grafana/pkg/apiserver/storage/testing/store_tests.go

// SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
// Provenance-includes-location: https://github.com/kubernetes/apiserver/blob/master/pkg/storage/testing/store_tests.go
// Provenance-includes-license: Apache-2.0
// Provenance-includes-copyright: The Kubernetes Authors.

package testing

import (
	"context"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"math"
	"reflect"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"testing"

	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
	apierrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/fields"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/labels"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/watch"
	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/apis/example"
	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage"
	"k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/storage/value"
	"k8s.io/utils/ptr"
)

type KeyValidation func(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, key string)

func RunTestCreate(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface, validation KeyValidation) {
	tests := []struct {
		name          string
		inputObj      *example.Pod
		expectedError error
	}{{
		name:     "successful create",
		inputObj: &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns"}},
	}, {
		name:          "create with ResourceVersion set",
		inputObj:      &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "bar", Namespace: "test-ns", ResourceVersion: "1"}},
		expectedError: storage.ErrResourceVersionSetOnCreate,
	}}

	for _, tt := range tests {
		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			out := &example.Pod{} // reset
			// verify that kv pair is empty before set
			key := computePodKey(tt.inputObj)
			if err := store.Get(ctx, key, storage.GetOptions{}, out); !storage.IsNotFound(err) {
				t.Fatalf("expecting empty result on key %s, got %v", key, err)
			}

			err := store.Create(ctx, key, tt.inputObj, out, 0)
			if !errors.Is(err, tt.expectedError) {
				t.Errorf("expecting error %v, but get: %v", tt.expectedError, err)
			}
			if err != nil {
				return
			}
			// basic tests of the output
			if tt.inputObj.ObjectMeta.Name != out.ObjectMeta.Name {
				t.Errorf("pod name want=%s, get=%s", tt.inputObj.ObjectMeta.Name, out.ObjectMeta.Name)
			}
			if out.ResourceVersion == "" {
				t.Errorf("output should have non-empty resource version")
			}
			validation(ctx, t, key)
		})
	}
}

func RunTestCreateWithTTL(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	input := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns"}}
	out := &example.Pod{}

	key := computePodKey(input)
	if err := store.Create(ctx, key, input, out, 1); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Create failed: %v", err)
	}

	w, err := store.Watch(ctx, key, storage.ListOptions{ResourceVersion: out.ResourceVersion, Predicate: storage.Everything})
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Watch failed: %v", err)
	}
	testCheckEventType(t, w, watch.Deleted)
}

func RunTestCreateWithKeyExist(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	obj := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns"}}
	key, _ := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, obj)
	out := &example.Pod{}

	err := store.Create(ctx, key, obj, out, 0)
	if err == nil || !storage.IsExist(err) {
		t.Errorf("expecting key exists error, but get: %s", err)
	}
}

func RunTestGet(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	// create an object to test
	key, createdObj := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns"}})
	// update the object once to allow get by exact resource version to be tested
	updateObj := createdObj.DeepCopy()
	updateObj.Annotations = map[string]string{"test-annotation": "1"}
	storedObj := &example.Pod{}
	err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, storedObj, true, nil,
		func(_ runtime.Object, _ storage.ResponseMeta) (runtime.Object, *uint64, error) {
			ttl := uint64(1)
			return updateObj, &ttl, nil
		}, nil)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Update failed: %v", err)
	}
	// create an additional object to increment the resource version for pods above the resource version of the foo object
	secondObj := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "bar", Namespace: "test-ns"}}
	lastUpdatedObj := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.Create(ctx, computePodKey(secondObj), secondObj, lastUpdatedObj, 0); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Set failed: %v", err)
	}

	currentRV, _ := strconv.Atoi(storedObj.ResourceVersion)
	lastUpdatedCurrentRV, _ := strconv.Atoi(lastUpdatedObj.ResourceVersion)

	// TODO(jpbetz): Add exact test cases
	tests := []struct {
		name                 string
		key                  string
		ignoreNotFound       bool
		expectNotFoundErr    bool
		expectRVTooLarge     bool
		expectedOut          *example.Pod
		expectedAlternatives []*example.Pod
		rv                   string
	}{{
		name:              "get existing",
		key:               key,
		ignoreNotFound:    false,
		expectNotFoundErr: false,
		expectedOut:       storedObj,
	}, {
		// For RV=0 arbitrarily old version is allowed, including from the moment
		// when the object didn't yet exist.
		// As a result, we allow it by setting ignoreNotFound and allowing an empty
		// object in expectedOut.
		name:                 "resource version 0",
		key:                  key,
		ignoreNotFound:       true,
		expectedAlternatives: []*example.Pod{{}, createdObj, storedObj},
		rv:                   "0",
	}, {
		// Given that Get with set ResourceVersion is effectively always
		// NotOlderThan semantic, both versions of object are allowed.
		name:                 "object created resource version",
		key:                  key,
		expectedAlternatives: []*example.Pod{createdObj, storedObj},
		rv:                   createdObj.ResourceVersion,
	}, {
		name:        "current object resource version, match=NotOlderThan",
		key:         key,
		expectedOut: storedObj,
		rv:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", currentRV),
	}, {
		name:        "latest resource version",
		key:         key,
		expectedOut: storedObj,
		rv:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", lastUpdatedCurrentRV),
	}, {
		name:             "too high resource version",
		key:              key,
		expectRVTooLarge: true,
		rv:               strconv.FormatInt(math.MaxInt64, 10),
	}, {
		name:              "get non-existing",
		key:               "/non-existing",
		ignoreNotFound:    false,
		expectNotFoundErr: true,
	}, {
		name:              "get non-existing, ignore not found",
		key:               "/non-existing",
		ignoreNotFound:    true,
		expectNotFoundErr: false,
		expectedOut:       &example.Pod{},
	}}

	for _, tt := range tests {
		tt := tt
		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			// For some asynchronous implementations of storage interface (in particular watchcache),
			// certain requests may impact result of further requests. As an example, if we first
			// ensure that watchcache is synchronized up to ResourceVersion X (using Get/List requests
			// with NotOlderThan semantic), the further requests (even specifying earlier resource
			// version) will also return the result synchronized to at least ResourceVersion X.
			// By parallelizing test cases we ensure that the order in which test cases are defined
			// doesn't automatically preclude some scenarios from happening.
			t.Parallel()

			out := &example.Pod{}
			err := store.Get(ctx, tt.key, storage.GetOptions{IgnoreNotFound: tt.ignoreNotFound, ResourceVersion: tt.rv}, out)
			if tt.expectNotFoundErr {
				if err == nil || !storage.IsNotFound(err) {
					t.Errorf("expecting not found error, but get: %v", err)
				}
				return
			}
			if tt.expectRVTooLarge {
				if err == nil || !storage.IsTooLargeResourceVersion(err) {
					t.Errorf("expecting resource version too high error, but get: %v", err)
				}
				return
			}
			if err != nil {
				t.Fatalf("Get failed: %v", err)
			}

			if tt.expectedAlternatives == nil {
				expectNoDiff(t, fmt.Sprintf("%s: incorrect pod", tt.name), tt.expectedOut, out)
			} else {
				ExpectContains(t, fmt.Sprintf("%s: incorrect pod", tt.name), toInterfaceSlice(tt.expectedAlternatives), out)
			}
		})
	}
}

func RunTestUnconditionalDelete(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	key, storedObj := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns"}})

	tests := []struct {
		name              string
		key               string
		expectedObj       *example.Pod
		expectNotFoundErr bool
	}{{
		name:              "existing key",
		key:               key,
		expectedObj:       storedObj,
		expectNotFoundErr: false,
	}, {
		name:              "non-existing key",
		key:               "/non-existing",
		expectedObj:       nil,
		expectNotFoundErr: true,
	}}

	for _, tt := range tests {
		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			out := &example.Pod{} // reset
			err := store.Delete(ctx, tt.key, out, nil, storage.ValidateAllObjectFunc, nil)
			if tt.expectNotFoundErr {
				if err == nil || !storage.IsNotFound(err) {
					t.Errorf("expecting not found error, but get: %s", err)
				}
				return
			}
			if err != nil {
				t.Fatalf("Delete failed: %v", err)
			}
			// We expect the resource version of the returned object to be
			// updated compared to the last existing object.
			if storedObj.ResourceVersion == out.ResourceVersion {
				t.Errorf("expecting resource version to be updated, but get: %s", out.ResourceVersion)
			}
			out.ResourceVersion = storedObj.ResourceVersion
			expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect pod:", tt.expectedObj, out)
		})
	}
}

func RunTestConditionalDelete(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	obj := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns", UID: "A"}}
	key, storedObj := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, obj)

	tests := []struct {
		name                string
		precondition        *storage.Preconditions
		expectInvalidObjErr bool
	}{{
		name:                "UID match",
		precondition:        storage.NewUIDPreconditions("A"),
		expectInvalidObjErr: false,
	}, {
		name:                "UID mismatch",
		precondition:        storage.NewUIDPreconditions("B"),
		expectInvalidObjErr: true,
	}}

	for _, tt := range tests {
		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			out := &example.Pod{}
			err := store.Delete(ctx, key, out, tt.precondition, storage.ValidateAllObjectFunc, nil)
			if tt.expectInvalidObjErr {
				if err == nil || !storage.IsInvalidObj(err) {
					t.Errorf("expecting invalid UID error, but get: %s", err)
				}
				return
			}
			if err != nil {
				t.Fatalf("Delete failed: %v", err)
			}
			// We expect the resource version of the returned object to be
			// updated compared to the last existing object.
			if storedObj.ResourceVersion == out.ResourceVersion {
				t.Errorf("expecting resource version to be updated, but get: %s", out.ResourceVersion)
			}
			out.ResourceVersion = storedObj.ResourceVersion
			expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect pod:", storedObj, out)
			obj := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns", UID: "A"}}
			key, storedObj = testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, obj)
		})
	}
}

