the name of the command (the exe-
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cutable may still be the same file).
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vim The "normal" way, everything is default.
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ex Start in Ex mode. Go to Normal mode with the ":vi" command.
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Can also be done with the "-e" argument.
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view Start in read-only mode. You will be protected from writing
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the files. Can also be done with the "-R" argument.
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gvim gview
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The GUI version. Starts a new window. Can also be done with
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the "-g" argument.
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evim eview
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The GUI version in easy mode. Starts a new window. Can also
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be done with the "-y" argument.
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rvim rview rgvim rgview
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Like the above, but with restrictions. It will not be possi-
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ble to start shell commands, or suspend Vim. Can also be
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done with the "-Z" argument.
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OPTIONS
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The options may be given in any order, before or after filenames.
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Options without an argument can be combined after a single dash.
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+[num] For the first file the cursor will be positioned on line
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"num". If "num" is missing, the cursor will be positioned
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on the last line.
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+/{pat} For the first file the cursor will be positioned on the
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first occurrence of {pat}. See ":help search-pattern" for
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the available search patterns.
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+{command}
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-c {command}
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{command} will be executed after the first file has been
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read. {command} is interpreted as an Ex command. If the
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{command} contains spaces it must be enclosed in double
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quotes (this depends on the shell that is used). Example:
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Vim "+set si" main.c
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Note: You can use up to 10 "+" or "-c" commands.
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-S {file} {file} will be sourced after the first file has been read.
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This is equivalent to -c "source {file}". {file} cannot
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start with '-'. If {file} is omitted "Session.vim" is used
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(only works when -S is the last argument).
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--cmd {command}
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Like using "-c", but the command is executed just before
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processing any vimrc file. You can use up to 10 of these
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commands, independently from "-c" commands.
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-A If Vim has been compiled with ARABIC support for editing
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right-to-left oriented files and Arabic keyboard mapping,
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this option starts Vim in Arabic mode, i.e. 'arabic' is
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set. Otherwise an error message is given and Vim aborts.
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-b Binary mode. A few options will be set that makes it pos-
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sible to edit a binary or executable file.
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-C Compatible. Set the 'compatible' option. This will make
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Vim behave mostly like Vi, even though a .vimrc file
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exists.
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-d Start in diff mode. There should be two, three or four
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file name arguments. Vim will open all the files and show
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differences between them. Works like vimdiff(1).
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-d {device} Open {device} for use as a terminal. Only on the Amiga.
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Example: "-d con:20/30/600/150".
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-D Debugging. Go to debugging mode when executing the first
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command from a script.
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-e Start Vim in Ex mode, just like the executable was called
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"ex".
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-E Start Vim in improved Ex mode, just like the executable was
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called "exim".
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-f Foreground. For the GUI version, Vim will not fork and
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detach from the shell it was started in. On the Amiga, Vim
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is not restarted to open a new window. This option should
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be used when Vim is executed by a program that will wait
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for the edit session to finish (e.g. mail). On the Amiga
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the ":sh" and ":!" commands will not work.
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--nofork Foreground. For the GUI version, Vim will not fork and
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detach from the shell it was started in.
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-F If Vim has been compiled with FKMAP support for editing
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right-to-left oriented files and Farsi keyboard mapping,
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this option starts Vim in Farsi mode, i.e. 'fkmap' and
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'rightleft' are set. Otherwise an error message is given
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and Vim aborts.
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-g If Vim has been compiled with GUI support, this option
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enables the GUI. If no GUI support was compiled in, an
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error message is given and Vim aborts.
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-h Give a bit of help about the command line arguments and
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options. After this Vim exits.
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-H If Vim has been compiled with RIGHTLEFT support for editing
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right-to-left oriented files and Hebrew keyboard mapping,
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this option starts Vim in Hebrew mode, i.e. 'hkmap' and
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'rightleft' are set. Otherwise an error message is given
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and Vim aborts.
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-i {viminfo}
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When using the viminfo file is enabled, this option sets
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the filename to use, instead of the default "~/.viminfo".
