diff --git a/db/structure.sql b/db/structure.sql
index b3e29002634..2169b8ffa09 100644
--- a/db/structure.sql
+++ b/db/structure.sql
@@ -24410,6 +24410,7 @@ SET search_path TO "$user", public;
 INSERT INTO "schema_migrations" (version) VALUES
 ('20260904065041'),
 ('20260904063128'),
+('20260903195501'),
 ('20260903065141'),
 ('20260902150024'),
 ('20260901020329'),
diff --git a/plugins/voice/app/controllers/voice/rooms_controller.rb b/plugins/voice/app/controllers/voice/rooms_controller.rb
index 832d0a6f314..68f1ad61a5d 100644
--- a/plugins/voice/app/controllers/voice/rooms_controller.rb
+++ b/plugins/voice/app/controllers/voice/rooms_controller.rb
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ module Voice
       end
       Voice::UserStatusManager.clear_voice_status(current_user)
       Voice::RoomBroadcaster.publish_participants(@room)
-      Voice::BadgeGranterHooks.on_leave(current_user, session, room: @room)
+      Voice::BadgeGranterHooks.on_leave(current_user, session)
       head :no_content
     end
 
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ module Voice
       kicked_user = User.find_by(id: user_id)
       Voice::UserStatusManager.clear_voice_status(kicked_user) if kicked_user
 
-      Voice::BadgeGranterHooks.on_leave(kicked_user, session, room: @room) if kicked_user
+      Voice::BadgeGranterHooks.on_leave(kicked_user, session) if kicked_user
       Voice::RoomBroadcaster.publish_kick(@room, user_id)
       Voice::RoomBroadcaster.publish_participants(@room)
 
diff --git a/plugins/voice/app/jobs/scheduled/voice/close_orphaned_sessions.rb b/plugins/voice/app/jobs/scheduled/voice/close_orphaned_sessions.rb
index 848c297dfc0..4fe2f1a1999 100644
--- a/plugins/voice/app/jobs/scheduled/voice/close_orphaned_sessions.rb
+++ b/plugins/voice/app/jobs/scheduled/voice/close_orphaned_sessions.rb
@@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ module Jobs
           ::Voice::ParticipantTracker.remove(session.room_id, session.user_id)
 
           user = User.find_by(id: session.user_id)
-          room = ::Voice::Room.find_by(id: session.room_id)
-          ::Voice::BadgeGranterHooks.on_leave(user, session, room: room) if user && room
+          ::Voice::BadgeGranterHooks.on_leave(user, session) if user
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/plugins/voice/app/models/voice/session.rb b/plugins/voice/app/models/voice/session.rb
index e2746767110..3bc89d33be3 100644
--- a/plugins/voice/app/models/voice/session.rb
+++ b/plugins/voice/app/models/voice/session.rb
@@ -16,6 +16,35 @@ module Voice
       update!(left_at: at)
     end
 
+    # Seconds of this session during which someone else was in the room.
+    # Concurrent companions are merged so a crowded hour counts once.
+    def accompanied_seconds
+      finish = left_at || Time.current
+      intervals =
+        self
+          .class
+          .where(room_id: room_id)
+          .where.not(user_id: user_id)
+          .where("joined_at < ?", finish)
+          .where("left_at IS NULL OR left_at > ?", joined_at)
+          .order(:joined_at)
+          .pluck(:joined_at, :left_at)
+          .map { |start, stop| [[start, joined_at].max, [stop || Time.current, finish].min] }
+
+      total = 0
+      merged_start = merged_end = nil
+      intervals.each do |start, stop|
+        if merged_end && start <= merged_end
+          merged_end = [merged_end, stop].max
+        else
+          total += merged_end - merged_start if merged_end
+          merged_start, merged_end = start, stop
+        end
+      end
+      total += merged_end - merged_start if merged_end
+      total.to_i
+    end
+
     # A session's recorded end can be far later than the user's actual leave —
     # the orphan sweep stamps left_at when it finally runs, and until then an
     # abandoned session is open-ended — so any single shared interval is
diff --git a/plugins/voice/app/services/voice/badge_granter_hooks.rb b/plugins/voice/app/services/voice/badge_granter_hooks.rb
index 616416eb1ce..80bb3f2994c 100644
--- a/plugins/voice/app/services/voice/badge_granter_hooks.rb
+++ b/plugins/voice/app/services/voice/badge_granter_hooks.rb
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
 
 module Voice
   class BadgeGranterHooks
-    def self.on_leave(user, session, room:)
+    def self.on_leave(user, session)
       return unless badges_enabled?
       return if session&.left_at.blank?
 