// The following set of Delete tests are testing the logic of adding `suggestion`
// as a parameter with probably value of the current state.
// Introducing it for GuaranteedUpdate cause a number of issues, so we're addressing
// all of those upfront by adding appropriate tests:
// - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/35415
//   [DONE] Lack of tests originally - added TestDeleteWithSuggestion.
// - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/40664
//   [DONE] Irrelevant for delete, as Delete doesn't write data (nor compare it).
// - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/47703
//   [DONE] Irrelevant for delete, because Delete doesn't persist data.
// - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/48394/
//   [DONE] Irrelevant for delete, because Delete doesn't compare data.
// - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/43152
//   [DONE] Added TestDeleteWithSuggestionAndConflict
// - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/54780
//   [DONE] Irrelevant for delete, because Delete doesn't compare data.
// - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/58375
//   [DONE] Irrelevant for delete, because Delete doesn't compare data.
// - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/77619
//   [DONE] Added TestValidateDeletionWithSuggestion for corresponding delete checks.
// - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/78713
//   [DONE] Bug was in getState function which is shared with the new code.
// - https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/78713
//   [DONE] Added TestPreconditionalDeleteWithSuggestion

func RunTestDeleteWithSuggestion(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	key, originalPod := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "name", Namespace: "test-ns"}})

	out := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.Delete(ctx, key, out, nil, storage.ValidateAllObjectFunc, originalPod); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during deletion: %v", err)
	}

	if err := store.Get(ctx, key, storage.GetOptions{}, &example.Pod{}); !storage.IsNotFound(err) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error on reading object: %v", err)
	}
}

func RunTestDeleteWithSuggestionAndConflict(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	key, originalPod := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "name", Namespace: "test-ns"}})

	// First update, so originalPod is outdated.
	updatedPod := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, updatedPod, false, nil,
		storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
			pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
			pod.ObjectMeta.Labels = map[string]string{"foo": "bar"}
			return pod, nil
		}), nil); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during updated: %v", err)
	}

	out := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.Delete(ctx, key, out, nil, storage.ValidateAllObjectFunc, originalPod); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during deletion: %v", err)
	}

	if err := store.Get(ctx, key, storage.GetOptions{}, &example.Pod{}); !storage.IsNotFound(err) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error on reading object: %v", err)
	}
	updatedPod.ObjectMeta.ResourceVersion = out.ObjectMeta.ResourceVersion
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect pod:", updatedPod, out)
}

// RunTestDeleteWithConflict tests the case when another conflicting update happened before the delete completed.
func RunTestDeleteWithConflict(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	key, _ := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "name", Namespace: "test-ns"}})

	// First update, so originalPod is outdated.
	updatedPod := &example.Pod{}
	validateCount := 0
	updateCount := 0
	// Simulate a conflicting update in the middle of delete.
	validateAllWithUpdate := func(_ context.Context, _ runtime.Object) error {
		validateCount++
		if validateCount > 1 {
			return nil
		}
		if err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, updatedPod, false, nil,
			storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
				pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
				pod.ObjectMeta.Labels = map[string]string{"foo": "bar"}
				return pod, nil
			}), nil); err != nil {
			t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during updated: %v", err)
		}
		updateCount++
		return nil
	}

	out := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.Delete(ctx, key, out, nil, validateAllWithUpdate, nil); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during deletion: %v", err)
	}

	if validateCount != 2 {
		t.Errorf("Expect validateCount = %d, but got %d", 2, validateCount)
	}
	if updateCount != 1 {
		t.Errorf("Expect updateCount = %d, but got %d", 1, updateCount)
	}

	if err := store.Get(ctx, key, storage.GetOptions{}, &example.Pod{}); !storage.IsNotFound(err) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error on reading object: %v", err)
	}
	updatedPod.ObjectMeta.ResourceVersion = out.ObjectMeta.ResourceVersion
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect pod:", updatedPod, out)
}

func RunTestDeleteWithSuggestionOfDeletedObject(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	key, originalPod := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "name", Namespace: "test-ns"}})

	// First delete, so originalPod is outdated.
	deletedPod := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.Delete(ctx, key, deletedPod, nil, storage.ValidateAllObjectFunc, originalPod); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during deletion: %v", err)
	}

	// Now try deleting with stale object.
	out := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.Delete(ctx, key, out, nil, storage.ValidateAllObjectFunc, originalPod); !storage.IsNotFound(err) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error during deletion: %v, expected not-found", err)
	}
}

func RunTestValidateDeletionWithSuggestion(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	key, originalPod := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "name", Namespace: "test-ns"}})

	// Check that validaing fresh object fails is called once and fails.
	validationCalls := 0
	validationError := fmt.Errorf("validation error")
	validateNothing := func(_ context.Context, _ runtime.Object) error {
		validationCalls++
		return validationError
	}
	out := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.Delete(ctx, key, out, nil, validateNothing, originalPod); !errors.Is(err, validationError) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during deletion: %v", err)
	}
	if validationCalls != 1 {
		t.Errorf("validate function should have been called once, called %d", validationCalls)
	}

	// First update, so originalPod is outdated.
	updatedPod := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, updatedPod, false, nil,
		storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
			pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
			pod.ObjectMeta.Labels = map[string]string{"foo": "bar"}
			return pod, nil
		}), nil); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during updated: %v", err)
	}

	calls := 0
	validateFresh := func(_ context.Context, obj runtime.Object) error {
		calls++
		pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
		if pod.ObjectMeta.Labels == nil || pod.ObjectMeta.Labels["foo"] != "bar" {
			return fmt.Errorf("stale object")
		}
		return nil
	}

	if err := store.Delete(ctx, key, out, nil, validateFresh, originalPod); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during deletion: %v", err)
	}

	// Implementations of the storage interface are allowed to ignore the suggestion,
	// in which case just one validation call is possible.
	if calls > 2 {
		t.Errorf("validate function should have been called at most twice, called %d", calls)
	}

	if err := store.Get(ctx, key, storage.GetOptions{}, &example.Pod{}); !storage.IsNotFound(err) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error on reading object: %v", err)
	}
}

// RunTestValidateDeletionWithOnlySuggestionValid tests the case of delete with validateDeletion function,
// when the suggested cachedExistingObject passes the validate function while the current version does not pass the validate function.
func RunTestValidateDeletionWithOnlySuggestionValid(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	key, originalPod := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "name", Namespace: "test-ns", Labels: map[string]string{"foo": "bar"}}})

	// Check that validaing fresh object fails is called once and fails.
	validationCalls := 0
	validationError := fmt.Errorf("validation error")
	validateNothing := func(_ context.Context, _ runtime.Object) error {
		validationCalls++
		return validationError
	}
	out := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.Delete(ctx, key, out, nil, validateNothing, originalPod); !errors.Is(err, validationError) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during deletion: %v", err)
	}
	if validationCalls != 1 {
		t.Errorf("validate function should have been called once, called %d", validationCalls)
	}

	// First update, so originalPod is outdated.
	updatedPod := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, updatedPod, false, nil,
		storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
			pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
			pod.ObjectMeta.Labels = map[string]string{"foo": "barbar"}
			return pod, nil
		}), nil); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during updated: %v", err)
	}

	calls := 0
	validateFresh := func(_ context.Context, obj runtime.Object) error {
		calls++
		pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
		if pod.ObjectMeta.Labels == nil || pod.ObjectMeta.Labels["foo"] != "bar" {
			return fmt.Errorf("stale object")
		}
		return nil
	}

	err := store.Delete(ctx, key, out, nil, validateFresh, originalPod)
	if err == nil || err.Error() != "stale object" {
		t.Errorf("expecting stale object error, but get: %s", err)
	}

	// Implementations of the storage interface are allowed to ignore the suggestion,
	// in which case just one validation call is possible.
	if calls > 2 {
		t.Errorf("validate function should have been called at most twice, called %d", calls)
	}

	if err = store.Get(ctx, key, storage.GetOptions{}, out); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error on reading object: %v", err)
	}
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect pod:", updatedPod, out)
}

func RunTestPreconditionalDeleteWithSuggestion(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	key, originalPod := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "name", Namespace: "test-ns"}})

	// First update, so originalPod is outdated.
	updatedPod := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, updatedPod, false, nil,
		storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
			pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
			pod.ObjectMeta.UID = "myUID"
			return pod, nil
		}), nil); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during updated: %v", err)
	}

	prec := storage.NewUIDPreconditions("myUID")

	out := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.Delete(ctx, key, out, prec, storage.ValidateAllObjectFunc, originalPod); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during deletion: %v", err)
	}

	if err := store.Get(ctx, key, storage.GetOptions{}, &example.Pod{}); !storage.IsNotFound(err) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error on reading object: %v", err)
	}
}

// RunTestPreconditionalDeleteWithOnlySuggestionPass tests the case of delete with preconditions,
// when the suggested cachedExistingObject passes the preconditions while the current version does not pass the preconditions.
func RunTestPreconditionalDeleteWithOnlySuggestionPass(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	key, originalPod := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "name", Namespace: "test-ns", UID: "myUID"}})