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This can also be used to skip the use of the .viminfo file,
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by giving the name "NONE".
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-L Same as -r.
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-l Lisp mode. Sets the 'lisp' and 'showmatch' options on.
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-m Modifying files is disabled. Resets the 'write' option.
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You can still modify the buffer, but writing a file is not
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possible.
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-M Modifications not allowed. The 'modifiable' and 'write'
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options will be unset, so that changes are not allowed and
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files can not be written. Note that these options can be
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set to enable making modifications.
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-N No-compatible mode. Reset the 'compatible' option. This
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will make Vim behave a bit better, but less Vi compatible,
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even though a .vimrc file does not exist.
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-n No swap file will be used. Recovery after a crash will be
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impossible. Handy if you want to edit a file on a very
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slow medium (e.g. floppy). Can also be done with ":set
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uc=0". Can be undone with ":set uc=200".
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-nb Become an editor server for NetBeans. See the docs for
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details.
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-o[N] Open N windows stacked. When N is omitted, open one window
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for each file.
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-O[N] Open N windows side by side. When N is omitted, open one
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window for each file.
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-p[N] Open N tab pages. When N is omitted, open one tab page for
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each file.
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-R Read-only mode. The 'readonly' option will be set. You
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can still edit the buffer, but will be prevented from acci-
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dently overwriting a file. If you do want to overwrite a
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file, add an exclamation mark to the Ex command, as in
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":w!". The -R option also implies the -n option (see
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below). The 'readonly' option can be reset with ":set
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noro". See ":help 'readonly'".
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-r List swap files, with information about using them for
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recovery.
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-r {file} Recovery mode. The swap file is used to recover a crashed
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editing session. The swap file is a file with the same
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filename as the text file with ".swp" appended. See ":help
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recovery".
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-s Silent mode. Only when started as "Ex" or when the "-e"
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option was given before the "-s" option.
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-s {scriptin}
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The script file {scriptin} is read. The characters in the
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file are interpreted as if you had typed them. The same
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can be done with the command ":source! {scriptin}". If the
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end of the file is reached before the editor exits, further
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characters are read from the keyboard.
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-T {terminal}
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Tells Vim the name of the terminal you are using. Only
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required when the automatic way doesn't work. Should be a
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terminal known to Vim (builtin) or defined in the termcap
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or terminfo file.
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-u {vimrc} Use the commands in the file {vimrc} for initializations.
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All the other initializations are skipped. Use this to
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edit a special kind of files. It can also be used to skip
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all initializations by giving the name "NONE". See ":help
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initialization" within vim for more details.
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-U {gvimrc} Use the commands in the file {gvimrc} for GUI initializa-
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tions. All the other GUI initializations are skipped. It
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can also be used to skip all GUI initializations by giving
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the name "NONE". See ":help gui-init" within vim for more
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details.
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-V[N] Verbose. Give messages about which files are sourced and
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for reading and writing a viminfo file. The optional num-
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ber N is the value for 'verbose'. Default is 10.
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-v Start Vim in Vi mode, just like the executable was called
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"vi". This only has effect when the executable is called
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"ex".
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-w {scriptout}
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All the characters that you type are recorded in the file
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{scriptout}, until you exit Vim. This is useful if you
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want to create a script file to be used with "vim -s" or
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":source!". If the {scriptout} file exists, characters are
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appended.
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-W {scriptout}
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Like -w, but an existing file is overwritten.
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-x Use encryption when writing files. Will prompt for a crypt
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key.
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-X Don't connect to the X server. Shortens startup time in a
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terminal, but the window title and clipboard will not be
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used.
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-y Start Vim in easy mode, just like the executable was called
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"evim" or "eview". Makes Vim behave like a click-and-type
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editor.
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-Z Restricted mode. Works like the executable starts with
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"r".
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-- Denotes the end of the options. Arguments after this will
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be handled as a file name. This can be used to edit a
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filename that starts with a '-'.