-      grant("Mic Check", user) if mic_check?(session, room)
+      grant("Mic Check", user) if mic_check?(session)
       grant("Night Owl", user) if night_owl?(user, session)
       grant("Early Bird", user) if early_bird?(user, session)
       grant("Marathoner", user) if marathoner?(session)
@@ -33,14 +33,22 @@ module Voice
 
     BADGE_GROUP_NAME = "Voice"
 
+    # The site setting is a master switch over the whole grouping. Badges are
+    # flipped in bulk, so the per-badge save callbacks that keep user badge
+    # counts consistent run once here instead.
     def self.enable_all!
-      grouping = BadgeGrouping.find_by(name: BADGE_GROUP_NAME)
-      Badge.where(badge_grouping_id: grouping.id).update_all(enabled: true) if grouping
+      badges = voice_badges
+      badges.update_all(enabled: true)
+      sync_user_badges!
+      badges
+        .where.not(query: nil)
+        .pluck(:id)
+        .each { |badge_id| Jobs.enqueue(:backfill_badge, badge_id: badge_id) }
     end
 
     def self.disable_all!
-      grouping = BadgeGrouping.find_by(name: BADGE_GROUP_NAME)
-      Badge.where(badge_grouping_id: grouping.id).update_all(enabled: false) if grouping
+      voice_badges.update_all(enabled: false)
+      sync_user_badges!
     end
 
     class << self
@@ -51,9 +59,8 @@ module Voice
         BadgeGranter.grant(badge, user) if badge&.enabled?
       end
 
-      def mic_check?(session, room)
-        duration = (session.left_at - session.joined_at).to_i
-        duration >= 30 && Voice::ParticipantTracker.user_ids(room.id).any?
+      def mic_check?(session)
+        session.accompanied_seconds >= 30
       end
 
       def night_owl?(user, session)
@@ -67,12 +74,11 @@ module Voice
       end
 
       def marathoner?(session)
-        duration = (session.left_at - session.joined_at).to_i
-        duration >= 4.hours.to_i
+        session.accompanied_seconds >= 4.hours.to_i
       end
 
       def room_full?(room, participants)
-        room.max_participants.present? && participants.count >= room.max_participants
+        participants.count >= room.effective_max_participants
       end
 
       def icebreaker?(user, participants)
@@ -90,8 +96,20 @@ module Voice
         time.in_time_zone(tz).hour
       end
 
+      def voice_badges
+        Badge.joins(:badge_grouping).where(badge_groupings: { name: BADGE_GROUP_NAME })
+      end
+
+      def sync_user_badges!
+        UserBadge.ensure_consistency!
+        UserStat.update_distinct_badge_count
+      end
+
+      # Every badge here is derived from analytics sessions, so without them
+      # nothing can be earned.
       def badges_enabled?
-        SiteSetting.enable_badges && SiteSetting.voice_badges_enabled
+        SiteSetting.enable_badges && SiteSetting.voice_badges_enabled &&
+          SiteSetting.voice_analytics_enabled
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/plugins/voice/config/locales/server.en.yml b/plugins/voice/config/locales/server.en.yml
index 6e0f2e5aba4..dad0d652e0c 100644
--- a/plugins/voice/config/locales/server.en.yml
+++ b/plugins/voice/config/locales/server.en.yml
@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ en:
     voice_max_room_participants: "Maximum number of people who can be in a voice room at the same time. A room's own participant limit can lower this, but never raise it."
     voice_auto_status_enabled: "Automatically set user status when they join a voice room (e.g. '🎙️ In Watercooler'). Requires the 'enable user status' site setting."
     voice_mesh_privacy_warning_enabled: "Warn users before they join a peer-to-peer voice room that other participants may be able to see their IP address, with an option to not show the warning again on that device. Calls hosted on a LiveKit server never show the warning."
-    voice_badges_enabled: "Enable voice chat badges. Grants badges for voice room milestones like time spent, rooms visited, and connections made."
+    voice_badges_enabled: "Enable voice chat badges. Grants badges for voice room milestones like time spent, rooms visited, and connections made. Toggling this enables or disables every badge in the Voice group at once. Requires {{setting:voice_analytics_enabled}}, which records the sessions the badges are computed from."
+    voice_analytics_enabled: "Record who joined which voice room and when, and how long people spent in a room together. Powers the admin voice statistics, the contacts and companions suggestions, and every voice badge."
+    voice_session_retention_days: "Days to keep voice session and time-together history before it is deleted. Badges already earned are never taken away, but progress toward badges that accumulate over time (hours in voice, days in a room, people met) only counts history within this window."
     voice_idle_threshold_minutes: "Minutes of inactivity before a voice room participant is marked as idle. Set to 0 to disable."
     voice_afk_auto_mute_threshold_minutes: "Minutes of inactivity before a voice room participant is automatically muted. Set to 0 to disable."
     voice_afk_disconnect_threshold_minutes: "Minutes of inactivity before a voice room participant is automatically disconnected. Set to 0 to disable."
@@ -238,5 +240,5 @@ en:
       long_description: "Awarded for accumulating 5 or more hours of voice chat on weekends."
     marathoner:
       name: "Marathoner"
-      description: "Stayed in a single voice session for 4 hours."
-      long_description: "Awarded for staying in a single continuous voice session for 4 or more hours."
+      description: "Spent 4 hours in a single voice session with company."
+      long_description: "Awarded for a single continuous voice session with 4 or more hours spent while at least one other person was in the room."
diff --git a/plugins/voice/config/settings.yml b/plugins/voice/config/settings.yml
index 8a5cdb0300d..13e3fe2e2f1 100644
--- a/plugins/voice/config/settings.yml
+++ b/plugins/voice/config/settings.yml
@@ -158,11 +158,11 @@ plugins:
     default: true
     client: true
   voice_badges_enabled:
-    default: false
+    default: true
   voice_analytics_enabled:
     default: true
   voice_session_retention_days:
-    default: 400
+    default: 1095
     min: 7
     max: 3650
   voice_chat_enabled:
diff --git a/plugins/voice/db/fixtures/001_badges.rb b/plugins/voice/db/fixtures/001_badges.rb
index 16bea80978a..61a8b0c52d5 100644
--- a/plugins/voice/db/fixtures/001_badges.rb
+++ b/plugins/voice/db/fixtures/001_badges.rb
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ Badge.seed(:name) do |b|
   b.query = nil
   b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
   b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-  b.default_enabled = false
+  b.default_enabled = true
   b.system = true
 end
 
