Constants should always be only assigned once. The logical OR assignment
of a constant is a relic of the past before we used zeitwerk for
autoloading and had bugs where a file could be loaded twice resulting in
constant redefinition warnings.
Not all HTML elements are converted into Markdown. Some are kept as HTML.
Without this fix XML/HTML entities that are formatted as text instead of code are swallowed by Discourse.
This also fixes quotes in the `title` attribute of the `<abbr>` tag.
Previously `HtmlToMarkdown` always converted HTML tables into Markdown tables. That lead to some badly formatted Markdown tables, e.g. when the table contained `rowspan` or `colspan`. This solves the issue by using very basic HTML tables in those cases.
We were having a minor issue with emails with embedded images
that had newlines in the alt string; for example:
```
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><img width="898"
height="498" style="width:9.3541in;height:5.1875in" id="Picture_x0020_5"
src="cid:image003.png@01DA4EBA.0400B610" alt="A screenshot of a computer
program
Description automatically generated"></span><span
style="font-size:11.0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
```
Once this was parsed and converted to markdown (or directly to HTML
in some cases), this caused an issue in the composer and the post
UI, where the markdown parser didn't know how to deal with this,
making the HTML show directly instead of showing an image.
The easiest way to deal with this is to just strip \n from image
alt and title attrs in the HTMLToMarkdown class.
This setting allows admin to de/activate automatic trimming of incoming email.
There are instances where it does wonders in trimming all the garbage content and other
instances where it's so bad that it trims the most important part of the email.
FIX: don't remove hidden content using the style attribute when converting HTML to Markdown.
The regexp used was doing more harm than good. It was way too broad.
FIX: properly elide signatures from emails sent with Front App.
This is fairly safe as Front App nicely identifies signatures in the HTML part.
Looks like some html elements like `aside` and `section` will throw an error
when checking if they are inline or not. The commit simply handles
```
Job exception: undefined method `inline?' for nil:NilClass
```
and adds a test for it.
TLDR; this commit vastly improves how whitespaces are handled when converting from HTML to Markdown.
It also adds support for converting HTML <tables> to markdown tables.
The previous 'remove_whitespaces!' method was traversing the whole HTML tree and used a heuristic to remove
leading and trailing whitespaces whenever it was appropriate (ie. mostly before and after HTML block elements)
It was a good idea, but it was very limited and leaded to bad conversion when the html had leading whitespaces on several lines for example.
One such example can be found [here](https://meta.discourse.org/t/86782).
For various reasons, most of the whitespaces in a HTML file is ignored when the page is being displayed in a browser.
The rules that the browsers follow are the [CSS' White Space Processing Rules](https://www.w3.org/TR/css-text-3/#white-space-rules).
They can be quite complicated when you take into account RTL languages and other various tidbits but they boils down to the following:
- Collapse whitespaces down to one space (0x20) inside an inline context (ie. nodes/tags that are being displaying on the same line)
- Remove any leading/trailing whitespaces inside an inline context
One quick & dirty way of getting this 90% solved would be to do 'HTML.gsub!(/[[:space:]]+/, " ")'.
We would also need to hoist <pre> elements in order to not mess with their whitespaces.
Unfortunately, this solution let some whitespaces creep around HTML tags which leads to more '.strip!' calls than I can bear.
I decided to "emulate" the browser's handling of whitespaces and came up with a solution in 4 parts
1. remove_not_allowed!
The HtmlToMarkdown library is recursively "visiting" all the nodes in the HTML in order to convert them to Markdown.
All the nodes that aren't handled by the library (eg. <script>, <style> or any non-textual HTML tags) are "swallowed".
In order to reduce the number of nodes visited, the method 'remove_not_allowed!' will automatically delete all the nodes
that have no "visitor" (eg. a 'visit_<tag>' method) defined.
2. remove_hidden!
Similar purpose as the previous method (eg. reducing number of nodes visited), there's no point trying to convert something that is hidden.
The 'remove_hidden!' method removes any nodes that was hidden using the "hidden" HTML attribute, some CSS or with a width or height equal to 0.
3. hoist_line_breaks!
The 'hoist_line_breaks!' method is there to handle <br> tags. I know those tiny <br> don't do much but they can be quite annoying.
The <br> tags are inline elements but they visually work like a block element (ie. they create a new line).
If you have the following HTML "<i>Foo<br>Bar</i>", it ends up visually similar to "<i>Foo</i><br><i>Bar</i>".
The latter being much more easy to process than the former, so that's what this method is doing.
The "hoist_line_breaks" will hoist <br> tags out of inline tags until their parent is a block element.
4. remove_whitespaces!
The "remove_whitespaces!" is where all the whitespace removal is happening. It's broken down into 4 methods as well
- remove_whitespaces!
- is_inline?
- collapse_spaces!
- remove_trailing_space!
The 'remove_whitespace!' method is recursively walking the HTML tree (skipping <pre> tags).
If a node has any children, they will be chunked into groups of inline elements vs block elements.
For each chunks of inline elements, it will call the "collapse_space!" and "remove_trailing_space!" methods.
For each chunks of block elements, it will call "remote_whitespace!" to keep walking the HTML tree recursively.
The "is_inline?" method determines whether a node is part of a inline context.
A node is inline iif it's a text node or it's an inline tag, but not <br>, and all its children are also inline.
The "collapse_spaces!" method will collapse any kind of (white) space into a single space (" ") character, even accros tags.
For example, if we have " Foo \n<i> Bar </i>\t42", it will return "Foo <i>Bar </i>42".
Finally, the "remove_trailing_space!" method is there to remove any trailing space that might creep in at the end of the inline chunk.
This solution is not 100% bullet-proof.
It does not support RTL languages at all and has some caveats that I felt were not worth the work to get properly fixed.
FIX: better detection of hidden elements when converting HTML to Markdown
FIX: take into account the 'allowed_href_schemes' site setting when converting HTML <a> to Markdown
FIX: added support for 'mailto:' scheme when converting <a> from HTML to Markdown
FIX: added support for <img> dimensions when converting from HTML to Markdown
FIX: added support for <dl>, <dd> and <dt> when converting from HTML to Markdown
FIX: added support for multilines emphases, strongs and strikes when converting from HTML to Markdown
FIX: added support for <acronym> when converting from HTML to Markdown
DEV: remove unused 'sanitize' gem
Wow, did you just read all that?! Congratz, here's a cookie: 🍪.
This reduces chances of errors where consumers of strings mutate inputs
and reduces memory usage of the app.
Test suite passes now, but there may be some stuff left, so we will run
a few sites on a branch prior to merging