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--echo-wid GTK GUI only: Echo the Window ID on stdout.
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--help Give a help message and exit, just like "-h".
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--literal Take file name arguments literally, do not expand wild-
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cards. This has no effect on Unix where the shell expands
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wildcards.
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--noplugin Skip loading plugins. Implied by -u NONE.
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--remote Connect to a Vim server and make it edit the files given in
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the rest of the arguments. If no server is found a warning
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is given and the files are edited in the current Vim.
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--remote-expr {expr}
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Connect to a Vim server, evaluate {expr} in it and print
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the result on stdout.
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--remote-send {keys}
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Connect to a Vim server and send {keys} to it.
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--remote-silent
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As --remote, but without the warning when no server is
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found.
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--remote-wait
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As --remote, but Vim does not exit until the files have
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been edited.
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--remote-wait-silent
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As --remote-wait, but without the warning when no server is
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found.
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--serverlist
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List the names of all Vim servers that can be found.
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--servername {name}
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Use {name} as the server name. Used for the current Vim,
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unless used with a --remote argument, then it's the name of
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the server to connect to.
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--socketid {id}
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GTK GUI only: Use the GtkPlug mechanism to run gvim in
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another window.
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--version Print version information and exit.
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ON-LINE HELP
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Type ":help" in Vim to get started. Type ":help subject" to get help
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on a specific subject. For example: ":help ZZ" to get help for the
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"ZZ" command. Use <Tab> and CTRL-D to complete subjects (":help cmd-
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line-completion"). Tags are present to jump from one place to another
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(sort of hypertext links, see ":help"). All documentation files can be
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viewed in this way, for example ":help syntax.txt".
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FILES
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/usr/local/lib/vim/doc/*.txt
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The Vim documentation files. Use ":help doc-file-list"
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to get the complete list.
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/usr/local/lib/vim/doc/tags
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The tags file used for finding information in the docu-
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mentation files.
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/usr/local/lib/vim/syntax/syntax.vim
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System wide syntax initializations.
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/usr/local/lib/vim/syntax/*.vim
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Syntax files for various languages.
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/usr/local/lib/vim/vimrc
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System wide Vim initializations.
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~/.vimrc Your personal Vim initializations.
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/usr/local/lib/vim/gvimrc
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System wide gvim initializations.
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~/.gvimrc Your personal gvim initializations.
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/usr/local/lib/vim/optwin.vim
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||||||
Script used for the ":options" command, a nice way to
|
|
||||||
view and set options.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
/usr/local/lib/vim/menu.vim
|
|
||||||
System wide menu initializations for gvim.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
/usr/local/lib/vim/bugreport.vim
|
|
||||||
Script to generate a bug report. See ":help bugs".
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
/usr/local/lib/vim/filetype.vim
|
|
||||||
Script to detect the type of a file by its name. See
|
|
||||||
":help 'filetype'".
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
/usr/local/lib/vim/scripts.vim
|
|
||||||
Script to detect the type of a file by its contents.
|
|
||||||
See ":help 'filetype'".
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
/usr/local/lib/vim/print/*.ps
|
|
||||||
Files used for PostScript printing.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For recent info read the VIM home page:
|
|
||||||
<URL:http://www.vim.org/>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SEE ALSO
|
|
||||||
vimtutor(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
AUTHOR
|
|
||||||
Most of Vim was made by Bram Moolenaar, with a lot of help from others.
|
|
||||||
See ":help credits" in Vim.
