This patche removes 93 pylint deprecation warnings due to invalid escape
sequences (mostly 'invalid escape sequence \d') on unicode strings.
Signed-off-by: Rafael Guterres Jeffman <rjeffman@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Python 3.8 introduced a warning to check for usage of "is not"
when comparing literals. Any such usage will output:
SyntaxWarning: "is not" with a literal. Did you mean "!="?
See: https://bugs.python.org/issue34850
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/8057
Signed-off-by: François Cami <fcami@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Florence Blanc-Renaud <flo@redhat.com>
This will let us call it from ipaplatform.
Mark the original location as deprecated.
Reviewed-By: Francois Cami <fcami@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Commit 5be9341fba disallowed simple bind
over an insecure connection. Password logins were only allowed over LDAPS
or LDAP+STARTTLS. The restriction broke 'ipa migrate-ds' in some cases.
This commit lifts the restriction and permits insecure binds over plain
LDAP. It also makes the migrate-ds plugin use STARTTLS when a CA
certificate is configured with a plain LDAP connection.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/8040
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Thomas Woerner <twoerner@redhat.com>
Commit 9182917280a5c2590fa677729db54b38a9ac4d1f introduced
SUCCESS, SERVER_INSTALL_ERROR and SERVER_NOT_CONFIGURED to
deal with cases when server is not configured.
Actually use SERVER_NOT_CONFIGURED in log_failure instead of 2.
Related-to: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/6843
Signed-off-by: François Cami <fcami@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Alexander Bokovoy <abokovoy@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
With ipa 4.5+, the RA cert is stored in files in
/var/lib/ipa/ra-agent.{key|pem}. The upgrade code handles
the move from /etc/httpd/alias to the files but does not remove
the private key from /etc/httpd/alias.
The fix calls certutil -F -n ipaCert to remove cert and key,
instead of -D -n ipaCert which removes only the cert.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7329
Reviewed-By: Fraser Tweedale <ftweedal@redhat.com>
There are cases when output from a utility run contains sensitive
content that is better to avoid logging. For example, klist can be told
to show actual encryption keys with -K option. Redacting them out with
nolog option to ipapython.ipautil.run() is not possible because
replacement routine expects exact matches.
Introduce two boolean options that allow to skip printing output from
the utility being run:
-- nolog_output: skip printing captured stdout
-- nolog_error: skip printing captured stderr
These options default to False (thus, stdout/stderr content will
continue to be printed). In case they were set to True, corresponding
line will contain
stdout=<REDACTED>
or
stderr=<REDACTED>
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/3999
Signed-off-by: Alexander Bokovoy <abokovoy@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
When creating ipa-client-samba tool, few common routines from the server
installer code became useful for the client code as well.
Move them to ipapython.ipautil and update references as well.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/3999
Signed-off-by: Alexander Bokovoy <abokovoy@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
The admintool will display the message when something goes wrong:
See %s for more information" % self.log_file_name
This is handy except when finally logging setup is not done
yet so the log file doesn't actually get written to.
This can happen if validation catches and raises an exception.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7952
Signed-off-by: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Florence Blanc-Renaud <flo@redhat.com>
Equal DNs with multi-valued RDNs can compare inequal if one (or
both) is constructed from a cryptography.x509.Name, because the AVAs
in the multi-valued RDNs are not being sorted.
Sort the AVAs when constructing from Name and add test cases for
equality checks on multi-valued RDNs constructed from inputs with
permuted AVA order.
Part of: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7963
Reviewed-By: Florence Blanc-Renaud <flo@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
This is to suppress the spurious error message:
The ipa-client-install command failed.
when the client is not configured.
This is managed by allowing a ScriptError to return SUCCESS (0)
and have this ignored in log_failure().
https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7836
Signed-off-by: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Florence Blanc-Renaud <flo@redhat.com>
This was an attempt to suppress client uninstallation failure
messages in the server uninstallation script. This method
inadvertently also suppressed client uninstallation messages and
was generally confusing.
