freeipa/ipalib/plugable.py
2008-08-12 23:45:36 +00:00

517 lines
17 KiB
Python

# Authors:
# Jason Gerard DeRose <jderose@redhat.com>
#
# Copyright (C) 2008 Red Hat
# see file 'COPYING' for use and warranty information
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
# published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 only
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
"""
Base classes for plug-in architecture and generative API.
"""
import re
import inspect
import errors
def check_identifier(name):
"""
Raises errors.NameSpaceError if `name` is not a valid Python identifier
suitable for use in a NameSpace.
"""
regex = r'^[a-z][_a-z0-9]*[a-z0-9]$'
if re.match(regex, name) is None:
raise errors.NameSpaceError(name, regex)
class ReadOnly(object):
"""
Base class for classes with read-only attributes.
Be forewarned that Python does not offer true read-only user defined
classes. In particular, do not rely upon the read-only-ness of this
class for security purposes.
The point of this class is not to make it impossible to set or delete
attributes, but to make it impossible to accidentally do so. The plugins
are not thread-safe: in the server, they are loaded once and the same
instances will be used to process many requests. Therefore, it is
imperative that they not set any instance attributes after they have
been initialized. This base class enforces that policy.
For example:
>>> class givenname(ReadOnly):
>>> def __init__(self):
>>> self.whatever = 'some value' # Hasn't been locked yet
>>> self.__lock__()
>>>
>>> def finalize(self, api):
>>> # After the instance has been locked, attributes can still be
>>> # set, but only in a round-about, unconventional way:
>>> object.__setattr__(self, 'api', api)
>>>
>>> def normalize(self, value):
>>> # After the instance has been locked, trying to set an
>>> # attribute in the normal way will raise AttributeError.
>>> self.value = value # Not thread safe!
>>> return self.actually_normalize()
>>>
>>> def actually_normalize(self):
>>> # Again, this is not thread safe:
>>> return unicode(self.value).strip()
"""
__locked = False
def __lock__(self):
"""
Puts this instance into a read-only state, after which attempting to
set or delete an attribute will raise AttributeError.
"""
assert self.__locked is False, '__lock__() can only be called once'
self.__locked = True
def __islocked__(self):
"""
Returns True if this instance is locked, False otherwise.
"""
return self.__locked
def __setattr__(self, name, value):
"""
Raises an AttributeError if ReadOnly.__lock__() has already been called;
otherwise calls object.__setattr__()
"""
if self.__locked:
raise AttributeError('read-only: cannot set %s.%s' %
(self.__class__.__name__, name)
)
return object.__setattr__(self, name, value)
def __delattr__(self, name):
"""
Raises an AttributeError if ReadOnly.__lock__() has already been called;
otherwise calls object.__delattr__()
"""
if self.__locked:
raise AttributeError('read-only: cannot del %s.%s' %
(self.__class__.__name__, name)
)
return object.__delattr__(self, name)
class Proxy(ReadOnly):
"""
Allows access to only certain attributes on its target object (a
ProxyTarget).
Think of a proxy as an agreement that "I will have at most these
attributes". This is different from (although similar to) an interface,
which can be thought of as an agreement that "I will have at least these
attributes".
"""
__slots__ = (
'__base',
'__target',
'__name_attr',
'__public__',
'name',
)
def __init__(self, base, target, name_attr='name'):
"""
`base` - the class defining the __public__ frozenset of attributes to
proxy
`target` - the target of the proxy (must be instance of `base`)
`name_attr` - the name of the str attribute on `target` to assign
to Proxy.name
"""
if not inspect.isclass(base):
raise TypeError('arg1 must be a class, got %r' % base)
if not isinstance(target, base):
raise ValueError('arg2 must be instance of arg1, got %r' % target)
self.__base = base
self.__target = target
self.__name_attr = name_attr
self.__public__ = base.__public__
assert type(self.__public__) is frozenset
self.name = getattr(target, name_attr)
check_identifier(self.name)
self.__lock__()
def implements(self, arg):
"""
Returns True if this proxy implements `arg`. Calls the corresponding
classmethod on ProxyTarget.
Unlike ProxyTarget.implements(), this is not a classmethod as a Proxy
only implements anything as an instance.
"""
return self.__base.implements(arg)
def __clone__(self, name_attr):
"""
Returns a Proxy instance identical to this one except the proxy name
might be derived from a different attribute on the target. The same
base and target will be used.