	// First update, so originalPod is outdated.
	updatedPod := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, updatedPod, false, nil,
		storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
			pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
			pod.ObjectMeta.UID = "otherUID"
			return pod, nil
		}), nil); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected failure during updated: %v", err)
	}

	prec := storage.NewUIDPreconditions("myUID")
	// Although originalPod passes the precondition, its delete would fail due to conflict.
	// The 2nd try with updatedPod would fail the precondition.
	out := &example.Pod{}
	err := store.Delete(ctx, key, out, prec, storage.ValidateAllObjectFunc, originalPod)
	if err == nil || !storage.IsInvalidObj(err) {
		t.Errorf("expecting invalid UID error, but get: %s", err)
	}

	if err = store.Get(ctx, key, storage.GetOptions{}, out); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error on reading object: %v", err)
	}
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect pod:", updatedPod, out)
}

func RunTestList(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface, compaction Compaction, ignoreWatchCacheTests bool) {
	initialRV, preset, err := seedMultiLevelData(ctx, store)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	list := &example.PodList{}
	storageOpts := storage.ListOptions{
		// Ensure we're listing from "now".
		ResourceVersion: "",
		Predicate:       storage.Everything,
		Recursive:       true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, "/second", storageOpts, list); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
	}
	continueRV, _ := strconv.Atoi(list.ResourceVersion)
	secondContinuation, err := storage.EncodeContinue("/second/foo", "/second/", int64(continueRV))
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}

	getAttrs := func(obj runtime.Object) (labels.Set, fields.Set, error) {
		pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
		return nil, fields.Set{"metadata.name": pod.Name, "spec.nodeName": pod.Spec.NodeName}, nil
	}
	// Use compact to increase etcd global revision without changes to any resources.
	// The increase in resources version comes from Kubernetes compaction updating hidden key.
	// Used to test consistent List to confirm it returns latest etcd revision.
	compaction(ctx, t, initialRV)
	currentRV := fmt.Sprintf("%d", continueRV+1)

	tests := []struct {
		name                       string
		rv                         string
		rvMatch                    metav1.ResourceVersionMatch
		prefix                     string
		pred                       storage.SelectionPredicate
		ignoreForWatchCache        bool
		expectedOut                []example.Pod
		expectedAlternatives       [][]example.Pod
		expectContinue             bool
		expectedRemainingItemCount *int64
		expectError                bool
		expectRVTooLarge           bool
		expectRV                   string
		expectRVFunc               func(string) error
	}{
		{
			name:        "rejects invalid resource version",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			rv:          "abc",
			expectError: true,
		},
		{
			name:   "rejects resource version and continue token",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label:    labels.Everything(),
				Field:    fields.Everything(),
				Limit:    1,
				Continue: secondContinuation,
			},
			rv:          "1",
			expectError: true,
		},
		{
			name:             "rejects resource version set too high",
			prefix:           KeyFunc("", ""),
			rv:               strconv.FormatInt(math.MaxInt64, 10),
			expectRVTooLarge: true,
		},
		{
			name:        "test List on existing key",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[0]},
		},
		{
			name:                 "test List on existing key with resource version set to 0",
			prefix:               KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred:                 storage.Everything,
			expectedAlternatives: [][]example.Pod{{}, {*preset[0]}},
			rv:                   "0",
		},
		{
			name:        "test List on existing key with resource version set before first write, match=Exact",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
			rv:          initialRV,
			rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchExact,
			expectRV:    initialRV,
		},
		{
			name:                 "test List on existing key with resource version set to 0, match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix:               KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred:                 storage.Everything,
			expectedAlternatives: [][]example.Pod{{}, {*preset[0]}},
			rv:                   "0",
			rvMatch:              metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
		},
		{
			name:        "test List on existing key with resource version set to 0, match=Invalid",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			rv:          "0",
			rvMatch:     "Invalid",
			expectError: true,
		},
		{
			name:                 "test List on existing key with resource version set before first write, match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix:               KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred:                 storage.Everything,
			expectedAlternatives: [][]example.Pod{{}, {*preset[0]}},
			rv:                   initialRV,
			rvMatch:              metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
		},
		{
			name:        "test List on existing key with resource version set before first write, match=Invalid",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			rv:          initialRV,
			rvMatch:     "Invalid",
			expectError: true,
		},
		{
			name:        "test List on existing key with resource version set to current resource version",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[0]},
			rv:          list.ResourceVersion,
		},
		{
			name:        "test List on existing key with resource version set to current resource version, match=Exact",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[0]},
			rv:          list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchExact,
			expectRV:    list.ResourceVersion,
		},
		{
			name:        "test List on existing key with resource version set to current resource version, match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[0]},
			rv:          list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
		},
		{
			name:        "test List on non-existing key",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("non-existing", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with pod name matching",
			prefix: KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Field: fields.ParseSelectorOrDie("metadata.name!=bar"),
			},
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with pod name matching with resource version set to current resource version, match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix: KeyFunc("first", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Field: fields.ParseSelectorOrDie("metadata.name!=bar"),
			},
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
			rv:          list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with limit",
			prefix: KeyFunc("second", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Field: fields.Everything(),
				Limit: 1,
			},
			expectedOut:                []example.Pod{*preset[1]},
			expectContinue:             true,
			expectedRemainingItemCount: ptr.To(int64(1)),
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with limit at current resource version",
			prefix: KeyFunc("second", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Field: fields.Everything(),
				Limit: 1,
			},
			expectedOut:                []example.Pod{*preset[1]},
			expectContinue:             true,
			expectedRemainingItemCount: ptr.To(int64(1)),
			rv:                         list.ResourceVersion,
			expectRV:                   list.ResourceVersion,
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with limit at current resource version and match=Exact",
			prefix: KeyFunc("second", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Field: fields.Everything(),
				Limit: 1,
			},
			expectedOut:                []example.Pod{*preset[1]},
			expectContinue:             true,
			expectedRemainingItemCount: ptr.To(int64(1)),
			rv:                         list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:                    metav1.ResourceVersionMatchExact,
			expectRV:                   list.ResourceVersion,
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with limit at current resource version and match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix: KeyFunc("second", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Field: fields.Everything(),
				Limit: 1,
			},
			expectedOut:                []example.Pod{*preset[1]},
			expectContinue:             true,
			expectedRemainingItemCount: ptr.To(int64(1)),
			rv:                         list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:                    metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectRVFunc:               resourceVersionNotOlderThan(list.ResourceVersion),
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with limit at resource version 0",
			prefix: KeyFunc("second", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Field: fields.Everything(),
				Limit: 1,
			},
			// TODO(#108003): As of now, watchcache is deliberately ignoring
			// limit if RV=0 is specified, returning whole list of objects.
			// While this should eventually get fixed, for now we're explicitly
			// ignoring this testcase for watchcache.
			ignoreForWatchCache:        true,
			expectedOut:                []example.Pod{*preset[1]},
			expectContinue:             true,
			expectedRemainingItemCount: ptr.To(int64(1)),
			rv:                         "0",
			expectRVFunc:               resourceVersionNotOlderThan(list.ResourceVersion),
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with limit at resource version 0 match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix: KeyFunc("second", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Field: fields.Everything(),
				Limit: 1,
			},
			// TODO(#108003): As of now, watchcache is deliberately ignoring
			// limit if RV=0 is specified, returning whole list of objects.
			// While this should eventually get fixed, for now we're explicitly
			// ignoring this testcase for watchcache.
			ignoreForWatchCache:        true,
			expectedOut:                []example.Pod{*preset[1]},
			expectContinue:             true,
			expectedRemainingItemCount: ptr.To(int64(1)),
			rv:                         "0",
			rvMatch:                    metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectRVFunc:               resourceVersionNotOlderThan(list.ResourceVersion),
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with limit at resource version before first write and match=Exact",
			prefix: KeyFunc("second", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Field: fields.Everything(),
				Limit: 1,
			},
			expectedOut:    []example.Pod{},
			expectContinue: false,
			rv:             initialRV,
			rvMatch:        metav1.ResourceVersionMatchExact,
			expectRV:       initialRV,
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with pregenerated continue token",
			prefix: KeyFunc("second", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label:    labels.Everything(),
				Field:    fields.Everything(),
				Limit:    1,
				Continue: secondContinuation,
			},
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[2]},
		},
		{
			name:   "ignores resource version 0 for List with pregenerated continue token",
			prefix: KeyFunc("second", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Label:    labels.Everything(),
				Field:    fields.Everything(),
				Limit:    1,
				Continue: secondContinuation,
			},
			rv:          "0",
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[2]},
		},
		{
			name:        "test List with multiple levels of directories and expect flattened result",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("second", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[1], *preset[2]},
		},
		{
			name:        "test List with multiple levels of directories and expect flattened result with current resource version and match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("second", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			rv:          list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[1], *preset[2]},
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with filter returning only one item, ensure only a single page returned",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "barfoo"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 1,
			},
			expectedOut:    []example.Pod{*preset[3]},
			expectContinue: true,
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with filter returning only one item, ensure only a single page returned with current resource version and match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "barfoo"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 1,
			},
			rv:             list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:        metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectedOut:    []example.Pod{*preset[3]},
			expectContinue: true,
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with filter returning only one item, covers the entire list",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "barfoo"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 2,
			},
			expectedOut:    []example.Pod{*preset[3]},
			expectContinue: false,
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with filter returning only one item, covers the entire list with current resource version and match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "barfoo"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 2,
			},
			rv:             list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:        metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectedOut:    []example.Pod{*preset[3]},
			expectContinue: false,
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with filter returning only one item, covers the entire list, with resource version 0",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "barfoo"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 2,
			},
			rv:                   "0",
			expectedAlternatives: [][]example.Pod{{}, {*preset[3]}},
			expectContinue:       false,
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with filter returning two items, more pages possible",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "bar"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 2,
			},
			expectContinue: true,
			expectedOut:    []example.Pod{*preset[0], *preset[1]},
		},
		{
			name:   "test List with filter returning two items, more pages possible with current resource version and match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "bar"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 2,
			},
			rv:             list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:        metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectContinue: true,
			expectedOut:    []example.Pod{*preset[0], *preset[1]},
		},
		{
			name:   "filter returns two items split across multiple pages",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "foo"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 2,
			},
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[2], *preset[4]},
		},
		{
			name:   "filter returns two items split across multiple pages with current resource version and match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "foo"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 2,
			},
			rv:          list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[2], *preset[4]},
		},
		{
			name:   "filter returns one item for last page, ends on last item, not full",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field:    fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "foo"),
				Label:    labels.Everything(),
				Limit:    2,
				Continue: encodeContinueOrDie("third/barfoo", int64(continueRV)),
			},
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[4]},
		},
		{
			name:   "filter returns one item for last page, starts on last item, full",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field:    fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "foo"),
				Label:    labels.Everything(),
				Limit:    1,
				Continue: encodeContinueOrDie("third/barfoo", int64(continueRV)),
			},
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[4]},
		},
		{
			name:   "filter returns one item for last page, starts on last item, partial page",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field:    fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "foo"),
				Label:    labels.Everything(),
				Limit:    2,
				Continue: encodeContinueOrDie("third/barfoo", int64(continueRV)),
			},
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[4]},
		},
		{
			name:   "filter returns two items, page size equal to total list size",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "foo"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 5,
			},
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[2], *preset[4]},
		},
		{
			name:   "filter returns two items, page size equal to total list size with current resource version and match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "foo"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 5,
			},
			rv:          list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[2], *preset[4]},
		},
		{
			name:   "filter returns one item, page size equal to total list size",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "barfoo"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 5,
			},
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[3]},
		},
		{
			name:   "filter returns one item, page size equal to total list size with current resource version and match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "barfoo"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 5,
			},
			rv:          list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[3]},
		},
		{
			name:        "list all items",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[0], *preset[1], *preset[2], *preset[3], *preset[4]},
		},
		{
			name:        "list all items with current resource version and match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			rv:          list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[0], *preset[1], *preset[2], *preset[3], *preset[4]},
		},
		{
			name:   "verify list returns updated version of object; filter returns one item, page size equal to total list size with current resource version and match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("spec.nodeName", "fakeNode"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 5,
			},
			rv:          list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*preset[0]},
		},
		{
			name:   "verify list does not return deleted object; filter for deleted object, page size equal to total list size with current resource version and match=NotOlderThan",
			prefix: KeyFunc("", ""),
			pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
				Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "baz"),
				Label: labels.Everything(),
				Limit: 5,
			},
			rv:          list.ResourceVersion,
			rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
		},
		{
			name:        "test consistent List",
			prefix:      KeyFunc("empty", ""),
			pred:        storage.Everything,
			rv:          "",
			expectRV:    currentRV,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
		},
		{
			name:         "test non-consistent List",
			prefix:       KeyFunc("empty", ""),
			pred:         storage.Everything,
			rv:           "0",
			expectRVFunc: resourceVersionNotOlderThan(list.ResourceVersion),
			expectedOut:  []example.Pod{},
		},
	}