@@ -86,9 +86,10 @@ end
       GROUP BY user_id
       HAVING SUM(#{duration_sql}) >= #{threshold}
     SQL
+    b.auto_revoke = false
     b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
     b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-    b.default_enabled = false
+    b.default_enabled = true
     b.default_allow_title = type == BadgeType::Gold
     b.system = true
   end
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ Badge.seed(:name) do |b|
   b.query = nil
   b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
   b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-  b.default_enabled = false
+  b.default_enabled = true
   b.system = true
 end
 
@@ -122,9 +123,10 @@ end
     b.target_posts = false
     b.show_posts = false
     b.query = co_presence_distinct_partners.call(count)
+    b.auto_revoke = false
     b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
     b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-    b.default_enabled = false
+    b.default_enabled = true
     b.default_allow_title = type == BadgeType::Gold
     b.system = true
   end
@@ -145,9 +147,10 @@ end
     b.target_posts = false
     b.show_posts = false
     b.query = co_presence_with_one_partner.call(threshold)
+    b.auto_revoke = false
     b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
     b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-    b.default_enabled = false
+    b.default_enabled = true
     b.default_allow_title = type == BadgeType::Gold
     b.system = true
   end
@@ -168,14 +171,16 @@ end
     b.target_posts = false
     b.show_posts = false
     b.query = <<~SQL
-      SELECT user_id, current_timestamp granted_at
-      FROM voice_sessions
-      GROUP BY user_id
-      HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT room_id) >= #{count}
+      SELECT s.user_id, current_timestamp granted_at
+      FROM voice_sessions s
+      JOIN voice_rooms r ON r.id = s.room_id AND NOT r.ephemeral
+      GROUP BY s.user_id
+      HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT s.room_id) >= #{count}
     SQL
+    b.auto_revoke = false
     b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
     b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-    b.default_enabled = false
+    b.default_enabled = true
     b.default_allow_title = type == BadgeType::Gold
     b.system = true
   end
@@ -196,9 +201,10 @@ end
     b.target_posts = false
     b.show_posts = false
     b.query = loyalty_query.call(days)
+    b.auto_revoke = false
     b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
     b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-    b.default_enabled = false
+    b.default_enabled = true
     b.default_allow_title = type == BadgeType::Gold
     b.system = true
   end
@@ -216,7 +222,7 @@ Badge.seed(:name) do |b|
   b.query = nil
   b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
   b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-  b.default_enabled = false
+  b.default_enabled = true
   b.system = true
 end
 
@@ -234,13 +240,15 @@ end
     b.query = <<~SQL
       SELECT r.creator_id user_id, current_timestamp granted_at
       FROM voice_rooms r
-      JOIN voice_sessions s ON s.room_id = r.id
+      JOIN voice_sessions s ON s.room_id = r.id AND s.user_id <> r.creator_id
+      WHERE NOT r.ephemeral
       GROUP BY r.creator_id
-      HAVING COUNT(s.id) >= #{count}
+      HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT s.user_id) >= #{count}
     SQL
+    b.auto_revoke = false
     b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
     b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-    b.default_enabled = false
+    b.default_enabled = true
     b.default_allow_title = type == BadgeType::Gold
     b.system = true
   end
@@ -258,7 +266,7 @@ Badge.seed(:name) do |b|
   b.query = nil
   b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
   b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-  b.default_enabled = false
+  b.default_enabled = true
   b.system = true
 end
 