This reverts part of b96906156bhttps://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7836
Signed-off-by: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Florence Blanc-Renaud <flo@redhat.com>
When applying DN to a cryptography.x509.Name, multi-valued RDNs get
"flattened" into separate RDNs. Update the constructor to correctly
handle Name values with multi-valued RDNs.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7963
Reviewed-By: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Alexander Bokovoy <abokovoy@redhat.com>
In the get_trust_chain method, use certutil -O with the option
--simple-self-signed to make sure that self-signed certs properly
get processed.
Note: this option has been introduced in nss 3.38 and our spec file
already requires nss >= 3.41.
Scenario: when IPA CA is switched from self-signed to externally-signed,
then back to self-signed, the same nickname can be used in
/etc/pki/pki-tomcat/alias for the initial cert and the renewed certs. If
the original and renewed certs are present in the NSS db, running
$ certutil -O -n <IPA CA alias>
produces a complex output like the following (this command is used to find
the trust chain):
"CN=Cert Auth,O=ExtAuth" [CN=Cert Auth,O=ExtAuth]
"caSigningCert cert-pki-ca" [CN=Certificate Authority,O=DOMAIN.COM]
"caSigningCert cert-pki-ca" [CN=Certificate Authority,O=DOMAIN.COM]
The renewal code is disturbed by this output.
If, on the contrary, certutil -O --simple-self-signed -n <IPA CA alias> is
used to extract the trust chain, the output is as expected for a self-signed
cert:
"caSigningCert cert-pki-ca" [CN=Certificate Authority,O=DOMAIN.COM]
As a result, the scenario self-signed > externally signed > self-signed
works.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7926
Reviewed-By: Oleg Kozlov <okozlov@redhat.com>
A PKCS#12 file is generated from a set of input files in various
formats. This file is then used to provide the public and private
keys and certificate chain fro importing into an NSS database.
In order to work in FIPS mode stronger encryption is required.
The default OpenSSL certificate algo is 40-bit RC2 which is not
allowed in FIPS mode. The default private key algo is 3DES.
Use AES-128 instead for both.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7948
Signed-off-by: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
libldap_r.so is only available in the OpenLDAP development packages. The
openldap package provides libldap_r-*.so.2.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7941
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Alexander Bokovoy <abokovoy@redhat.com>
This reverts commit 3509545897.
We cannot force increase in minimum SASL security factor until our
consumers are ready to deal with it. Unfortunately, realmd uses
anonymous connection for discovery and validation of IPA LDAP server.
The way it is done is fragile (it doesn't take into account an
advertised IPA version, only checks that 'IPA' string exists in the info
field) but since bumping of minimum SSF prevents reading IPA info field
using anonymous connection, client enrollment fails.
We should get back to bumping minimum SSF after realmd and other
potential consumers are fixed.
Reviewed-By: François Cami <fcami@redhat.com>
python-ldap is a Python package with heavy C extensions. In order to
build python-ldap, not only OpenLDAP development headers are necessary,
but also OpenSSL, Cyrus SASL, and MIT KRB5 development headers.
A fully functional ipaclient doesn't need an LDAP driver. It talks JSON
RPC over HTTPS to a server. python-ldap is only used by ipapython.dn.DN
to convert a string to a DN with ldap_str2dn(). The function is simple
and can be wrapped with ctypes in a bunch of lines.
Related: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/6468
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Alexander Bokovoy <abokovoy@redhat.com>
The object logger methods been deprecated for about two years since release
4.6.0. The log manager used to moneky-patch additional log methods like
info(), warning(), and error() into API plugin objects. The methods have
been replaced by calls to module logger objects in 4.6.0.
Remove monkey-patch logger methods, log manager, and its root logger from
ipapython.ipa_log_manager.
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Thomas Woerner <twoerner@redhat.com>
netifaces is a binary Python extension. Outside of the installer, it's
only used by CheckedIPAddress.get_matching_interface, which is only
called from installer code.
Make the import of netifaces optional to reduce the amount of
dependencies for PyPI package use case. Binary extensions are especially
annoying, because they depend on shared libraries, compiler, and header
files to be present.