	for _, tt := range tests {
		tt := tt
		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			// For some asynchronous implementations of storage interface (in particular watchcache),
			// certain requests may impact result of further requests. As an example, if we first
			// ensure that watchcache is synchronized up to ResourceVersion X (using Get/List requests
			// with NotOlderThan semantic), the further requests (even specifying earlier resource
			// version) will also return the result synchronized to at least ResourceVersion X.
			// By parallelizing test cases we ensure that the order in which test cases are defined
			// doesn't automatically preclude some scenarios from happening.
			t.Parallel()

			if ignoreWatchCacheTests && tt.ignoreForWatchCache {
				t.Skip()
			}

			if tt.pred.GetAttrs == nil {
				tt.pred.GetAttrs = getAttrs
			}

			out := &example.PodList{}
			storageOpts := storage.ListOptions{
				ResourceVersion:      tt.rv,
				ResourceVersionMatch: tt.rvMatch,
				Predicate:            tt.pred,
				Recursive:            true,
			}
			err := store.GetList(ctx, tt.prefix, storageOpts, out)
			if tt.expectRVTooLarge {
				if err == nil || !apierrors.IsTimeout(err) || !storage.IsTooLargeResourceVersion(err) {
					t.Fatalf("expecting resource version too high error, but get: %s", err)
				}
				return
			}

			if err != nil {
				if !tt.expectError {
					t.Fatalf("GetList failed: %v", err)
				}
				return
			}
			if tt.expectError {
				t.Fatalf("expected error but got none")
			}
			if (len(out.Continue) > 0) != tt.expectContinue {
				t.Errorf("unexpected continue token: %q", out.Continue)
			}

			// If a client requests an exact resource version, it must be echoed back to them.
			if tt.expectRV != "" {
				if tt.expectRV != out.ResourceVersion {
					t.Errorf("resourceVersion in list response want=%s, got=%s", tt.expectRV, out.ResourceVersion)
				}
			}
			if tt.expectRVFunc != nil {
				if err := tt.expectRVFunc(out.ResourceVersion); err != nil {
					t.Errorf("resourceVersion in list response invalid: %v", err)
				}
			}

			if tt.expectedAlternatives == nil {
				sort.Sort(sortablePodList(tt.expectedOut))
				expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect list pods", tt.expectedOut, out.Items)
			} else {
				ExpectContains(t, "incorrect list pods", toInterfaceSlice(tt.expectedAlternatives), out.Items)
			}
			if !cmp.Equal(tt.expectedRemainingItemCount, out.RemainingItemCount) {
				t.Fatalf("unexpected remainingItemCount, diff: %s", cmp.Diff(tt.expectedRemainingItemCount, out.RemainingItemCount))
			}
		})
	}
}

func RunTestConsistentList(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface, compaction Compaction, cacheEnabled, consistentReadsSupported bool) {
	outPod := &example.Pod{}
	inPod := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "default", Name: "foo"}}
	err := store.Create(ctx, computePodKey(inPod), inPod, outPod, 0)
	if err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
	}
	lastObjecRV := outPod.ResourceVersion
	compaction(ctx, t, outPod.ResourceVersion)
	parsedRV, _ := strconv.Atoi(outPod.ResourceVersion)
	currentRV := fmt.Sprintf("%d", parsedRV+1)

	firstNonConsistentReadRV := lastObjecRV
	if consistentReadsSupported && !cacheEnabled {
		firstNonConsistentReadRV = currentRV
	}

	secondNonConsistentReadRV := lastObjecRV
	if consistentReadsSupported {
		secondNonConsistentReadRV = currentRV
	}

	tcs := []struct {
		name             string
		requestRV        string
		expectResponseRV string
	}{
		{
			name:             "Non-consistent list before sync",
			requestRV:        "0",
			expectResponseRV: firstNonConsistentReadRV,
		},
		{
			name:             "Consistent request returns currentRV",
			requestRV:        "",
			expectResponseRV: currentRV,
		},
		{
			name:             "Non-consistent request after sync returns currentRV",
			requestRV:        "0",
			expectResponseRV: secondNonConsistentReadRV,
		},
	}
	for _, tc := range tcs {
		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			out := &example.PodList{}
			opts := storage.ListOptions{
				ResourceVersion: tc.requestRV,
				Predicate:       storage.Everything,
			}
			err = store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("empty", ""), opts, out)
			if err != nil {
				t.Fatalf("GetList failed: %v", err)
			}
			if out.ResourceVersion != tc.expectResponseRV {
				t.Errorf("resourceVersion in list response want=%s, got=%s", tc.expectResponseRV, out.ResourceVersion)
			}
		})
	}
}

// seedMultiLevelData creates a set of keys with a multi-level structure, returning a resourceVersion
// from before any were created along with the full set of objects that were persisted
func seedMultiLevelData(ctx context.Context, store storage.Interface) (string, []*example.Pod, error) {
	// Setup storage with the following structure:
	//  /
	//   - first/
	//  |         - bar
	//  |
	//   - second/
	//  |         - bar
	//  |         - foo
	//  |         - [deleted] baz
	//  |
	//   - third/
	//  |         - barfoo
	//  |         - foo
	barFirst := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "first", Name: "bar"}}
	barSecond := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "second", Name: "bar"}}
	fooSecond := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "second", Name: "foo"}}
	bazSecond := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "second", Name: "baz"}}
	barfooThird := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "third", Name: "barfoo"}}
	fooThird := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "third", Name: "foo"}}

	preset := []struct {
		key       string
		obj       *example.Pod
		storedObj *example.Pod
	}{
		{
			key: computePodKey(barFirst),
			obj: barFirst,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(barSecond),
			obj: barSecond,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(fooSecond),
			obj: fooSecond,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(barfooThird),
			obj: barfooThird,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(fooThird),
			obj: fooThird,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(bazSecond),
			obj: bazSecond,
		},
	}

	// we want to figure out the resourceVersion before we create anything
	initialList := &example.PodList{}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), storage.ListOptions{Predicate: storage.Everything, Recursive: true}, initialList); err != nil {
		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to determine starting resourceVersion: %w", err)
	}
	initialRV := initialList.ResourceVersion

	for i, ps := range preset {
		preset[i].storedObj = &example.Pod{}
		err := store.Create(ctx, ps.key, ps.obj, preset[i].storedObj, 0)
		if err != nil {
			return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create object: %w", err)
		}
	}

	// For barFirst, we first create it with key /pods/first/bar and then we update
	// it by changing its spec.nodeName. The point of doing this is to be able to
	// test that if a pod with key /pods/first/bar is in fact returned, the returned
	// pod is the updated one (i.e. with spec.nodeName changed).
	preset[0].storedObj = &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, computePodKey(barFirst), preset[0].storedObj, true, nil,
		func(input runtime.Object, _ storage.ResponseMeta) (output runtime.Object, ttl *uint64, err error) {
			pod := input.(*example.Pod).DeepCopy()
			pod.Spec.NodeName = "fakeNode"
			return pod, nil, nil
		}, nil); err != nil {
		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to update object: %w", err)
	}

	// We now delete bazSecond provided it has been created first. We do this to enable
	// testing cases that had an object exist initially and then was deleted and how this
	// would be reflected in responses of different calls.
	if err := store.Delete(ctx, computePodKey(bazSecond), preset[len(preset)-1].storedObj, nil, storage.ValidateAllObjectFunc, nil); err != nil {
		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to delete object: %w", err)
	}