@@ -280,9 +288,10 @@ end
       GROUP BY invited_by_id
       HAVING COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) >= #{count}
     SQL
+    b.auto_revoke = false
     b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
     b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-    b.default_enabled = false
+    b.default_enabled = true
     b.default_allow_title = type == BadgeType::Gold
     b.system = true
   end
@@ -300,7 +309,7 @@ Badge.seed(:name) do |b|
   b.query = nil
   b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
   b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-  b.default_enabled = false
+  b.default_enabled = true
   b.system = true
 end
 
@@ -314,7 +323,7 @@ Badge.seed(:name) do |b|
   b.query = nil
   b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
   b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-  b.default_enabled = false
+  b.default_enabled = true
   b.system = true
 end
 
@@ -328,7 +337,7 @@ Badge.seed(:name) do |b|
   b.query = nil
   b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
   b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-  b.default_enabled = false
+  b.default_enabled = true
   b.system = true
 end
 
@@ -346,9 +355,10 @@ Badge.seed(:name) do |b|
     GROUP BY user_id
     HAVING SUM(#{duration_sql}) >= #{5.hours.to_i}
   SQL
+  b.auto_revoke = false
   b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
   b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-  b.default_enabled = false
+  b.default_enabled = true
   b.system = true
 end
 
@@ -362,7 +372,7 @@ Badge.seed(:name) do |b|
   b.query = nil
   b.default_badge_grouping_id = voice_grouping.id
   b.trigger = Badge::Trigger::None
-  b.default_enabled = false
+  b.default_enabled = true
   b.default_allow_title = true
   b.system = true
 end
diff --git a/plugins/voice/db/post_migrate/20260903195501_enable_voice_badges_by_default.rb b/plugins/voice/db/post_migrate/20260903195501_enable_voice_badges_by_default.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a5f94798dc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/voice/db/post_migrate/20260903195501_enable_voice_badges_by_default.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class EnableVoiceBadgesByDefault < ActiveRecord::Migration[8.0]
+  # The setting default flipped to true. Sites that never touched it were
+  # implicitly off and their seeded badges are disabled; the setting-changed
+  # hook that normally flips them never fires for a default change.
+  def up
+    execute <<~SQL
+      UPDATE badges
+      SET enabled = true
+      FROM badge_groupings
+      WHERE badges.badge_grouping_id = badge_groupings.id
+        AND badge_groupings.name = 'Voice'
+        AND NOT EXISTS (
+          SELECT 1 FROM site_settings
+          WHERE name = 'voice_badges_enabled' AND value = 'f'
+        )
+    SQL
+  end
+
+  def down
+    raise ActiveRecord::IrreversibleMigration
+  end
+end
diff --git a/plugins/voice/spec/jobs/scheduled/voice/purge_old_sessions_spec.rb b/plugins/voice/spec/jobs/scheduled/voice/purge_old_sessions_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2fb1039664e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/voice/spec/jobs/scheduled/voice/purge_old_sessions_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+RSpec.describe Jobs::Voice::PurgeOldSessions do
+  fab!(:user)
+  fab!(:partner, :user)
+  fab!(:room, :voice_room)
+
+  before { SiteSetting.voice_enabled = true }
+
+  def create_session(created_at)
+    Fabricate(:voice_session, user: user, room: room).tap do |session|
+      session.update_columns(created_at: created_at)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def create_co_presence(date)
+    first, second = [user.id, partner.id].sort
+    Voice::CoPresence.create!(
+      user_id_1: first,
+      user_id_2: second,
+      date: date,
+      total_seconds: 300,
+      session_count: 1,
+    )
+  end
+
+  it "deletes sessions and co-presence older than the retention period" do
+    retention = SiteSetting.voice_session_retention_days
+    old_session = create_session((retention + 1).days.ago)
+    recent_session = create_session((retention - 1).days.ago)
+    create_co_presence((retention + 1).days.ago.to_date)
+    recent_co_presence = create_co_presence((retention - 1).days.ago.to_date)
+
+    described_class.new.execute({})
+
+    expect(Voice::Session.all).to contain_exactly(recent_session)
+    expect(Voice::CoPresence.all).to contain_exactly(recent_co_presence)
+    expect(Voice::Session.exists?(old_session.id)).to eq(false)
+  end
+
+  it "keeps three years of history by default" do
+    kept = create_session(1094.days.ago)
+    create_session(1096.days.ago)
+
+    described_class.new.execute({})
+
+    expect(Voice::Session.all).to contain_exactly(kept)
+  end
+
+  it "does nothing when voice is disabled" do
+    SiteSetting.voice_enabled = false
+    old_session = create_session(10.years.ago)
+
+    described_class.new.execute({})
+
+    expect(Voice::Session.exists?(old_session.id)).to eq(true)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/plugins/voice/spec/migrations/enable_voice_badges_by_default_spec.rb b/plugins/voice/spec/migrations/enable_voice_badges_by_default_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..dad7b2e9171
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/voice/spec/migrations/enable_voice_badges_by_default_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require Rails.root.join(
+          "plugins/voice/db/post_migrate/20260903195501_enable_voice_badges_by_default.rb",
+        )
+
