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108 lines
4.7 KiB
Plaintext
108 lines
4.7 KiB
Plaintext
Q: I've added a new source file, how do I make sure it's strings get translated?
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A: Run config.status in top-level directory and then run "make ipa.pot-update".
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Q: How do I pick up new strings to translate from the source files after the
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source have been modified?
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A: make ipa.pot-update
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This regenerates the pot template file by scanning all the source files.
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Then the new strings are merged into each .po file from the new pot file.
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Q: How do I just regenerate the pot template file without regenerating all the
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.po files?
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A: make ipa.pot-update
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Q: How do I add a new language for translation?
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A: Edit the LINGUAS file and add the new language. Then run "make create-po".
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This will generate a new .po file for each language which doesn't have one
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yet. Be sure to add the new .po file(s) to the source code repository. For
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certain languages, you may have to edit the Plurals line. See:
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http://www.gnu.org/software/hello/manual/gettext/Plural-forms.html
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However, if this line is wrong, it is often an indicator that the locale
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value is incorrect. For example, using 'jp' for Japanese instead of 'ja'
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will result in an invalid Plurals line.
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Q: What files must be under source code control?
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A: The files Makefile.in, LINGUAS control the build, they must be in the SCM.
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The *.pot file contains list of translatable strings and can be re-generated
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at any time from program sources, so it does not need to be in SCM.
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*.po files contain snapshot of translated strings so they must be in SCM
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for the case where translation service we use goes down.
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Be careful, .po files may be automatically updated when the source files
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change (or the .pot changes, usually the .pot file changes only as a result
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of rescanning the source files). This mean a .po file might be automatically
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updated while a file from translation service is being downloaded.
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If there is a conflict, you should generate new pot file,
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upload it do the translation service, and re-download the po files.
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Q: Which files are automatically generated and thus do not need to be in SCM?
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A: *.pot files are automatically generated from program sources.
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The *.gmo files are automatically generated on demand from their
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corresponding .po file.
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Q: What role does the .pot file play?
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A: The .pot file is called a template file. It is generated by scanning all the
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source files (e.g. *.py *.c *.h) in the project using xgettext. xgettext
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locates every translatable string (e.g. strings marked with _()) and adds
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that string along with metadata about it's location to the .pot file. Thus
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the .pot file is a collection of every translatable string in the project.
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If you edit a source file and add a translatable string you will have to
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regenerate the .pot file in order to pick up the new string.
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This template file needs to be uploaded from time to time to translation
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service so translators can translate new and updated strings incrementally.
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Q: What is the relationship between a .po file and the .pot file?
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A: A .po file contains the translations for particular language. It derives
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from the .pot file. When the .pot file is updated with new strings
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to translate each .po will merge the new strings in.
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Previously the .po file was where translators worked providing translations
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for their language.
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Today the work is done inside translation service Zanata so the .po files
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are kept in SCM just for the case of failure in the translation service.
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Q: What is the translation workflow?
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Let's use an example for French, it's .po file will be fr.po.
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1) Developer creates main.c with one translatable sting _("Begin").
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2) Maintainer produces the .pot file by running make ipa.pot-update.
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3) .pot file contains one msgid, "Begin".
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4) Maintainer uploads .pot file to Zanata translation service:
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$ zanata-cli push
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(all the parameters are taken from zanata.xml file)
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5) Translator uses Zanata service to provide the French translation
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of "Begin".
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5) Maintainer downloads fr.po as generated by Zanata service,
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it also contains one msgid, "Begin".
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$ zanata-cli pull
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6) Maintainer strips untranslated strings from .po files
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to make diffs smaller:
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$ make strip-po
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7) Maintainer commits new .po files to Git.
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Q: What are .gmo files?
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A: .gmo files are the content of a .po file but in "machine" format for fast
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run time access (mo = Machine Object, po = Portable Object). .mo files are
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what gets installed along with the package. Think of a .po as a source file
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which is compiled into an object file for run time use.
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Credits:
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- GNU project
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- John Dennis <jdennis@redhat.com> for his work on the original system
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