|
|
||||||
Vim is based on Stevie, worked on by: Tim Thompson, Tony Andrews and
|
|
||||||
G.R. (Fred) Walter. Although hardly any of the original code remains.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
BUGS
|
|
||||||
Probably. See ":help todo" for a list of known problems.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note that a number of things that may be regarded as bugs by some, are
|
|
||||||
in fact caused by a too-faithful reproduction of Vi's behaviour. And
|
|
||||||
if you think other things are bugs "because Vi does it differently",
|
|
||||||
you should take a closer look at the vi_diff.txt file (or type :help
|
|
||||||
vi_diff.txt when in Vim). Also have a look at the 'compatible' and
|
|
||||||
'cpoptions' options.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
2006 Apr 11 VIM(1)
|
|
@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
VIMDIFF(1) VIMDIFF(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
NAME
|
|
||||||
vimdiff - edit two, three or four versions of a file with Vim and show
|
|
||||||
differences
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SYNOPSIS
|
|
||||||
vimdiff [options] file1 file2 [file3 [file4]]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
gvimdiff
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
DESCRIPTION
|
|
||||||
Vimdiff starts Vim on two (or three or four) files. Each file gets its
|
|
||||||
own window. The differences between the files are highlighted. This
|
|
||||||
is a nice way to inspect changes and to move changes from one version
|
|
||||||
to another version of the same file.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
See vim(1) for details about Vim itself.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
When started as gvimdiff the GUI will be started, if available.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In each window the 'diff' option will be set, which causes the differ-
|
|
||||||
ences to be highlighted.
|
|
||||||
The 'wrap' and 'scrollbind' options are set to make the text look good.
|
|
||||||
The 'foldmethod' option is set to "diff", which puts ranges of lines
|
|
||||||
without changes in a fold. 'foldcolumn' is set to two to make it easy
|
|
||||||
to spot the folds and open or close them.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
OPTIONS
|
|
||||||
Vertical splits are used to align the lines, as if the "-O" argument
|
|
||||||
was used. To use horizontal splits instead, use the "-o" argument.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For all other arguments see vim(1).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SEE ALSO
|
|
||||||
vim(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
AUTHOR
|
|
||||||
Most of Vim was made by Bram Moolenaar, with a lot of help from others.
|
|
||||||
See ":help credits" in Vim.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
2001 March 30 VIMDIFF(1)
|
|
@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
VIMTUTOR(1) VIMTUTOR(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
NAME
|
|
||||||
vimtutor - the Vim tutor
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SYNOPSIS
|
|
||||||
vimtutor [-g] [language]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
DESCRIPTION
|
|
||||||
Vimtutor starts the Vim tutor. It copies the tutor file first, so that
|
|
||||||
it can be modified without changing the original file.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The Vimtutor is useful for people that want to learn their first Vim
|
|
||||||
commands.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The optional argument -g starts vimtutor with gvim rather than vim, if
|
|
||||||
the GUI version of vim is available, or falls back to Vim if gvim is
|
|
||||||
not found.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The optional [language] argument is the two-letter name of a language,
|
|
||||||
like "it" or "es". If the [language] argument is missing, the language
|
|
||||||
of the current locale will be used. If a tutor in this language is
|
|
||||||
available, it will be used. Otherwise the English version will be
|
|
||||||
used.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Vim is always started in Vi compatible mode.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
FILES
|
|
||||||
/usr/local/lib/vim/tutor/tutor[.language]
|
|
||||||
The Vimtutor text file(s).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
/usr/local/lib/vim/tutor/tutor.vim
|
|
||||||
The Vim script used to copy the Vimtutor text file.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
AUTHOR
|
|
||||||
The Vimtutor was originally written for Vi by Michael C. Pierce and
|
|
||||||
Robert K. Ware, Colorado School of Mines using ideas supplied by
|
|
||||||
Charles Smith, Colorado State University. E-mail: bware@mines.col‐
|
|
||||||
orado.edu.
