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<section id="high-availability-and-failure-domains">
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<h1>High Availability and Failure Domains<a class="headerlink" href="#high-availability-and-failure-domains" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h1>
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<p>This page describes a practical active/backup model for LibreQoS.</p>
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<section id="scope-and-assumptions">
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<h2>Scope and Assumptions<a class="headerlink" href="#scope-and-assumptions" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li><p>This page covers LibreQoS high availability as an active/backup design.</p></li>
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<li><p>Failover should be controlled by dynamic routing (for example OSPF or BGP).</p></li>
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<li><p>Hardware and router vendors are intentionally not prescribed.</p></li>
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<li><p>Insight-specific high availability guidance is out of scope for this page.</p></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="active-backup-ha-model">
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<h2>Active/Backup HA Model<a class="headerlink" href="#active-backup-ha-model" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
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<p>One path is active (preferred), and one path is backup (standby). Routing policy controls path selection and failover.</p>
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</section>
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<section id="ospf-example-primary-cost-1-backup-cost-100">
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<h2>OSPF Example (Primary Cost 1, Backup Cost 100)<a class="headerlink" href="#ospf-example-primary-cost-1-backup-cost-100" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
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<p>Use OSPF interface cost to prefer the active path.</p>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li><p>Primary LibreQoS path: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ip</span> <span class="pre">ospf</span> <span class="pre">cost</span> <span class="pre">1</span></code></p></li>
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<li><p>Backup LibreQoS path: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ip</span> <span class="pre">ospf</span> <span class="pre">cost</span> <span class="pre">100</span></code></p></li>
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</ul>
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<p>Conceptual result:</p>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li><p>Normal state: traffic uses the primary path because cost <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> is lower than <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">100</span></code>.</p></li>
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<li><p>Failure state: if the primary path/router goes down, OSPF converges and traffic uses the backup path.</p></li>
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<li><p>Recovery state: after the primary is healthy again, traffic returns to primary based on lower cost.</p></li>
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</ul>
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<p>Example policy intent:</p>
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<ol class="arabic simple">
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<li><p>Keep both paths up and routable at all times.</p></li>
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<li><p>Ensure backup has enough capacity for expected peak load.</p></li>
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<li><p>Test failover and failback during maintenance windows.</p></li>
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</ol>
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</section>
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<section id="bgp-equivalent-if-you-use-bgp-instead-of-ospf">
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<h2>BGP Equivalent (If You Use BGP Instead of OSPF)<a class="headerlink" href="#bgp-equivalent-if-you-use-bgp-instead-of-ospf" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
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<p>If you run BGP, use standard preference controls to make one path primary and one backup (for example local preference, MED, or AS path prepending based on your design). Keep policy deterministic and documented.</p>
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</section>
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<section id="recovery-and-failback-conceptual-runbook">
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<h2>Recovery and Failback (Conceptual Runbook)<a class="headerlink" href="#recovery-and-failback-conceptual-runbook" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
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<ol class="arabic simple">
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<li><p>Confirm whether failover occurred (routing table/path checks).</p></li>
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<li><p>Verify customer traffic is flowing on backup path.</p></li>
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<li><p>Repair the failed primary path.</p></li>
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<li><p>Validate primary path health.</p></li>
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<li><p>Return route preference to normal (primary preferred).</p></li>
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<li><p>Verify traffic has returned to primary and performance is stable.</p></li>
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</ol>
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</section>
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<section id="planned-maintenance-conceptual-procedure">
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<h2>Planned Maintenance (Conceptual Procedure)<a class="headerlink" href="#planned-maintenance-conceptual-procedure" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
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<ol class="arabic simple">
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<li><p>Announce window and success criteria.</p></li>
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<li><p>Confirm backup path health and capacity.</p></li>
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<li><p>Shift traffic to backup using routing policy.</p></li>
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<li><p>Perform maintenance on former active path.</p></li>
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<li><p>Validate repaired path.</p></li>
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<li><p>Optionally return traffic to normal active state.</p></li>
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<li><p>Close window with post-change validation notes.</p></li>
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</ol>
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</section>
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<section id="ha-readiness-checklist">
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<h2>HA Readiness Checklist<a class="headerlink" href="#ha-readiness-checklist" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li><p>Dynamic routing is deployed and documented.</p></li>
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<li><p>Active/backup preferences are explicit and tested.</p></li>
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<li><p>Monitoring and alerting cover both paths and key dependencies.</p></li>
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<li><p>On-call runbook includes failover and failback steps.</p></li>
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<li><p>Regular drill cadence exists (for example quarterly failover tests).</p></li>
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<li><p>Capacity on backup path is validated for realistic peak load.</p></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section id="known-limits">
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<h2>Known Limits<a class="headerlink" href="#known-limits" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li><p>High availability depends on surrounding network design quality.</p></li>
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<li><p>Dynamic routing convergence is not zero-time.</p></li>
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<li><p>Misconfigured policy can cause asymmetric or unstable failover behavior.</p></li>
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<li><p>HA does not replace backups or operational discipline.</p></li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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