"""
return self.__class__(self.__base, self.__target, name_attr)
def __iter__(self):
"""
Iterates (in ascending order) though the attribute names this proxy is
allowing access to.
"""
for name in sorted(self.__public__):
yield name
def __getitem__(self, key):
"""
If this proxy allows access to an attribute named `key`, return that
attribute.
"""
if key in self.__public__:
return getattr(self.__target, key)
raise KeyError('no proxy attribute %r' % key)
def __getattr__(self, name):
"""
If this proxy allows access to an attribute named `name`, return that
attribute.
"""
if name in self.__public__:
return getattr(self.__target, name)
raise AttributeError('no proxy attribute %r' % name)
def __call__(self, *args, **kw):
"""
Attempts to call target.__call__(); raises KeyError if `__call__` is
not an attribute this proxy allows access to.
"""
return self['__call__'](*args, **kw)
def __repr__(self):
"""
Returns a Python expression that could be used to construct this Proxy
instance given the appropriate environment.
"""
return '%s(%s, %r, %r)' % (
self.__class__.__name__,
self.__base.__name__,
self.__target,
self.__name_attr,
)
class ProxyTarget(ReadOnly):
__public__ = frozenset()
def __get_name(self):
"""
Convenience property to return the class name.
"""
return self.__class__.__name__
name = property(__get_name)
@classmethod
def implements(cls, arg):
"""
Returns True if this cls.__public__ frozenset contains `arg`;
returns False otherwise.
There are three different ways this can be called:
1. With a <type 'str'> argument, e.g.:
>>> class base(ProxyTarget):
>>> __public__ = frozenset(['some_attr', 'another_attr'])
>>> base.implements('some_attr')
True
>>> base.implements('an_unknown_attribute')
False
2. With a <type 'frozenset'> argument, e.g.:
>>> base.implements(frozenset(['some_attr']))
True
>>> base.implements(frozenset(['some_attr', 'an_unknown_attribute']))
False
3. With any object that has a `__public__` attribute that is
<type 'frozenset'>, e.g.:
>>> class whatever(object):
>>> __public__ = frozenset(['another_attr'])
>>> base.implements(whatever)
True
Unlike ProxyTarget.implemented_by(), this returns an abstract answer
because only the __public__ frozenset is checked... a ProxyTarget
need not itself have attributes for all names in __public__
(subclasses might provide them).
"""
assert type(cls.__public__) is frozenset
if isinstance(arg, str):
return arg in cls.__public__
if type(getattr(arg, '__public__', None)) is frozenset:
return cls.__public__.issuperset(arg.__public__)
if type(arg) is frozenset:
return cls.__public__.issuperset(arg)
raise TypeError(
"must be str, frozenset, or have frozenset '__public__' attribute"
)
@classmethod
def implemented_by(cls, arg):
"""
Returns True if (1) `arg` is an instance of or subclass of this class,
and (2) `arg` (or `arg.__class__` if instance) has an attribute for
each name in this class's __public__ frozenset; returns False
otherwise.
Unlike ProxyTarget.implements(), this returns a concrete answer
because the attributes of the subclass are checked.
"""
if inspect.isclass(arg):
subclass = arg
else:
subclass = arg.__class__
assert issubclass(subclass, cls), 'must be subclass of %r' % cls
for name in cls.__public__:
if not hasattr(subclass, name):
return False
return True
class Plugin(ProxyTarget):
"""
Base class for all plugins.
"""
__api = None
def __get_api(self):
"""
Returns the plugable.API instance passed to Plugin.finalize(), or
or returns None if finalize() has not yet been called.
"""
return self.__api
api = property(__get_api)
def finalize(self, api):
"""
After all the plugins are instantiated, the plugable.API calls this
method, passing itself as the only argument. This is where plugins
should check that other plugins they depend upon have actually been
loaded.
"""
assert self.__api is None, 'finalize() can only be called once'
assert api is not None, 'finalize() argument cannot be None'
self.__api = api
def __repr__(self):
"""
Returns a fully qualified module_name.class_name() representation that
could be used to construct this Plugin instance.
"""
return '%s.%s()' % (
self.__class__.__module__,
self.__class__.__name__
)
class NameSpace(ReadOnly):
"""
A read-only namespace of Proxy instances. Proxy.name is used to name the
attributes pointing to the Proxy instances, which can also be accesses
through a dictionary interface, for example:
>>> assert namespace.my_proxy is namespace['my_proxy'] # True
"""
def __init__(self, proxies):
"""
`proxies` - an iterable returning the Proxy instances to be contained
in this NameSpace.