Related: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/6468
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Oleg Kozlov <okozlov@redhat.com>
IPA no verifies that intermediate certs of external CAs have a basic
constraint path len of at least 1 and increasing.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7877
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Fraser Tweedale <ftweedal@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Alexander Bokovoy <abokovoy@redhat.com>
SSF_MINX 56 level ensures data integrity and confidentiality for SASL
GSSAPI and SASL GSS SPNEGO connections.
Although at least AES128 is enforced pretty much everywhere, 56 is required
for backwards compatibility with systems that announce wrong SSF.
Related: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7140
Related: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/4580
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Tibor Dudlak <tdudlak@redhat.com>
config_replace_variables() can now also remove lines from a file.
Related: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7860
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Alexander Bokovoy <abokovoy@redhat.com>
Sending the full uri was causing httplib to send requests as:
POST http://ipa.example.com/ca/admin/ca/getStatus HTTP/1.1
From what I can tell tomcat changed its URL handling due to a CVE
(BZ 1552375). This has been wrong in freeipa since the CA status
checking was added, d6fbbd5 , but tomcat handled it fine so we
didn't notice.
https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7883
Signed-off-by: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Florence Blanc-Renaud <frenaud@redhat.com>
Add LDAPClient.from_realm(), LDAPClient.from_hostname_secure(), and
LDAPClient.from_hostname_plain() constructors.
The simple_bind() method now also refuses to transmit a password over a
plain, unencrypted line.
LDAPClient.from_hostname_secure() uses start_tls and FreeIPA's CA cert
by default. The constructor also automatically disables start_tls for
ldaps and ldapi connections.
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
The helper function realm_to_serverid() and realm_to_ldap_uri() are
useful outside the server installation framework. They are now in
ipapython.ipaldap along other helpers for LDAP handling in FreeIPA.
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Kernel keyrings are not namespaced yet. Keyrings can leak into other
containers. Therefore keyrings should not be used in containerized
environment.
Don't configure Kerberos to use KEYRING ccache backen when a container
environment is detected by systemd-detect-virt --container.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7807
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Tibor Dudlak <tdudlak@redhat.com>
ipa user-find --certificate and ipa host-find --certificate
fail to return matching entries, because the method transforming
the attribute into a LDAP filter does not properly handle
IPACertificate objects.
Directory Server logs show a filter with
(usercertificate=ipalib.x509.IPACertificate object at 0x7fc0a5575b90>)
When the attribute contains a cryptography.x509.Certificate,
the method needs to extract the public bytes instead of calling str(value).
Fixes https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7770
Reviewed-By: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
pylint 2.2.0 has a new checker for unnecessary pass statements. There is
no need to have a pass statement in functions or classes with a doc
string.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7772
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Thomas Woerner <twoerner@redhat.com>
PR https://github.com/freeipa/freeipa/pull/2554 added the '-e' option for CA
cert validation. Let's also verify signature, key size, and signing algorithm
of server certs. With the '-e' option, the installer and other
tools will catch weak certs early.
Fixes: pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7761
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Fraser Tweedale <ftweedal@redhat.com>
When verifying a CA certificate, validate its signature. This
causes FreeIPA to reject certificate chains with bad signatures,
signatures using unacceptable algorithms, or certificates with
unacceptable key sizes. The '-e' option to 'certutil -V' was the
missing ingredient.
An an example of a problem prevented by this change, a certifiate
signed by a 1024-bit intermediate CA, would previously have been
imported by ipa-cacert-manage, but would cause Dogtag startup
failure due to failing self-test. With this change,
ipa-cacert-manage will reject the certificate:
# ipa-cacert-manage renew --external-cert-file /tmp/ipa.p7
Importing the renewed CA certificate, please wait
CA certificate CN=Certificate Authority,O=IPA.LOCAL 201809261455
in /tmp/ipa.p7 is not valid: certutil: certificate is invalid: The
certificate was signed using a signature algorithm that is
disabled because it is not secure.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7761
Reviewed-By: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Installation or IPA CA renewal with externally-signed CA accepts an
IPA CA certificate with empty Subject Key Identifier. This is
technically legal in X.509, but is an operational issue.