+RSpec.describe EnableVoiceBadgesByDefault do
+  before do
+    @original_verbose = ActiveRecord::Migration.verbose
+    ActiveRecord::Migration.verbose = false
+    SeedFu.seed(Rails.root.join("plugins/voice/db/fixtures"))
+    Voice::BadgeGranterHooks.disable_all!
+  end
+
+  after { ActiveRecord::Migration.verbose = @original_verbose }
+
+  def voice_badges
+    Badge.joins(:badge_grouping).where(badge_groupings: { name: "Voice" })
+  end
+
+  it "enables the voice badges on sites that never set the setting" do
+    described_class.new.up
+
+    expect(voice_badges.where(enabled: false)).to be_empty
+  end
+
+  it "leaves the badges alone on sites that explicitly disabled them" do
+    # The test provider keeps settings in memory; the migration reads the table.
+    DB.exec(
+      "INSERT INTO site_settings (name, data_type, value, created_at, updated_at) VALUES ('voice_badges_enabled', :type, 'f', NOW(), NOW())",
+      type: SiteSettings::TypeSupervisor.types[:bool],
+    )
+
+    described_class.new.up
+
+    expect(voice_badges.where(enabled: true)).to be_empty
+  end
+
+  it "does not touch badges outside the Voice grouping" do
+    Badge.find_by(name: "Editor").update!(enabled: false)
+
+    described_class.new.up
+
+    expect(Badge.find_by(name: "Editor").enabled).to eq(false)
+  end
+end
diff --git a/plugins/voice/spec/models/voice/session_spec.rb b/plugins/voice/spec/models/voice/session_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7f638faf1ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/voice/spec/models/voice/session_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+RSpec.describe Voice::Session do
+  fab!(:user)
+  fab!(:room, :voice_room)
+
+  describe "#accompanied_seconds" do
+    let(:started_at) { Time.zone.parse("2026-09-01 10:00") }
+    let(:session) do
+      Fabricate(
+        :voice_session,
+        user: user,
+        room: room,
+        joined_at: started_at,
+        left_at: started_at + 4.hours,
+      )
+    end
+
+    def companion_session(from, to, in_room: room)
+      Fabricate(
+        :voice_session,
+        user: Fabricate(:user),
+        room: in_room,
+        joined_at: started_at + from,
+        left_at: to && started_at + to,
+      )
+    end
+
+    it "returns zero when nobody else was in the room" do
+      companion_session(0.hours, 4.hours, in_room: Fabricate(:voice_room))
+
+      expect(session.accompanied_seconds).to eq(0)
+    end
+
+    it "clips companions to the session and merges concurrent ones" do
+      companion_session(-1.hour, 1.hour)
+      companion_session(0.5.hours, 1.5.hours)
+      companion_session(3.hours, 6.hours)
+
+      expect(session.accompanied_seconds).to eq(2.5.hours.to_i)
+    end
+
+    it "counts a companion still in the room up to the session end" do
+      freeze_time(started_at + 10.hours)
+      companion_session(2.hours, nil)
+
+      expect(session.accompanied_seconds).to eq(2.hours.to_i)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/plugins/voice/spec/services/voice/badge_backfill_spec.rb b/plugins/voice/spec/services/voice/badge_backfill_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ee9e26b9f12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/plugins/voice/spec/services/voice/badge_backfill_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "rails_helper"
+
+RSpec.describe BadgeGranter, ".backfill" do
+  fab!(:user)
+  fab!(:room, :voice_room)
+
+  before do
+    SiteSetting.voice_enabled = true
+    SiteSetting.voice_badges_enabled = true
+    SeedFu.seed(Rails.root.join("plugins/voice/db/fixtures"))
+    Voice::BadgeGranterHooks.enable_all!
+  end
+
+  def backfill(badge_name)
+    BadgeGranter.backfill(Badge.find_by!(name: badge_name))
+  end
+
+  def holders_of(badge_name)
+    UserBadge.joins(:badge).where(badges: { name: badge_name }).pluck(:user_id)
+  end
+
+  def create_session(user_id:, room_id: room.id, joined_at:, duration: 10.minutes)
+    Voice::Session.create!(
+      user_id: user_id,
+      room_id: room_id,
+      joined_at: joined_at,
+      left_at: joined_at + duration,
+    )
+  end
+
+  # Session and co-presence rows only reference user ids, so partners need not
+  # be real users; the grantee does, since core joins the users table.
+  def create_co_presence(user_id, partner_id, total_seconds:, date: Date.current)
+    first, second = [user_id, partner_id].sort
+    Voice::CoPresence.create!(
+      user_id_1: first,
+      user_id_2: second,
+      date: date,
+      total_seconds: total_seconds,
+      session_count: 1,
+    )
+  end
+
+  describe "airtime" do
+    it "grants Rookie at one hour of total session time" do
+      create_session(user_id: user.id, joined_at: 3.hours.ago, duration: 30.minutes)
+      create_session(user_id: user.id, joined_at: 2.hours.ago, duration: 29.minutes)
+      backfill("Rookie")
+      expect(holders_of("Rookie")).to be_empty
+
+      create_session(user_id: user.id, joined_at: 1.hour.ago, duration: 1.minute)
+      backfill("Rookie")
+      expect(holders_of("Rookie")).to contain_exactly(user.id)
+    end
+
+    it "counts an open session up to now" do
+      Voice::Session.create!(user: user, room: room, joined_at: 61.minutes.ago, left_at: nil)
+
+      backfill("Rookie")
+
+      expect(holders_of("Rookie")).to contain_exactly(user.id)
+    end
+
+    it "keeps the badge once the sessions that earned it are purged" do
+      create_session(user_id: user.id, joined_at: 2.hours.ago, duration: 1.hour)
+      backfill("Rookie")
+      Voice::Session.delete_all
+
+      backfill("Rookie")
+