|
|
||||||
It was modified for Vim by Bram Moolenaar. For the names of the trans‐
|
|
||||||
lators see the tutor files.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SEE ALSO
|
|
||||||
vim(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
2001 April 2 VIMTUTOR(1)
|
|
@ -1,262 +0,0 @@
|
|||||||
XXD(1) XXD(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
NAME
|
|
||||||
xxd - make a hexdump or do the reverse.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SYNOPSIS
|
|
||||||
xxd -h[elp]
|
|
||||||
xxd [options] [infile [outfile]]
|
|
||||||
xxd -r[evert] [options] [infile [outfile]]
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
DESCRIPTION
|
|
||||||
xxd creates a hex dump of a given file or standard input. It can also
|
|
||||||
convert a hex dump back to its original binary form. Like uuencode(1)
|
|
||||||
and uudecode(1) it allows the transmission of binary data in a `mail-
|
|
||||||
safe' ASCII representation, but has the advantage of decoding to stan-
|
|
||||||
dard output. Moreover, it can be used to perform binary file patching.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
OPTIONS
|
|
||||||
If no infile is given, standard input is read. If infile is specified
|
|
||||||
as a `-' character, then input is taken from standard input. If no
|
|
||||||
outfile is given (or a `-' character is in its place), results are sent
|
|
||||||
to standard output.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note that a "lazy" parser is used which does not check for more than
|
|
||||||
the first option letter, unless the option is followed by a parameter.
|
|
||||||
Spaces between a single option letter and its parameter are optional.
|
|
||||||
Parameters to options can be specified in decimal, hexadecimal or octal
|
|
||||||
notation. Thus -c8, -c 8, -c 010 and -cols 8 are all equivalent.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-a | -autoskip
|
|
||||||
toggle autoskip: A single '*' replaces nul-lines. Default off.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-b | -bits
|
|
||||||
Switch to bits (binary digits) dump, rather than hexdump. This
|
|
||||||
option writes octets as eight digits "1"s and "0"s instead of a
|
|
||||||
normal hexadecimal dump. Each line is preceded by a line number
|
|
||||||
in hexadecimal and followed by an ascii (or ebcdic) representa-
|
|
||||||
tion. The command line switches -r, -p, -i do not work with this
|
|
||||||
mode.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-c cols | -cols cols
|
|
||||||
format <cols> octets per line. Default 16 (-i: 12, -ps: 30, -b:
|
|
||||||
6). Max 256.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-E | -EBCDIC
|
|
||||||
Change the character encoding in the righthand column from ASCII
|
|
||||||
to EBCDIC. This does not change the hexadecimal representation.
|
|
||||||
The option is meaningless in combinations with -r, -p or -i.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-g bytes | -groupsize bytes
|
|
||||||
separate the output of every <bytes> bytes (two hex characters
|
|
||||||
or eight bit-digits each) by a whitespace. Specify -g 0 to sup-
|
|
||||||
press grouping. <Bytes> defaults to 2 in normal mode and 1 in
|
|
||||||
bits mode. Grouping does not apply to postscript or include
|
|
||||||
style.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-h | -help
|
|
||||||
print a summary of available commands and exit. No hex dumping
|
|
||||||
is performed.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-i | -include
|
|
||||||
output in C include file style. A complete static array defini-
|
|
||||||
tion is written (named after the input file), unless xxd reads
|
|
||||||
from stdin.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-l len | -len len
|
|
||||||
stop after writing <len> octets.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-p | -ps | -postscript | -plain
|
|
||||||
output in postscript continuous hexdump style. Also known as
|
|
||||||
plain hexdump style.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-r | -revert
|
|
||||||
reverse operation: convert (or patch) hexdump into binary. If
|
|
||||||
not writing to stdout, xxd writes into its output file without
|
|
||||||
truncating it. Use the combination -r -p to read plain hexadeci-
|
|
||||||
mal dumps without line number information and without a particu-
|
|
||||||
lar column layout. Additional Whitespace and line-breaks are
|
|
||||||
allowed anywhere.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-seek offset
|
|
||||||
When used after -r: revert with <offset> added to file positions
|
|
||||||
found in hexdump.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-s [+][-]seek
|
|
||||||
start at <seek> bytes abs. (or rel.) infile offset. + indicates
|
|
||||||
that the seek is relative to the current stdin file position
|
|
||||||
(meaningless when not reading from stdin). - indicates that the
|
|
||||||
seek should be that many characters from the end of the input
|
|
||||||
(or if combined with +: before the current stdin file position).