	// Since we deleted bazSecond (last element of preset), we remove it from preset.
	preset = preset[:len(preset)-1]
	// nolint:prealloc
	var created []*example.Pod
	for _, item := range preset {
		created = append(created, item.storedObj)
	}
	return initialRV, created, nil
}

func RunTestGetListNonRecursive(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, compaction Compaction, store storage.Interface) {
	key, prevStoredObj := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns"}})
	prevRV, _ := strconv.Atoi(prevStoredObj.ResourceVersion)

	storedObj := &example.Pod{}
	if err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, storedObj, false, nil,
		func(_ runtime.Object, _ storage.ResponseMeta) (runtime.Object, *uint64, error) {
			newPod := prevStoredObj.DeepCopy()
			newPod.Annotations = map[string]string{"version": "second"}
			return newPod, nil, nil
		}, nil); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("update failed: %v", err)
	}
	objRV, _ := strconv.Atoi(storedObj.ResourceVersion)
	// Use compact to increase etcd global revision without changes to any resources.
	// The increase in resources version comes from Kubernetes compaction updating hidden key.
	// Used to test consistent List to confirm it returns latest etcd revision.
	compaction(ctx, t, prevStoredObj.ResourceVersion)

	tests := []struct {
		name                 string
		key                  string
		pred                 storage.SelectionPredicate
		expectedOut          []example.Pod
		expectedAlternatives [][]example.Pod
		rv                   string
		rvMatch              metav1.ResourceVersionMatch
		expectRVTooLarge     bool
	}{{
		name:        "existing key",
		key:         key,
		pred:        storage.Everything,
		expectedOut: []example.Pod{*storedObj},
	}, {
		name:                 "existing key, resourceVersion=0",
		key:                  key,
		pred:                 storage.Everything,
		expectedAlternatives: [][]example.Pod{{}, {*prevStoredObj}, {*storedObj}},
		rv:                   "0",
	}, {
		name:                 "existing key, resourceVersion=0, resourceVersionMatch=notOlderThan",
		key:                  key,
		pred:                 storage.Everything,
		expectedAlternatives: [][]example.Pod{{}, {*prevStoredObj}, {*storedObj}},
		rv:                   "0",
		rvMatch:              metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
	}, {
		name:        "existing key, resourceVersion=current",
		key:         key,
		pred:        storage.Everything,
		expectedOut: []example.Pod{*storedObj},
		rv:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", objRV),
	}, {
		name:        "existing key, resourceVersion=current, resourceVersionMatch=notOlderThan",
		key:         key,
		pred:        storage.Everything,
		expectedOut: []example.Pod{*storedObj},
		rv:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", objRV),
		rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
	}, {
		name:                 "existing key, resourceVersion=previous, resourceVersionMatch=notOlderThan",
		key:                  key,
		pred:                 storage.Everything,
		expectedAlternatives: [][]example.Pod{{*prevStoredObj}, {*storedObj}},
		rv:                   fmt.Sprintf("%d", prevRV),
		rvMatch:              metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
	}, {
		name:        "existing key, resourceVersion=current, resourceVersionMatch=exact",
		key:         key,
		pred:        storage.Everything,
		expectedOut: []example.Pod{*storedObj},
		rv:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", objRV),
		rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchExact,
	}, {
		name:        "existing key, resourceVersion=previous, resourceVersionMatch=exact",
		key:         key,
		pred:        storage.Everything,
		expectedOut: []example.Pod{*prevStoredObj},
		rv:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", prevRV),
		rvMatch:     metav1.ResourceVersionMatchExact,
	}, {
		name:             "existing key, resourceVersion=too high",
		key:              key,
		pred:             storage.Everything,
		expectedOut:      []example.Pod{*storedObj},
		rv:               strconv.FormatInt(math.MaxInt64, 10),
		expectRVTooLarge: true,
	}, {
		name:        "non-existing key",
		key:         "/non-existing",
		pred:        storage.Everything,
		expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
	}, {
		name: "with matching pod name",
		key:  "/non-existing",
		pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
			Label: labels.Everything(),
			Field: fields.ParseSelectorOrDie("metadata.name!=" + storedObj.Name),
			GetAttrs: func(obj runtime.Object) (labels.Set, fields.Set, error) {
				pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
				return nil, fields.Set{"metadata.name": pod.Name}, nil
			},
		},
		expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
	}, {
		name: "existing key, resourceVersion=current, with not matching pod name",
		key:  key,
		pred: storage.SelectionPredicate{
			Label: labels.Everything(),
			Field: fields.ParseSelectorOrDie("metadata.name!=" + storedObj.Name),
			GetAttrs: func(obj runtime.Object) (labels.Set, fields.Set, error) {
				pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
				return nil, fields.Set{"metadata.name": pod.Name}, nil
			},
		},
		expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
		rv:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", objRV),
	}}

	for _, tt := range tests {
		tt := tt
		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			// For some asynchronous implementations of storage interface (in particular watchcache),
			// certain requests may impact result of further requests. As an example, if we first
			// ensure that watchcache is synchronized up to ResourceVersion X (using Get/List requests
			// with NotOlderThan semantic), the further requests (even specifying earlier resource
			// version) will also return the result synchronized to at least ResourceVersion X.
			// By parallelizing test cases we ensure that the order in which test cases are defined
			// doesn't automatically preclude some scenarios from happening.
			t.Parallel()

			out := &example.PodList{}
			storageOpts := storage.ListOptions{
				ResourceVersion:      tt.rv,
				ResourceVersionMatch: tt.rvMatch,
				Predicate:            tt.pred,
				Recursive:            false,
			}
			err := store.GetList(ctx, tt.key, storageOpts, out)

			if tt.expectRVTooLarge {
				if err == nil || !storage.IsTooLargeResourceVersion(err) {
					t.Errorf("%s: expecting resource version too high error, but get: %s", tt.name, err)
				}
				return
			}

			if err != nil {
				t.Fatalf("GetList failed: %v", err)
			}
			if len(out.ResourceVersion) == 0 {
				t.Errorf("%s: unset resourceVersion", tt.name)
			}

			if tt.expectedAlternatives == nil {
				expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect list pods", tt.expectedOut, out.Items)
			} else {
				ExpectContains(t, "incorrect list pods", toInterfaceSlice(tt.expectedAlternatives), out.Items)
			}
		})
	}
}

// RunTestGetListRecursivePrefix tests how recursive parameter works for object keys that are prefixes of each other.
func RunTestGetListRecursivePrefix(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	fooKey, fooObj := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns"}})
	fooBarKey, fooBarObj := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foobar", Namespace: "test-ns"}})
	_, otherNamespaceObj := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "baz", Namespace: "test-ns2"}})
	lastRev := otherNamespaceObj.ResourceVersion

	tests := []struct {
		name        string
		key         string
		recursive   bool
		expectedOut []example.Pod
	}{
		{
			name:        "NonRecursive on resource prefix doesn't return any objects",
			key:         KeyFunc("", ""),
			recursive:   false,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
		},
		{
			name:        "Recursive on resource prefix returns all objects",
			key:         KeyFunc("", ""),
			recursive:   true,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*fooObj, *fooBarObj, *otherNamespaceObj},
		},
		{
			name:        "NonRecursive on namespace prefix doesn't return any objects",
			key:         KeyFunc("test-ns", ""),
			recursive:   false,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
		},
		{
			name:        "Recursive on resource prefix returns objects in the namespace",
			key:         KeyFunc("test-ns", ""),
			recursive:   true,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*fooObj, *fooBarObj},
		},
		{
			name:        "NonRecursive on object key (prefix) returns object and no other objects with the same prefix",
			key:         fooKey,
			recursive:   false,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*fooObj},
		},
		{
			name:        "Recursive on object key (prefix) doesn't return anything",
			key:         fooKey,
			recursive:   true,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
		},
		{
			name:        "NonRecursive on object key (no-prefix) return object",
			key:         fooBarKey,
			recursive:   false,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{*fooBarObj},
		},
		{
			name:        "Recursive on object key (no-prefix) doesn't return anything",
			key:         fooBarKey,
			recursive:   true,
			expectedOut: []example.Pod{},
		},
	}

	listTypes := []struct {
		name            string
		ResourceVersion string
		Match           metav1.ResourceVersionMatch
	}{
		{
			name:            "Exact",
			ResourceVersion: lastRev,
			Match:           metav1.ResourceVersionMatchExact,
		},
		{
			name:            "Consistent",
			ResourceVersion: "",
		},
		{
			name:            "NotOlderThan",
			ResourceVersion: "0",
			Match:           metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan,
		},
	}

	for _, listType := range listTypes {
		listType := listType
		t.Run(listType.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			for _, tt := range tests {
				tt := tt
				t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
					out := &example.PodList{}
					storageOpts := storage.ListOptions{
						ResourceVersion:      listType.ResourceVersion,
						ResourceVersionMatch: listType.Match,
						Recursive:            tt.recursive,
						Predicate:            storage.Everything,
					}
					err := store.GetList(ctx, tt.key, storageOpts, out)
					if err != nil {
						t.Fatalf("GetList failed: %v", err)
					}
					expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect list pods", tt.expectedOut, out.Items)
				})
			}
		})
	}
}

type CallsValidation func(t *testing.T, pageSize, estimatedProcessedObjects uint64)

func RunTestListContinuation(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface, validation CallsValidation) {
	// Setup storage with the following structure:
	//  /
	//   - first/
	//  |         - bar
	//  |
	//   - second/
	//  |         - bar
	//  |         - foo
	barFirst := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "first", Name: "bar"}}
	barSecond := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "second", Name: "bar"}}
	fooSecond := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "second", Name: "foo"}}
	preset := []struct {
		key       string
		obj       *example.Pod
		storedObj *example.Pod
	}{
		{
			key: computePodKey(barFirst),
			obj: barFirst,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(barSecond),
			obj: barSecond,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(fooSecond),
			obj: fooSecond,
		},
	}

	var currentRV string
	for i, ps := range preset {
		preset[i].storedObj = &example.Pod{}
		err := store.Create(ctx, ps.key, ps.obj, preset[i].storedObj, 0)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Set failed: %v", err)
		}
		currentRV = preset[i].storedObj.ResourceVersion
	}