+      expect(holders_of("Rookie")).to contain_exactly(user.id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "networker" do
+    it "grants Social Butterfly for ten partners with at least five minutes each" do
+      9.times { |index| create_co_presence(user.id, 100_000 + index, total_seconds: 300) }
+      create_co_presence(user.id, 200_000, total_seconds: 299)
+      backfill("Social Butterfly")
+      expect(holders_of("Social Butterfly")).to be_empty
+
+      create_co_presence(user.id, 200_000, total_seconds: 1, date: Date.yesterday)
+      backfill("Social Butterfly")
+      expect(holders_of("Social Butterfly")).to contain_exactly(user.id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "bonding" do
+    fab!(:partner, :user)
+
+    it "grants Familiar Face to both sides after two hours together across days" do
+      create_co_presence(user.id, partner.id, total_seconds: 1.hour.to_i)
+      create_co_presence(user.id, 100_001, total_seconds: 1.hour.to_i)
+      backfill("Familiar Face")
+      expect(holders_of("Familiar Face")).to be_empty
+
+      create_co_presence(user.id, partner.id, total_seconds: 1.hour.to_i, date: Date.yesterday)
+      backfill("Familiar Face")
+      expect(holders_of("Familiar Face")).to contain_exactly(user.id, partner.id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "exploration" do
+    it "grants Explorer for five distinct rooms, ignoring ephemeral ones" do
+      rooms = Array.new(4) { Fabricate(:voice_room) }
+      rooms.each do |visited|
+        2.times { create_session(user_id: user.id, room_id: visited.id, joined_at: 1.day.ago) }
+      end
+      call_room = Fabricate(:voice_ephemeral_room)
+      create_session(user_id: user.id, room_id: call_room.id, joined_at: 1.day.ago)
+      backfill("Explorer")
+      expect(holders_of("Explorer")).to be_empty
+
+      create_session(user_id: user.id, joined_at: 1.hour.ago)
+      backfill("Explorer")
+      expect(holders_of("Explorer")).to contain_exactly(user.id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "loyalty" do
+    it "grants Patron for ten distinct days in the same room" do
+      9.times do |day|
+        create_session(user_id: user.id, joined_at: (day + 1).days.ago.change(hour: 12))
+        create_session(user_id: user.id, joined_at: (day + 1).days.ago.change(hour: 14))
+      end
+      create_session(user_id: user.id, room_id: Fabricate(:voice_room).id, joined_at: 1.hour.ago)
+      backfill("Patron")
+      expect(holders_of("Patron")).to be_empty
+
+      create_session(user_id: user.id, joined_at: 10.days.ago.change(hour: 12))
+      backfill("Patron")
+      expect(holders_of("Patron")).to contain_exactly(user.id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "hosting" do
+    fab!(:hosted_room, :voice_room) { Fabricate(:voice_room, creator: user) }
+
+    it "grants Crowd Puller for fifty distinct visitors, ignoring repeat, self and call joins" do
+      49.times do |index|
+        create_session(user_id: 100_000 + index, room_id: hosted_room.id, joined_at: 1.day.ago)
+      end
+      call_room = Fabricate(:voice_ephemeral_room, creator: user)
+      create_session(user_id: 300_000, room_id: call_room.id, joined_at: 1.day.ago)
+      5.times { create_session(user_id: 100_000, room_id: hosted_room.id, joined_at: 1.hour.ago) }
+      5.times { create_session(user_id: user.id, room_id: hosted_room.id, joined_at: 1.hour.ago) }
+      backfill("Crowd Puller")
+      expect(holders_of("Crowd Puller")).to be_empty
+
+      create_session(user_id: 200_000, room_id: hosted_room.id, joined_at: 1.hour.ago)
+      backfill("Crowd Puller")
+      expect(holders_of("Crowd Puller")).to contain_exactly(user.id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "inviting" do
+    def create_invite(invitee_id, redeemed: true)
+      Voice::Invite.create!(
+        room_id: room.id,
+        user_id: invitee_id,
+        invited_by_id: user.id,
+        redeemed_at: redeemed ? Time.current : nil,
+      )
+    end
+
+    it "grants Connector for ten distinct redeemed invitees" do
+      9.times { |index| create_invite(100_000 + index) }
+      create_invite(200_000, redeemed: false)
+      Voice::Invite.create!(
+        room_id: Fabricate(:voice_room).id,
+        user_id: 100_000,
+        invited_by_id: user.id,
+        redeemed_at: Time.current,
+      )
+      backfill("Connector")
+      expect(holders_of("Connector")).to be_empty
+
+      create_invite(300_000)
+      backfill("Connector")
+      expect(holders_of("Connector")).to contain_exactly(user.id)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "Weekend Warrior" do
+    it "grants for five hours of weekend sessions only" do
+      saturday = Time.zone.parse("2026-08-29 10:00 UTC")
+      monday = Time.zone.parse("2026-08-31 10:00 UTC")
+      create_session(user_id: user.id, joined_at: monday, duration: 6.hours)
+      create_session(user_id: user.id, joined_at: saturday, duration: 4.hours)
+      backfill("Weekend Warrior")
+      expect(holders_of("Weekend Warrior")).to be_empty
+
+      create_session(user_id: user.id, joined_at: saturday + 1.day, duration: 1.hour)
+      backfill("Weekend Warrior")
+      expect(holders_of("Weekend Warrior")).to contain_exactly(user.id)
+    end
+  end
+end
diff --git a/plugins/voice/spec/services/voice/badge_granter_hooks_spec.rb b/plugins/voice/spec/services/voice/badge_granter_hooks_spec.rb
index f069d38ba72..f4251ec49b7 100644
--- a/plugins/voice/spec/services/voice/badge_granter_hooks_spec.rb
+++ b/plugins/voice/spec/services/voice/badge_granter_hooks_spec.rb
@@ -20,29 +20,29 @@ RSpec.describe Voice::BadgeGranterHooks do
     end
 