|
|
||||||
Without -s option, xxd starts at the current file position.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-u use upper case hex letters. Default is lower case.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-v | -version
|
|
||||||
show version string.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
CAVEATS
|
|
||||||
xxd -r has some builtin magic while evaluating line number information.
|
|
||||||
If the output file is seekable, then the linenumbers at the start of
|
|
||||||
each hexdump line may be out of order, lines may be missing, or over-
|
|
||||||
lapping. In these cases xxd will lseek(2) to the next position. If the
|
|
||||||
output file is not seekable, only gaps are allowed, which will be
|
|
||||||
filled by null-bytes.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
xxd -r never generates parse errors. Garbage is silently skipped.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
When editing hexdumps, please note that xxd -r skips everything on the
|
|
||||||
input line after reading enough columns of hexadecimal data (see option
|
|
||||||
-c). This also means, that changes to the printable ascii (or ebcdic)
|
|
||||||
columns are always ignored. Reverting a plain (or postscript) style
|
|
||||||
hexdump with xxd -r -p does not depend on the correct number of col-
|
|
||||||
umns. Here anything that looks like a pair of hex-digits is inter-
|
|
||||||
preted.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Note the difference between
|
|
||||||
% xxd -i file
|
|
||||||
and
|
|
||||||
% xxd -i < file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
xxd -s +seek may be different from xxd -s seek, as lseek(2) is used to
|
|
||||||
"rewind" input. A '+' makes a difference if the input source is stdin,
|
|
||||||
and if stdin's file position is not at the start of the file by the
|
|
||||||
time xxd is started and given its input. The following examples may
|
|
||||||
help to clarify (or further confuse!)...
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Rewind stdin before reading; needed because the `cat' has already read
|
|
||||||
to the end of stdin.
|
|
||||||
% sh -c "cat > plain_copy; xxd -s 0 > hex_copy" < file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Hexdump from file position 0x480 (=1024+128) onwards. The `+' sign
|
|
||||||
means "relative to the current position", thus the `128' adds to the 1k
|
|
||||||
where dd left off.
|
|
||||||
% sh -c "dd of=plain_snippet bs=1k count=1; xxd -s +128 > hex_snippet"
|
|
||||||
< file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Hexdump from file position 0x100 ( = 1024-768) on.
|
|
||||||
% sh -c "dd of=plain_snippet bs=1k count=1; xxd -s +-768 > hex_snippet"
|
|
||||||
< file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
However, this is a rare situation and the use of `+' is rarely needed.
|
|
||||||
The author prefers to monitor the effect of xxd with strace(1) or
|
|
||||||
truss(1), whenever -s is used.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
EXAMPLES
|
|
||||||
Print everything but the first three lines (hex 0x30 bytes) of file.
|
|
||||||
% xxd -s 0x30 file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Print 3 lines (hex 0x30 bytes) from the end of file.
|
|
||||||
% xxd -s -0x30 file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Print 120 bytes as continuous hexdump with 20 octets per line.
|
|
||||||
% xxd -l 120 -ps -c 20 xxd.1
|
|
||||||
2e54482058584420312022417567757374203139
|
|
||||||
39362220224d616e75616c207061676520666f72
|
|
||||||
20787864220a2e5c220a2e5c222032317374204d
|
|
||||||
617920313939360a2e5c22204d616e2070616765
|
|
||||||
20617574686f723a0a2e5c2220202020546f6e79
|
|
||||||
204e7567656e74203c746f6e79407363746e7567
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Hexdump the first 120 bytes of this man page with 12 octets per line.