	// test continuations
	out := &example.PodList{}
	pred := func(limit int64, continueValue string) storage.SelectionPredicate {
		return storage.SelectionPredicate{
			Limit:    limit,
			Continue: continueValue,
			Label:    labels.Everything(),
			Field:    fields.Everything(),
			GetAttrs: func(obj runtime.Object) (labels.Set, fields.Set, error) {
				pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
				return nil, fields.Set{"metadata.name": pod.Name}, nil
			},
		}
	}
	options := storage.ListOptions{
		// Limit is ignored when ResourceVersion is set to 0.
		// Set it to consistent read.
		ResourceVersion: "",
		Predicate:       pred(1, ""),
		Recursive:       true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, out); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Unable to get initial list: %v", err)
	}
	if len(out.Continue) == 0 {
		t.Fatalf("No continuation token set")
	}
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect first page", []example.Pod{*preset[0].storedObj}, out.Items)
	if out.ResourceVersion != currentRV {
		t.Errorf("Expect output.ResourceVersion = %s, but got %s", currentRV, out.ResourceVersion)
	}
	if validation != nil {
		validation(t, 1, 1)
	}

	continueFromSecondItem := out.Continue

	// no limit, should get two items
	out = &example.PodList{}
	options = storage.ListOptions{
		// ResourceVersion should be unset when setting continuation token.
		ResourceVersion: "",
		Predicate:       pred(0, continueFromSecondItem),
		Recursive:       true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, out); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Unable to get second page: %v", err)
	}
	if len(out.Continue) != 0 {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected continuation token set")
	}
	key, rv, err := storage.DecodeContinue(continueFromSecondItem, KeyFunc("", ""))
	t.Logf("continue token was %d %s %v", rv, key, err)
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect second page", []example.Pod{*preset[1].storedObj, *preset[2].storedObj}, out.Items)
	if out.ResourceVersion != currentRV {
		t.Errorf("Expect output.ResourceVersion = %s, but got %s", currentRV, out.ResourceVersion)
	}
	if validation != nil {
		validation(t, 0, 2)
	}

	// limit, should get two more pages
	out = &example.PodList{}
	options = storage.ListOptions{
		// ResourceVersion should be unset when setting continuation token.
		ResourceVersion: "",
		Predicate:       pred(1, continueFromSecondItem),
		Recursive:       true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, out); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Unable to get second page: %v", err)
	}
	if len(out.Continue) == 0 {
		t.Fatalf("No continuation token set")
	}
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect second page", []example.Pod{*preset[1].storedObj}, out.Items)
	if out.ResourceVersion != currentRV {
		t.Errorf("Expect output.ResourceVersion = %s, but got %s", currentRV, out.ResourceVersion)
	}
	if validation != nil {
		validation(t, 1, 1)
	}

	continueFromThirdItem := out.Continue

	out = &example.PodList{}
	options = storage.ListOptions{
		// ResourceVersion should be unset when setting continuation token.
		ResourceVersion: "",
		Predicate:       pred(1, continueFromThirdItem),
		Recursive:       true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, out); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Unable to get second page: %v", err)
	}
	if len(out.Continue) != 0 {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected continuation token set")
	}
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect third page", []example.Pod{*preset[2].storedObj}, out.Items)
	if out.ResourceVersion != currentRV {
		t.Errorf("Expect output.ResourceVersion = %s, but got %s", currentRV, out.ResourceVersion)
	}
	if validation != nil {
		validation(t, 1, 1)
	}
}

func RunTestListPaginationRareObject(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface, validation CallsValidation) {
	podCount := 1000
	var pods []*example.Pod
	for i := 0; i < podCount; i++ {
		obj := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: fmt.Sprintf("pod-%d", i)}}
		key := computePodKey(obj)
		storedObj := &example.Pod{}
		err := store.Create(ctx, key, obj, storedObj, 0)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Set failed: %v", err)
		}
		pods = append(pods, storedObj)
	}

	out := &example.PodList{}
	options := storage.ListOptions{
		Predicate: storage.SelectionPredicate{
			Limit: 1,
			Label: labels.Everything(),
			Field: fields.OneTermEqualSelector("metadata.name", "pod-999"),
			GetAttrs: func(obj runtime.Object) (labels.Set, fields.Set, error) {
				pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
				return nil, fields.Set{"metadata.name": pod.Name}, nil
			},
		},
		Recursive: true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, out); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Unable to get initial list: %v", err)
	}
	if len(out.Continue) != 0 {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected continuation token set")
	}
	if len(out.Items) != 1 || !reflect.DeepEqual(&out.Items[0], pods[999]) {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected first page: %#v", out.Items)
	}
	if validation != nil {
		validation(t, 1, uint64(podCount))
	}
}

func RunTestListContinuationWithFilter(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface, validation CallsValidation) {
	foo1 := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "1", Name: "foo"}}
	bar2 := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "2", Name: "bar"}} // this should not match
	foo3 := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "3", Name: "foo"}}
	foo4 := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "4", Name: "foo"}}
	preset := []struct {
		key       string
		obj       *example.Pod
		storedObj *example.Pod
	}{
		{
			key: computePodKey(foo1),
			obj: foo1,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(bar2),
			obj: bar2,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(foo3),
			obj: foo3,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(foo4),
			obj: foo4,
		},
	}

	var currentRV string
	for i, ps := range preset {
		preset[i].storedObj = &example.Pod{}
		err := store.Create(ctx, ps.key, ps.obj, preset[i].storedObj, 0)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Set failed: %v", err)
		}
		currentRV = preset[i].storedObj.ResourceVersion
	}

	// the first list call should try to get 2 items from etcd (and only those items should be returned)
	// the field selector should result in it reading 3 items via the transformer
	// the chunking should result in 2 etcd Gets
	// there should be a continueValue because there is more data
	out := &example.PodList{}
	pred := func(limit int64, continueValue string) storage.SelectionPredicate {
		return storage.SelectionPredicate{
			Limit:    limit,
			Continue: continueValue,
			Label:    labels.Everything(),
			Field:    fields.OneTermNotEqualSelector("metadata.name", "bar"),
			GetAttrs: func(obj runtime.Object) (labels.Set, fields.Set, error) {
				pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
				return nil, fields.Set{"metadata.name": pod.Name}, nil
			},
		}
	}
	options := storage.ListOptions{
		// Limit is ignored when ResourceVersion is set to 0.
		// Set it to consistent read.
		ResourceVersion: "",
		Predicate:       pred(2, ""),
		Recursive:       true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, out); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unable to get initial list: %v", err)
	}
	if len(out.Continue) == 0 {
		t.Errorf("No continuation token set")
	}
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect first page", []example.Pod{*preset[0].storedObj, *preset[2].storedObj}, out.Items)
	if out.ResourceVersion != currentRV {
		t.Errorf("Expect output.ResourceVersion = %s, but got %s", currentRV, out.ResourceVersion)
	}
	if validation != nil {
		validation(t, 2, 3)
	}

	// the rest of the test does not make sense if the previous call failed
	if t.Failed() {
		return
	}

	cont := out.Continue

	// the second list call should try to get 2 more items from etcd
	// but since there is only one item left, that is all we should get with no continueValue
	// both read counters should be incremented for the singular calls they make in this case
	out = &example.PodList{}
	options = storage.ListOptions{
		// ResourceVersion should be unset when setting continuation token.
		ResourceVersion: "",
		Predicate:       pred(2, cont),
		Recursive:       true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, out); err != nil {
		t.Errorf("Unable to get second page: %v", err)
	}
	if len(out.Continue) != 0 {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected continuation token set")
	}
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect second page", []example.Pod{*preset[3].storedObj}, out.Items)
	if out.ResourceVersion != currentRV {
		t.Errorf("Expect output.ResourceVersion = %s, but got %s", currentRV, out.ResourceVersion)
	}
	if validation != nil {
		validation(t, 2, 1)
	}
}

func RunTestListInconsistentContinuation(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface, compaction Compaction) {
	if compaction == nil {
		t.Skipf("compaction callback not provided")
	}

	// Setup storage with the following structure:
	//  /
	//   - first/
	//  |         - bar
	//  |
	//   - second/
	//  |         - bar
	//  |         - foo
	barFirst := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "first", Name: "bar"}}
	barSecond := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "second", Name: "bar"}}
	fooSecond := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "second", Name: "foo"}}
	preset := []struct {
		key       string
		obj       *example.Pod
		storedObj *example.Pod
	}{
		{
			key: computePodKey(barFirst),
			obj: barFirst,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(barSecond),
			obj: barSecond,
		},
		{
			key: computePodKey(fooSecond),
			obj: fooSecond,
		},
	}
	for i, ps := range preset {
		preset[i].storedObj = &example.Pod{}
		err := store.Create(ctx, ps.key, ps.obj, preset[i].storedObj, 0)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Set failed: %v", err)
		}
	}

	pred := func(limit int64, continueValue string) storage.SelectionPredicate {
		return storage.SelectionPredicate{
			Limit:    limit,
			Continue: continueValue,
			Label:    labels.Everything(),
			Field:    fields.Everything(),
			GetAttrs: func(obj runtime.Object) (labels.Set, fields.Set, error) {
				pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
				return nil, fields.Set{"metadata.name": pod.Name}, nil
			},
		}
	}

	out := &example.PodList{}
	options := storage.ListOptions{
		ResourceVersion: "0",
		Predicate:       pred(1, ""),
		Recursive:       true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, out); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Unable to get initial list: %v", err)
	}
	if len(out.Continue) == 0 {
		t.Fatalf("No continuation token set")
	}
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect first page", []example.Pod{*preset[0].storedObj}, out.Items)

	continueFromSecondItem := out.Continue

	// update /second/bar
	oldName := preset[2].obj.Name
	newPod := &example.Pod{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
			Name: oldName,
			Labels: map[string]string{
				"state": "new",
			},
		},
	}
	if err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, preset[2].key, preset[2].storedObj, false, nil,
		func(_ runtime.Object, _ storage.ResponseMeta) (runtime.Object, *uint64, error) {
			return newPod, nil, nil
		}, newPod); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("update failed: %v", err)
	}