     describe "Mic Check" do
-      it "grants when session is 30+ seconds and others are in the room" do
-        other = Fabricate(:user)
-        Voice::ParticipantTracker.add(room.id, other.id)
+      fab!(:other, :user)
+
+      it "grants after 30 seconds spent with someone else in the room" do
+        Fabricate(:voice_session, user: other, room: room, joined_at: 2.minutes.ago)
 
         session = build_session(joined_at: 1.minute.ago, left_at: Time.current)
-        described_class.on_leave(user, session, room: room)
+        described_class.on_leave(user, session)
 
         expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).to include("Mic Check")
       end
 
-      it "does not grant when session is under 30 seconds" do
-        other = Fabricate(:user)
-        Voice::ParticipantTracker.add(room.id, other.id)
+      it "does not grant when the other person was present for under 30 seconds" do
+        Fabricate(:voice_session, user: other, room: room, joined_at: 20.seconds.ago)
 
-        session = build_session(joined_at: 20.seconds.ago, left_at: Time.current)
-        described_class.on_leave(user, session, room: room)
+        session = build_session(joined_at: 1.minute.ago, left_at: Time.current)
+        described_class.on_leave(user, session)
 
         expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).not_to include("Mic Check")
       end
 
-      it "does not grant when room is empty" do
+      it "does not grant when alone in the room" do
         session = build_session(joined_at: 1.minute.ago, left_at: Time.current)
-        described_class.on_leave(user, session, room: room)
+        described_class.on_leave(user, session)
 
         expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).not_to include("Mic Check")
       end
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ RSpec.describe Voice::BadgeGranterHooks do
         left = joined + 5.minutes
 
         session = build_session(joined_at: joined, left_at: left)
-        described_class.on_leave(user, session, room: room)
+        described_class.on_leave(user, session)
 
         expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).to include("Night Owl")
       end
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ RSpec.describe Voice::BadgeGranterHooks do
         left = joined + 5.minutes
 
         session = build_session(joined_at: joined, left_at: left)
-        described_class.on_leave(user, session, room: room)
+        described_class.on_leave(user, session)
 
         expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).not_to include("Night Owl")
       end
@@ -80,23 +80,34 @@ RSpec.describe Voice::BadgeGranterHooks do
         left = joined + 5.minutes
 
         session = build_session(joined_at: joined, left_at: left)
-        described_class.on_leave(user, session, room: room)
+        described_class.on_leave(user, session)
 
         expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).to include("Early Bird")
       end
     end
 
     describe "Marathoner" do
-      it "grants when session lasted 4+ hours" do
+      fab!(:companion, :user)
+
+      it "grants when 4+ hours of the session were spent with someone else" do
+        Fabricate(:voice_session, user: companion, room: room, joined_at: 4.5.hours.ago)
         session = build_session(joined_at: 5.hours.ago, left_at: Time.current)
-        described_class.on_leave(user, session, room: room)
+        described_class.on_leave(user, session)
 
         expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).to include("Marathoner")
       end
 