"""
self.__proxies = tuple(proxies)
self.__d = dict()
for proxy in self.__proxies:
assert isinstance(proxy, Proxy)
assert proxy.name not in self.__d
self.__d[proxy.name] = proxy
assert not hasattr(self, proxy.name)
setattr(self, proxy.name, proxy)
self.__lock__()
def __iter__(self):
"""
Iterates through the proxies in this NameSpace in the same order they
were passed to the constructor.
"""
for proxy in self.__proxies:
yield proxy
def __len__(self):
"""
Returns number of proxies in this NameSpace.
"""
return len(self.__proxies)
def __contains__(self, key):
"""
Returns True if a proxy named `key` is in this NameSpace.
"""
return key in self.__d
def __getitem__(self, key):
"""
Returns proxy named `key`; otherwise raises KeyError.
"""
if key in self.__d:
return self.__d[key]
raise KeyError('NameSpace has no item for key %r' % key)
def __repr__(self):
return '%s(<%d proxies>)' % (self.__class__.__name__, len(self))
class Registrar(ReadOnly):
def __init__(self, *allowed):
"""
`*allowed` is a list of the base classes plugins can be subclassed
from.
"""
self.__allowed = frozenset(allowed)
self.__d = {}
self.__registered = set()
assert len(self.__allowed) == len(allowed)
for base in self.__allowed:
assert inspect.isclass(base)
assert base.__name__ not in self.__d
self.__d[base.__name__] = {}
self.__lock__()
def __findbase(self, cls):
"""
If `cls` is a subclass of a base in self.__allowed, returns that
base; otherwise raises SubclassError.
"""
assert inspect.isclass(cls)
found = False
for base in self.__allowed:
if issubclass(cls, base):
found = True
yield base
if not found:
raise errors.SubclassError(cls, self.__allowed)
def __call__(self, cls, override=False):
"""
Register the plugin `cls`.
"""
if not inspect.isclass(cls):
raise TypeError('plugin must be a class: %r' % cls)
# Raise DuplicateError if this exact class was already registered:
if cls in self.__registered:
raise errors.DuplicateError(cls)
# Find the base class or raise SubclassError:
for base in self.__findbase(cls):
sub_d = self.__d[base.__name__]
# Check override:
if cls.__name__ in sub_d:
# Must use override=True to override:
if not override:
raise errors.OverrideError(base, cls)
else:
# There was nothing already registered to override:
if override:
raise errors.MissingOverrideError(base, cls)
# The plugin is okay, add to sub_d:
sub_d[cls.__name__] = cls
# The plugin is okay, add to __registered:
self.__registered.add(cls)
def __getitem__(self, item):
"""
Returns a copy of the namespace dict of the base class named `name`.
"""
if inspect.isclass(item):
if item not in self.__allowed:
raise KeyError(repr(item))
key = item.__name__
else:
key = item
return dict(self.__d[key])
def __contains__(self, item):
"""
Returns True if a base class named `name` is in this Registrar.
"""
if inspect.isclass(item):
return item in self.__allowed
return item in self.__d
def __iter__(self):
"""
Iterates through a (base, registered_plugins) tuple for each allowed
base.
"""
for base in self.__allowed:
sub_d = self.__d[base.__name__]
yield (base, tuple(sub_d[k] for k in sorted(sub_d)))
class API(ReadOnly):
__finalized = False
def __init__(self, *allowed):
self.__keys = tuple(b.__name__ for b in allowed)
self.register = Registrar(*allowed)
self.__lock__()
def finalize(self):
"""
Finalize the registration, instantiate the plugins.
"""
assert not self.__finalized, 'finalize() can only be called once'
d = {}
def plugin_iter(base, classes):
for cls in classes:
if cls not in d:
d[cls] = cls()
plugin = d[cls]
yield Proxy(base, plugin)
for (base, classes) in self.register:
ns = NameSpace(plugin_iter(base, classes))
assert not hasattr(self, base.__name__)
object.__setattr__(self, base.__name__, ns)
for plugin in d.values():
plugin.finalize(self)
plugin.__lock__()
assert plugin.__islocked__() is True
assert plugin.api is self
object.__setattr__(self, '_API__finalized', True)
def __iter__(self):
for key in self.__keys:
yield key