	// compact to latest revision.
	lastRVString := preset[2].storedObj.ResourceVersion
	compaction(ctx, t, lastRVString)

	// The old continue token should have expired
	options = storage.ListOptions{
		ResourceVersion: "0",
		Predicate:       pred(0, continueFromSecondItem),
		Recursive:       true,
	}
	err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, out)
	if err == nil {
		t.Fatalf("unexpected no error")
	}
	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "The provided continue parameter is too old ") {
		t.Fatalf("unexpected error message %v", err)
	}
	status, ok := err.(apierrors.APIStatus)
	if !ok {
		t.Fatalf("expect error of implements the APIStatus interface, got %v", reflect.TypeOf(err))
	}
	inconsistentContinueFromSecondItem := status.Status().ListMeta.Continue
	if len(inconsistentContinueFromSecondItem) == 0 {
		t.Fatalf("expect non-empty continue token")
	}

	out = &example.PodList{}
	options = storage.ListOptions{
		ResourceVersion: "0",
		Predicate:       pred(1, inconsistentContinueFromSecondItem),
		Recursive:       true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, out); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Unable to get second page: %v", err)
	}
	if len(out.Continue) == 0 {
		t.Fatalf("No continuation token set")
	}
	validateResourceVersion := resourceVersionNotOlderThan(lastRVString)
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect second page", []example.Pod{*preset[1].storedObj}, out.Items)
	if err := validateResourceVersion(out.ResourceVersion); err != nil {
		t.Fatal(err)
	}
	continueFromThirdItem := out.Continue
	resolvedResourceVersionFromThirdItem := out.ResourceVersion
	out = &example.PodList{}
	options = storage.ListOptions{
		ResourceVersion: "0",
		Predicate:       pred(1, continueFromThirdItem),
		Recursive:       true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, out); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Unable to get second page: %v", err)
	}
	if len(out.Continue) != 0 {
		t.Fatalf("Unexpected continuation token set")
	}
	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect third page", []example.Pod{*preset[2].storedObj}, out.Items)
	if out.ResourceVersion != resolvedResourceVersionFromThirdItem {
		t.Fatalf("Expected list resource version to be %s, got %s", resolvedResourceVersionFromThirdItem, out.ResourceVersion)
	}
}

func RunTestListResourceVersionMatch(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store InterfaceWithPrefixTransformer) {
	nextPod := func(index uint32) (string, *example.Pod) {
		obj := &example.Pod{
			ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
				Name: fmt.Sprintf("pod-%d", index),
				Labels: map[string]string{
					"even": strconv.FormatBool(index%2 == 0),
				},
			},
		}
		return computePodKey(obj), obj
	}

	transformer := &reproducingTransformer{
		store:      store,
		nextObject: nextPod,
	}

	revertTransformer := store.UpdatePrefixTransformer(
		func(previousTransformer *PrefixTransformer) value.Transformer {
			transformer.wrapped = previousTransformer
			return transformer
		})
	defer revertTransformer()

	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
		if err := transformer.createObject(ctx); err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("failed to create object: %v", err)
		}
	}

	getAttrs := func(obj runtime.Object) (labels.Set, fields.Set, error) {
		pod, ok := obj.(*example.Pod)
		if !ok {
			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid object")
		}
		return labels.Set(pod.Labels), nil, nil
	}
	predicate := storage.SelectionPredicate{
		Label:    labels.Set{"even": "true"}.AsSelector(),
		GetAttrs: getAttrs,
		Limit:    4,
	}

	result1 := example.PodList{}
	options := storage.ListOptions{
		Predicate: predicate,
		Recursive: true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, &result1); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to list objects: %v", err)
	}

	// List objects from the returned resource version.
	options = storage.ListOptions{
		Predicate:            predicate,
		ResourceVersion:      result1.ResourceVersion,
		ResourceVersionMatch: metav1.ResourceVersionMatchExact,
		Recursive:            true,
	}

	result2 := example.PodList{}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, &result2); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to list objects: %v", err)
	}

	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect lists", result1, result2)

	// Now also verify the  ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan.
	options.ResourceVersionMatch = metav1.ResourceVersionMatchNotOlderThan

	result3 := example.PodList{}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, &result3); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to list objects: %v", err)
	}

	options.ResourceVersion = result3.ResourceVersion
	options.ResourceVersionMatch = metav1.ResourceVersionMatchExact

	result4 := example.PodList{}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), options, &result4); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to list objects: %v", err)
	}

	expectNoDiff(t, "incorrect lists", result3, result4)
}

func RunTestGuaranteedUpdate(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store InterfaceWithPrefixTransformer, validation KeyValidation) {
	inputObj := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns", UID: "A"}}
	key := computePodKey(inputObj)

	tests := []struct {
		name                string
		key                 string
		ignoreNotFound      bool
		precondition        *storage.Preconditions
		expectNotFoundErr   bool
		expectInvalidObjErr bool
		expectNoUpdate      bool
		transformStale      bool
		hasSelfLink         bool
	}{{
		name:                "non-existing key, ignoreNotFound=false",
		key:                 "/non-existing",
		ignoreNotFound:      false,
		precondition:        nil,
		expectNotFoundErr:   true,
		expectInvalidObjErr: false,
		expectNoUpdate:      false,
	}, {
		name:                "non-existing key, ignoreNotFound=true",
		key:                 "/non-existing",
		ignoreNotFound:      true,
		precondition:        nil,
		expectNotFoundErr:   false,
		expectInvalidObjErr: false,
		expectNoUpdate:      false,
	}, {
		name:                "existing key",
		key:                 key,
		ignoreNotFound:      false,
		precondition:        nil,
		expectNotFoundErr:   false,
		expectInvalidObjErr: false,
		expectNoUpdate:      false,
	}, {
		name:                "same data",
		key:                 key,
		ignoreNotFound:      false,
		precondition:        nil,
		expectNotFoundErr:   false,
		expectInvalidObjErr: false,
		expectNoUpdate:      true,
	}, {
		name:                "same data, a selfLink",
		key:                 key,
		ignoreNotFound:      false,
		precondition:        nil,
		expectNotFoundErr:   false,
		expectInvalidObjErr: false,
		expectNoUpdate:      true,
		hasSelfLink:         true,
	}, {
		name:                "same data, stale",
		key:                 key,
		ignoreNotFound:      false,
		precondition:        nil,
		expectNotFoundErr:   false,
		expectInvalidObjErr: false,
		expectNoUpdate:      false,
		transformStale:      true,
	}, {
		name:                "UID match",
		key:                 key,
		ignoreNotFound:      false,
		precondition:        storage.NewUIDPreconditions("A"),
		expectNotFoundErr:   false,
		expectInvalidObjErr: false,
		expectNoUpdate:      true,
	}, {
		name:                "UID mismatch",
		key:                 key,
		ignoreNotFound:      false,
		precondition:        storage.NewUIDPreconditions("B"),
		expectNotFoundErr:   false,
		expectInvalidObjErr: true,
		expectNoUpdate:      true,
	}}

	for i, tt := range tests {
		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			key, storeObj := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, inputObj)

			out := &example.Pod{}
			annotations := map[string]string{"version": fmt.Sprintf("%d", i)}
			if tt.expectNoUpdate {
				annotations = nil
			}

			if tt.transformStale {
				revertTransformer := store.UpdatePrefixTransformer(
					func(transformer *PrefixTransformer) value.Transformer {
						transformer.stale = true
						return transformer
					})
				defer revertTransformer()
			}

			version := storeObj.ResourceVersion
			err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, tt.key, out, tt.ignoreNotFound, tt.precondition,
				storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
					if tt.expectNotFoundErr && tt.ignoreNotFound {
						if pod := obj.(*example.Pod); pod.Name != "" {
							t.Errorf("%s: expecting zero value, but get=%#v", tt.name, pod)
						}
					}
					pod := *storeObj
					if tt.hasSelfLink {
						// nolint:staticcheck
						pod.SelfLink = "testlink"
					}
					pod.Annotations = annotations
					return &pod, nil
				}), nil)

			if tt.expectNotFoundErr {
				if err == nil || !storage.IsNotFound(err) {
					t.Errorf("%s: expecting not found error, but get: %v", tt.name, err)
				}
				return
			}
			if tt.expectInvalidObjErr {
				if err == nil || !storage.IsInvalidObj(err) {
					t.Errorf("%s: expecting invalid UID error, but get: %s", tt.name, err)
				}
				return
			}
			if err != nil {
				t.Fatalf("%s: GuaranteedUpdate failed: %v", tt.name, err)
			}
			if !reflect.DeepEqual(out.ObjectMeta.Annotations, annotations) {
				t.Errorf("%s: pod annotations want=%s, get=%s", tt.name, annotations, out.ObjectMeta.Annotations)
			}
			// nolint:staticcheck
			if out.SelfLink != "" {
				t.Errorf("%s: selfLink should not be set", tt.name)
			}

			// verify that kv pair is not empty after set and that the underlying data matches expectations
			validation(ctx, t, key)

			switch tt.expectNoUpdate {
			case true:
				if version != out.ResourceVersion {
					t.Errorf("%s: expect no version change, before=%s, after=%s", tt.name, version, out.ResourceVersion)
				}
			case false:
				if version == out.ResourceVersion {
					t.Errorf("%s: expect version change, but get the same version=%s", tt.name, version)
				}
			}
		})
	}
}

func RunTestGuaranteedUpdateWithTTL(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	input := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns"}}
	key := computePodKey(input)

	out := &example.Pod{}
	err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, out, true, nil,
		func(_ runtime.Object, _ storage.ResponseMeta) (runtime.Object, *uint64, error) {
			ttl := uint64(1)
			return input, &ttl, nil
		}, nil)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Create failed: %v", err)
	}

	w, err := store.Watch(ctx, key, storage.ListOptions{ResourceVersion: out.ResourceVersion, Predicate: storage.Everything})
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Watch failed: %v", err)
	}
	testCheckEventType(t, w, watch.Deleted)
}

func RunTestGuaranteedUpdateChecksStoredData(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store InterfaceWithPrefixTransformer) {
	input := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns"}}
	key := computePodKey(input)