-      it "does not grant for shorter sessions" do
-        session = build_session(joined_at: 3.hours.ago, left_at: Time.current)
-        described_class.on_leave(user, session, room: room)
+      it "does not grant for 4+ hours spent alone" do
+        session = build_session(joined_at: 5.hours.ago, left_at: Time.current)
+        described_class.on_leave(user, session)
+
+        expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).not_to include("Marathoner")
+      end
+
+      it "does not grant when company stayed under 4 hours" do
+        Fabricate(:voice_session, user: companion, room: room, joined_at: 3.hours.ago)
+        session = build_session(joined_at: 5.hours.ago, left_at: Time.current)
+        described_class.on_leave(user, session)
 
         expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).not_to include("Marathoner")
       end
@@ -106,14 +117,14 @@ RSpec.describe Voice::BadgeGranterHooks do
       SiteSetting.voice_badges_enabled = false
 
       session = build_session(joined_at: 5.hours.ago, left_at: Time.current)
-      described_class.on_leave(user, session, room: room)
+      described_class.on_leave(user, session)
 
       expect(user.badges).to be_empty
     end
 
     it "does nothing when session has no left_at" do
       session = Voice::Session.create!(user: user, room: room, joined_at: 5.hours.ago)
-      described_class.on_leave(user, session, room: room)
+      described_class.on_leave(user, session)
 
       expect(user.badges).to be_empty
     end
@@ -131,13 +142,16 @@ RSpec.describe Voice::BadgeGranterHooks do
         expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).to include("Packed House")
       end
 
-      it "does not grant when room has no max_participants" do
+      it "falls back to the site-wide cap when the room has no max_participants" do
         room.update!(max_participants: nil)
-        participants = User.where(id: [user.id])
-
-        described_class.on_join(user, room, participants)
+        SiteSetting.voice_max_room_participants = 2
+        other = Fabricate(:user)
 
+        described_class.on_join(user, room, User.where(id: [user.id]))
         expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).not_to include("Packed House")
+
+        described_class.on_join(user, room, User.where(id: [user.id, other.id]))
+        expect(user.badges.pluck(:name)).to include("Packed House")
       end
     end
 
@@ -193,6 +207,14 @@ RSpec.describe Voice::BadgeGranterHooks do
 
       expect(user.badges).to be_empty
     end
+
+    it "does nothing when analytics are disabled" do
+      SiteSetting.voice_analytics_enabled = false
+
+      described_class.on_room_create(user)
+
+      expect(user.badges).to be_empty
+    end
   end
 
   describe ".on_invite_redeemed" do
@@ -228,11 +250,13 @@ RSpec.describe Voice::BadgeGranterHooks do
       Badge.joins(:badge_grouping).where(badge_groupings: { name: "Voice" })
     end
 
-    it "creates all badges as disabled" do
-      described_class.disable_all!
-
+    it "creates all badges enabled" do
       expect(voice_badges.count).to eq(27)
-      expect(voice_badges.where(enabled: true).count).to eq(0)
+      expect(voice_badges.where(enabled: false).count).to eq(0)
+    end
+
+    it "never auto-revokes scheduled badges" do
+      expect(voice_badges.where.not(query: nil)).to all(have_attributes(auto_revoke: false))
     end
 
     it "creates the Voice badge grouping" do
@@ -265,11 +289,23 @@ RSpec.describe Voice::BadgeGranterHooks do
   describe ".enable_all!" do
     before { described_class.disable_all! }
 
-    it "enables all Voice badges" do
+    it "enables all Voice badges and schedules a backfill for the scheduled ones" do
       described_class.enable_all!
 
       voice_badges = Badge.joins(:badge_grouping).where(badge_groupings: { name: "Voice" })
       expect(voice_badges.where(enabled: false).count).to eq(0)
+      expect_job_enqueued(
+        job: :backfill_badge,
+        args: {
+          badge_id: Badge.find_by(name: "Rookie").id,
+        },
+      )
+      expect_not_enqueued_with(
+        job: :backfill_badge,
+        args: {
+          badge_id: Badge.find_by(name: "Mic Check").id,
+        },
+      )
     end
   end