|
|
||||||
% xxd -l 120 -c 12 xxd.1
|
|
||||||
0000000: 2e54 4820 5858 4420 3120 2241 .TH XXD 1 "A
|
|
||||||
000000c: 7567 7573 7420 3139 3936 2220 ugust 1996"
|
|
||||||
0000018: 224d 616e 7561 6c20 7061 6765 "Manual page
|
|
||||||
0000024: 2066 6f72 2078 7864 220a 2e5c for xxd"..\
|
|
||||||
0000030: 220a 2e5c 2220 3231 7374 204d "..\" 21st M
|
|
||||||
000003c: 6179 2031 3939 360a 2e5c 2220 ay 1996..\"
|
|
||||||
0000048: 4d61 6e20 7061 6765 2061 7574 Man page aut
|
|
||||||
0000054: 686f 723a 0a2e 5c22 2020 2020 hor:..\"
|
|
||||||
0000060: 546f 6e79 204e 7567 656e 7420 Tony Nugent
|
|
||||||
000006c: 3c74 6f6e 7940 7363 746e 7567 <tony@sctnug
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Display just the date from the file xxd.1
|
|
||||||
% xxd -s 0x36 -l 13 -c 13 xxd.1
|
|
||||||
0000036: 3231 7374 204d 6179 2031 3939 36 21st May 1996
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Copy input_file to output_file and prepend 100 bytes of value 0x00.
|
|
||||||
% xxd input_file | xxd -r -s 100 > output_file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Patch the date in the file xxd.1
|
|
||||||
% echo "0000037: 3574 68" | xxd -r - xxd.1
|
|
||||||
% xxd -s 0x36 -l 13 -c 13 xxd.1
|
|
||||||
0000036: 3235 7468 204d 6179 2031 3939 36 25th May 1996
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Create a 65537 byte file with all bytes 0x00, except for the last one
|
|
||||||
which is 'A' (hex 0x41).
|
|
||||||
% echo "010000: 41" | xxd -r > file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Hexdump this file with autoskip.
|
|
||||||
% xxd -a -c 12 file
|
|
||||||
0000000: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ............
|
|
||||||
*
|
|
||||||
000fffc: 0000 0000 40 ....A
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Create a 1 byte file containing a single 'A' character. The number
|
|
||||||
after '-r -s' adds to the linenumbers found in the file; in effect, the
|
|
||||||
leading bytes are suppressed.
|
|
||||||
% echo "010000: 41" | xxd -r -s -0x10000 > file
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Use xxd as a filter within an editor such as vim(1) to hexdump a region
|
|
||||||
marked between `a' and `z'.
|
|
||||||
:'a,'z!xxd
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Use xxd as a filter within an editor such as vim(1) to recover a binary
|
|
||||||
hexdump marked between `a' and `z'.
|
|
||||||
:'a,'z!xxd -r
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Use xxd as a filter within an editor such as vim(1) to recover one line
|
|
||||||
of a hexdump. Move the cursor over the line and type:
|
|
||||||
!!xxd -r
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Read single characters from a serial line
|
|
||||||
% xxd -c1 < /dev/term/b &
|
|
||||||
% stty < /dev/term/b -echo -opost -isig -icanon min 1
|
|
||||||
% echo -n foo > /dev/term/b
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
RETURN VALUES
|
|
||||||
The following error values are returned:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
0 no errors encountered.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
-1 operation not supported ( xxd -r -i still impossible).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
1 error while parsing options.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
2 problems with input file.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
3 problems with output file.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
4,5 desired seek position is unreachable.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
SEE ALSO
|
|
||||||
uuencode(1), uudecode(1), patch(1)
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
WARNINGS
|
|
||||||
The tools weirdness matches its creators brain. Use entirely at your
|
|
||||||
own risk. Copy files. Trace it. Become a wizard.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
VERSION
|
|
||||||
This manual page documents xxd version 1.7
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
AUTHOR
|
|
||||||
(c) 1990-1997 by Juergen Weigert
|
|
||||||
<jnweiger@informatik.uni-erlangen.de>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Distribute freely and credit me,
|
|
||||||
make money and share with me,
|
|
||||||
lose money and don't ask me.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Manual page started by Tony Nugent
|
|
||||||
<tony@sctnugen.ppp.gu.edu.au> <T.Nugent@sct.gu.edu.au>
|
|
||||||
Small changes by Bram Moolenaar. Edited by Juergen Weigert.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Manual page for xxd August 1996 XXD(1)
|
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user