	// serialize input into etcd with data that would be normalized by a write -
	// in this case, leading whitespace
	revertTransformer := store.UpdatePrefixTransformer(
		func(transformer *PrefixTransformer) value.Transformer {
			transformer.prefix = []byte(string(transformer.prefix) + " ")
			return transformer
		})
	_, initial := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, input)
	revertTransformer()

	// this update should write the canonical value to etcd because the new serialization differs
	// from the stored serialization
	input.ResourceVersion = initial.ResourceVersion
	out := &example.Pod{}
	err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, out, true, nil,
		func(_ runtime.Object, _ storage.ResponseMeta) (runtime.Object, *uint64, error) {
			return input, nil, nil
		}, input)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Update failed: %v", err)
	}
	if out.ResourceVersion == initial.ResourceVersion {
		t.Errorf("guaranteed update should have updated the serialized data, got %#v", out)
	}

	lastVersion := out.ResourceVersion

	// this update should not write to etcd because the input matches the stored data
	input = out
	out = &example.Pod{}
	err = store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, out, true, nil,
		func(_ runtime.Object, _ storage.ResponseMeta) (runtime.Object, *uint64, error) {
			return input, nil, nil
		}, input)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Update failed: %v", err)
	}
	if out.ResourceVersion != lastVersion {
		t.Errorf("guaranteed update should have short-circuited write, got %#v", out)
	}

	revertTransformer = store.UpdatePrefixTransformer(
		func(transformer *PrefixTransformer) value.Transformer {
			transformer.stale = true
			return transformer
		})
	defer revertTransformer()

	// this update should write to etcd because the transformer reported stale
	err = store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, out, true, nil,
		func(_ runtime.Object, _ storage.ResponseMeta) (runtime.Object, *uint64, error) {
			return input, nil, nil
		}, input)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Update failed: %v", err)
	}
	if out.ResourceVersion == lastVersion {
		t.Errorf("guaranteed update should have written to etcd when transformer reported stale, got %#v", out)
	}
}

func RunTestGuaranteedUpdateWithConflict(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	key, _ := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns"}})

	errChan := make(chan error, 1)
	var firstToFinish sync.WaitGroup
	var secondToEnter sync.WaitGroup
	firstToFinish.Add(1)
	secondToEnter.Add(1)

	go func() {
		err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, &example.Pod{}, false, nil,
			storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
				pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
				pod.Name = "foo-1"
				secondToEnter.Wait()
				return pod, nil
			}), nil)
		firstToFinish.Done()
		errChan <- err
	}()

	updateCount := 0
	err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, &example.Pod{}, false, nil,
		storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
			if updateCount == 0 {
				secondToEnter.Done()
				firstToFinish.Wait()
			}
			updateCount++
			pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
			pod.Name = "foo-2"
			return pod, nil
		}), nil)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Second GuaranteedUpdate error %#v", err)
	}
	if err := <-errChan; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("First GuaranteedUpdate error %#v", err)
	}

	if updateCount != 2 {
		t.Errorf("Should have conflict and called update func twice")
	}
}

func RunTestGuaranteedUpdateWithSuggestionAndConflict(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	key, originalPod := testPropagateStore(ctx, t, store, &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: "foo", Namespace: "test-ns"}})

	// First, update without a suggestion so originalPod is outdated
	updatedPod := &example.Pod{}
	err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, updatedPod, false, nil,
		storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
			pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
			pod.Generation = 2
			return pod, nil
		}),
		nil,
	)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
	}

	// Second, update using the outdated originalPod as the suggestion. Return a conflict error when
	// passed originalPod, and make sure that SimpleUpdate is called a second time after a live lookup
	// with the value of updatedPod.
	sawConflict := false
	updatedPod2 := &example.Pod{}
	err = store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, updatedPod2, false, nil,
		storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
			pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
			if pod.Generation != 2 {
				if sawConflict {
					t.Fatalf("unexpected second conflict")
				}
				sawConflict = true
				// simulated stale object - return a conflict
				return nil, apierrors.NewConflict(example.SchemeGroupVersion.WithResource("pods").GroupResource(), "name", errors.New("foo"))
			}
			pod.Generation = 3
			return pod, nil
		}),
		originalPod,
	)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
	}
	if updatedPod2.Generation != 3 {
		t.Errorf("unexpected pod generation: %q", updatedPod2.Generation)
	}

	// Third, update using a current version as the suggestion.
	// Return an error and make sure that SimpleUpdate is NOT called a second time,
	// since the live lookup shows the suggestion was already up to date.
	attempts := 0
	updatedPod3 := &example.Pod{}
	err = store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, key, updatedPod3, false, nil,
		storage.SimpleUpdate(func(obj runtime.Object) (runtime.Object, error) {
			pod := obj.(*example.Pod)
			if pod.Generation != updatedPod2.Generation || pod.ResourceVersion != updatedPod2.ResourceVersion {
				t.Logf("stale object (rv=%s), expected rv=%s", pod.ResourceVersion, updatedPod2.ResourceVersion)
			}
			attempts++
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("validation or admission error")
		}),
		updatedPod2,
	)
	if err == nil {
		t.Fatalf("expected error, got none")
	}
	// Implementations of the storage interface are allowed to ignore the suggestion,
	// in which case two attempts are possible.
	if attempts > 2 {
		t.Errorf("update function should have been called at most twice, called %d", attempts)
	}
}

func RunTestTransformationFailure(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store InterfaceWithPrefixTransformer) {
	barFirst := &example.Pod{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "first", Name: "bar"},
		Spec:       DeepEqualSafePodSpec(),
	}
	bazSecond := &example.Pod{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Namespace: "second", Name: "baz"},
		Spec:       DeepEqualSafePodSpec(),
	}

	preset := []struct {
		key       string
		obj       *example.Pod
		storedObj *example.Pod
	}{{
		key: computePodKey(barFirst),
		obj: barFirst,
	}, {
		key: computePodKey(bazSecond),
		obj: bazSecond,
	}}
	for i, ps := range preset[:1] {
		preset[i].storedObj = &example.Pod{}
		err := store.Create(ctx, ps.key, ps.obj, preset[:1][i].storedObj, 0)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Set failed: %v", err)
		}
	}

	// create a second resource with an invalid prefix
	revertTransformer := store.UpdatePrefixTransformer(
		func(transformer *PrefixTransformer) value.Transformer {
			return NewPrefixTransformer([]byte("otherprefix!"), false)
		})
	for i, ps := range preset[1:] {
		preset[1:][i].storedObj = &example.Pod{}
		err := store.Create(ctx, ps.key, ps.obj, preset[1:][i].storedObj, 0)
		if err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Set failed: %v", err)
		}
	}
	revertTransformer()

	// List should fail
	var got example.PodList
	storageOpts := storage.ListOptions{
		Predicate: storage.Everything,
		Recursive: true,
	}
	if err := store.GetList(ctx, KeyFunc("", ""), storageOpts, &got); !storage.IsInternalError(err) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error %v", err)
	}

	// Get should fail
	if err := store.Get(ctx, preset[1].key, storage.GetOptions{}, &example.Pod{}); !storage.IsInternalError(err) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
	}

	updateFunc := func(input runtime.Object, res storage.ResponseMeta) (runtime.Object, *uint64, error) {
		return input, nil, nil
	}
	// GuaranteedUpdate without suggestion should return an error
	if err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, preset[1].key, &example.Pod{}, false, nil, updateFunc, nil); !storage.IsInternalError(err) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
	}
	// GuaranteedUpdate with suggestion should return an error if we don't change the object
	if err := store.GuaranteedUpdate(ctx, preset[1].key, &example.Pod{}, false, nil, updateFunc, preset[1].obj); err == nil {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
	}

	// Delete fails with internal error.
	if err := store.Delete(ctx, preset[1].key, &example.Pod{}, nil, storage.ValidateAllObjectFunc, nil); !storage.IsInternalError(err) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
	}
	if err := store.Get(ctx, preset[1].key, storage.GetOptions{}, &example.Pod{}); !storage.IsInternalError(err) {
		t.Errorf("Unexpected error: %v", err)
	}
}

func RunTestCount(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, store storage.Interface) {
	resourceA := "/foo.bar.io/abc"

	// resourceA is intentionally a prefix of resourceB to ensure that the count
	// for resourceA does not include any objects from resourceB.
	resourceB := fmt.Sprintf("%sdef", resourceA)

	resourceACountExpected := 5
	for i := 1; i <= resourceACountExpected; i++ {
		obj := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: fmt.Sprintf("foo-%d", i)}}

		key := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%d", resourceA, i)
		if err := store.Create(ctx, key, obj, nil, 0); err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Create failed: %v", err)
		}
	}

	resourceBCount := 4
	for i := 1; i <= resourceBCount; i++ {
		obj := &example.Pod{ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{Name: fmt.Sprintf("foo-%d", i)}}

		key := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%d", resourceB, i)
		if err := store.Create(ctx, key, obj, nil, 0); err != nil {
			t.Fatalf("Create failed: %v", err)
		}
	}

	resourceACountGot, err := store.Count(resourceA)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("store.Count failed: %v", err)
	}

	// count for resourceA should not include the objects for resourceB
	// even though resourceA is a prefix of resourceB.
	if int64(resourceACountExpected) != resourceACountGot {
		t.Fatalf("store.Count for resource %s: expected %d but got %d", resourceA, resourceACountExpected, resourceACountGot)
	}
}