Furthermore, due to an extant bug in Dogtag
(https://pagure.io/dogtagpki/issue/3079) it will cause Dogtag
startup failure.
Reject CA certificates with empty Subject Key Identifier.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7762
Reviewed-By: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
ipaldap does not take into account the possibility of the attribute
encoding returned by python-ldap differing from the attribute
encoding produced by FreeIPA. In particular this can occur with DNs
with special characters that require escaping. For example,
python-ldap (or the underlying LDAP library) escapes special
characters using hex encoding:
CN=Test Sub-CA 201604041620,OU=ftweedal,O=Red Hat\2C Inc.,L=Brisbane,C=AU
Whereas FreeIPA, when encoding the DN, escapes the character
directly:
CN=Test Sub-CA 201604041620,OU=ftweedal,O=Red Hat\, Inc.,L=Brisbane,C=AU
Therefore it is possible to generate an invalid modlist. For
example, during external CA certificate renewal, if the issuer DN
includes a comma in one of the attribute values (as above), an
invalid modlist will be generated:
[ (ldap.MOD_ADD, 'ipacaissuerdn',
[b'CN=Test Sub-CA 201604041620,OU=ftweedal,O=Red Hat\, Inc.,L=Brisbane,C=AU'])
, (ldap.MOD_DELETE, 'ipacaissuerdn',
[b'CN=Test Sub-CA 201604041620,OU=ftweedal,O=Red Hat\2C Inc.,L=Brisbane,C=AU'])
]
Although encoded differently, these are the same value. If this
modification is applied to the object, attributeOrValueExists (error
20) occurs.
To avoid the issue, put deletes before adds in the modlist. If a
value is present (with different encodings) as both an addition and
a deletion, it must be because the original object contained the
value with a different encoding. Therefore it is safe to delete it,
then add it back.
Note that the modlist is not optimal. In the simplest case (like
above example), there should be no modification to perform. It is
considerably more complex (and more computation) to implement this
because the raw attribute values must be decoded before comparison.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7750
Reviewed-By: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
ipa-server-install or ipa-replica-install do not provide
a meaningful error message in CA-less mode when the install
fails because of a wrong PIN.
Update the err msg so that it provides a hint to the user.
Fixes https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/5378
Reviewed-By: Fraser Tweedale <ftweedal@redhat.com>
Replace six.moves and six.StringIO/BytesIO imports with cannonical
Python 3 packages.
Note: six.moves.input behaves differently than builtin input function.
Therefore I left six.moves.input for now.
See: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7715
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Fraser Tweedale <ftweedal@redhat.com>
On Python 3, six.text_type (singular) is an alias for str.
See: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7715
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Florence Blanc-Renaud <frenaud@redhat.com>
In Python 3, six.integer_types is (int,). In most places, the alias can
be simply replaced with int. In other places, it was possible to
simplify the code by unpacking the tuple.
See: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7715
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Florence Blanc-Renaud <frenaud@redhat.com>
In Python 3, six.string_types is just an alias for str.
See: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7715
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Florence Blanc-Renaud <frenaud@redhat.com>
Python 2 had old style and new style classes. Python 3 has only new
style classes. There is no point to subclass from object any more.
See: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7715
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Florence Blanc-Renaud <frenaud@redhat.com>
tox / pytest is complaining about lots and lots of invalid escape
sequences in our code base. Sprinkle raw strings or backslash escapes
across the code base to fix most occurences of:
DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence
There is still one warning that keeps repeating, though:
source:264: DeprecationWarning: invalid escape sequence \d
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Florence Blanc-Renaud <frenaud@redhat.com>
Remove Python 2 related code and configuration from spec file, autoconf
and CI infrastructure. From now on, FreeIPA 4.8 requires at least Python
3.6. Python 2 packages like python2-ipaserver or python2-ipaclient are
no longer available. PR-CI, lint, and tox aren't testing Python 2
compatibility either.
See: https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Changes/FreeIPA_Python_2_Removal
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7568
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Tibor Dudlak <tdudlak@redhat.com>
ipa-server-install --uninstall -v -U prints Traceback in its log file.
This issue happens because it calls subprocess.Popen with close_fds=True
(which closes all file descriptors in the child process)
but it is trying to use the file logger in the child process
(preexec_fn is called in the child just before the child is executed).
The fix is using the logger only in the parent process.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7681
Reviewed-By: Rob Crittenden <rcritten@redhat.com>
Globally disabling the following violations:
- `assignment-from-no-return` (E1111):
Assigning to function call which doesn't return. Used when an
assignment is done on a function call but the inferred function
doesn't return anything.
- `keyword-arg-before-vararg` (W1113):
Keyword argument before variable positional arguments list in the
definition of %s function When defining a keyword argument before
variable positional arguments, one can end up in having multiple
values passed for the aforementioned parameter in case the method is
called with keyword arguments.
Locally disabling the following:
- `subprocess-popen-preexec-fn` (W1509):
Using preexec_fn keyword which may be unsafe in the presence of
threads The preexec_fn parameter is not safe to use in the presence
of threads in your application. The child process could deadlock
before exec is called. If you must use it, keep it trivial! Minimize
the number of libraries you call into.
https://docs.python.org/3/library/subprocess.html#popen-constructor
Fixed violations:
- `bad-mcs-classmethod-argument` (C0204):
Metaclass class method %s should have %s as first argument Used when
a metaclass class method has a first argument named differently than
the value specified in valid-metaclass-classmethod-first-arg option
(default to "mcs"), recommended to easily differentiate them from
regular instance methods.
- Note: Actually `cls` is the default first arg for `__new__`.
- `consider-using-get` (R1715):
Consider using dict.get for getting values from a dict if a key is
present or a default if not Using the builtin dict.get for getting a
value from a dictionary if a key is present or a default if not, is
simpler and considered more idiomatic, although sometimes a bit slower
Issue: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7614
Signed-off-by: Armando Neto <abiagion@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Fix the following violations aiming to support Pylint 2.0
- `unneeded-not` (C0113):
Consider changing "not item in items" to "item not in items" used
when a boolean expression contains an unneeded negation.
- `useless-import-alias` (C0414):
Import alias does not rename original package Used when an import
alias is same as original package.e.g using import numpy as numpy
instead of import numpy as np
- `raising-format-tuple` (W0715):
Exception arguments suggest string formatting might be intended Used
when passing multiple arguments to an exception constructor, the
first of them a string literal containing what appears to be
placeholders intended for formatting
- `bad-continuation` (C0330):
This was already included on the disable list, although with current
version of pylint (2.0.0.dev2) violations at the end of the files
are not being ignored.
See: https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint/issues/2278
- `try-except-raise` (E0705):
The except handler raises immediately Used when an except handler
uses raise as its first or only operator. This is useless because it
raises back the exception immediately. Remove the raise operator or
the entire try-except-raise block!
- `consider-using-set-comprehension` (R1718):
Consider using a set comprehension Although there is nothing
syntactically wrong with this code, it is hard to read and can be
simplified to a set comprehension.Also it is faster since you don't
need to create another transient list
- `dict-keys-not-iterating` (W1655):
dict.keys referenced when not iterating Used when dict.keys is
referenced in a non-iterating context (returns an iterator in
Python 3)
- `comprehension-escape` (W1662):
Using a variable that was bound inside a comprehension Emitted when
using a variable, that was bound in a comprehension handler, outside
of the comprehension itself. On Python 3 these variables will be
deleted outside of the comprehension.
Issue: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7614
Signed-off-by: Armando Neto <abiagion@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
When multiple replicas are installed in parallel, two replicas may try
to create the cn=replica entry at the same time. This leads to a
conflict on one of the replicas. replica_config() and
ensure_replication_managers() now handle conflicts.
ipaldap now maps TYPE_OR_VALUE_EXISTS to DuplicateEntry(). The type or
value exists exception is raised, when an attribute value or type is
already set.
Fixes: https://pagure.io/freeipa/issue/7566
Signed-off-by: Christian Heimes <cheimes@redhat.com>
Reviewed-By: Thierry Bordaz <tbordaz@redhat.com>
