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289 lines
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ReStructuredText
289 lines
22 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. _query_tool:
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*******************
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`Query Tool`:index:
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*******************
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The Query Tool is a powerful, feature-rich environment that allows you to
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execute arbitrary SQL commands and review the result set. You can access the
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Query Tool via the *Query Tool* menu option on the *Tools* menu, or through the
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context menu of select nodes of the Browser tree control. The Query Tool
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allows you to:
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* Issue ad-hoc SQL queries.
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* Execute arbitrary SQL commands.
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* Displays current connection and transaction status as configured by the user.
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* Save the data displayed in the output panel to a CSV file.
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* Review the execution plan of a SQL statement in either a text or a graphical format.
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* View analytical information about a SQL statement.
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.. image:: images/query_tool.png
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:alt: Query tool window
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You can open multiple copies of the Query tool in individual tabs
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simultaneously. To close a copy of the Query tool, click the *X* in the
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upper-right hand corner of the tab bar.
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The Query Tool features two panels:
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* The upper panel displays the *SQL Editor*. You can use the panel to enter,
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edit, or execute a query. It also shows the *History* tab which can be used
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to view the queries that have been executed in the session, and a *Scratch Pad*
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which can be used to hold text snippets during editing. If the Scratch Pad is
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closed, it can be re-opened (or additional ones opened) by right-clicking in
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the SQL Editor and other panels and adding a new panel.
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* The lower panel displays the *Data Output* panel. The tabbed panel displays
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the result set returned by a query, information about a query's execution plan,
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server messages related to the query's execution and any asynchronous
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notifications received from the server.
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**The Query Tool Toolbar**
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The *Query Tool* toolbar uses context-sensitive icons that provide shortcuts to
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frequently performed tasks. If an icon is highlighted, the option is enabled;
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if the icon is grayed-out, the task is disabled. Please note that disabled
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icons may support functionality accessed via the :ref:`data editor <editgrid>`.
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.. image:: images/query_toolbar.png
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:alt: Query tool toolbar
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Hover over an icon to display a tooltip that describes the icon's functionality:
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| Icon | Behavior | Shortcut |
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+======================+===================================================================================================+================+
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| *Open File* | Click the *Open File* icon to display a previously saved query in the SQL Editor. | Accesskey + O |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Save* | Click the *Save* icon to perform a quick-save of a previously saved query, or to access the | Accesskey + S |
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| | *Save* menu: | |
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| | * Select *Save* to save the selected content of the SQL Editor panel in a file. | |
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| | * Select *Save As* to open a new browser dialog and specify a new location to which to save the | |
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| | selected content of the SQL Editor panel. | |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Find* | Use the *Find* menu to search, replace, or navigate the code displayed in the SQL Editor: | |
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| | * Select *Find* to provide a search target, and search the SQL Editor contents. | Cmd+F |
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| | * Select *Find next* to locate the next occurrence of the search target. | Cmd+G |
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| | * Select *Find previous* to move to the last occurrence of the search target. | Cmd+Shift+G |
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| | * Select *Pesistent find* to identify all occurrences of the search target within the editor. | |
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| | * Select *Replace* to locate and replace (with prompting) individual occurrences of the target. | Cmd+Shift+F |
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| | * Select *Replace all* to locate and replace all occurrences of the target within the editor. | |
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| | * Select *Jump* to navigate to the next occurrence of the search target. | Alt+G |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Copy* | Click the *Copy* icon to copy the content that is currently highlighted in the Data Output panel. | Accesskey + C |
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| | when in View/Edit data mode. | |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Paste* | Click the *Paste* icon to paste a previously row into a new row when in View/Edit data mode. | Accesskey + P |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Delete* | Click the *Delete* icon to delete the selected rows when in View/Edit data mode. | Accesskey + D |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Edit* | Use options on the *Edit* menu to access text editing tools; the options operate on the text | |
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| | displayed in the SQL Editor panel when in Query Tool mode: | |
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| | * Select *Indent Selection* to indent the currently selected text. | Tab |
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| | * Select *Unindent Selection* to remove indentation from the currently selected text. | Shift+Tab |
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| | * Select *Inline Comment Selection* to enclose any lines that contain the selection in | Cmd+/ |
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| | SQL style comment notation. | |
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| | * Select *Inline Uncomment Selection* to remove SQL style comment notation from the | Cmd+. |
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| | selected line. | |
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| | * Select *Block Comment* to enclose all lines that contain the selection in C style | Shift+Cmd+/ |
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| | comment notation. This option acts as a toggle. | |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Filter* | Click the *Filter* icon to set filtering and sorting criteria for the data when in View/Edit data | Accesskey + F |
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| | mode. Click the down arrow to access other filtering and sorting options: | |
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| | * Click *Sort/Filter* to open the sorting and filtering dialogue. | |
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| | * Click *Filter by Selection* to show only the rows containing the values in the selected cells. | |
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| | * Click *Exclude by Selection* to show only the rows that do not contain the values in the | |
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| | selected cells. | |
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| | * Click *Remove Sort/Filter* to remove any previously selected sort or filtering options. | |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| Limit Selector | Select a value in the *Limit Selector* to limit the size of the dataset to a number of rows. | Accesskey + R |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Stop* | Click the *Stop* icon to cancel the execution of the currently running query. | Accesskey + Q |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Execute/Refresh* | Click the *Execute/Refresh* icon to either execute or refresh the query highlighted in the SQL | F5 |
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| | editor panel. Click the down arrow to access other execution options: | |
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| | * Add a check next to *Auto-Rollback* to instruct the server to automatically roll back a | |
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| | transaction if an error occurs during the transaction. | |
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| | * Add a check next to *Auto-Commit* to instruct the server to automatically commit each | |
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| | transaction. Any changes made by the transaction will be visible to others, and | |
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| | durable in the event of a crash. | |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Explain* | Click the *Explain* icon to view an explanation plan for the current query. The result of the | F7 |
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| | EXPLAIN is displayed graphically on the *Explain* tab of the output panel, and in text | |
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| | form on the *Data Output* tab. | |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Explain analyze* | Click the *Explain analyze* icon to invoke an EXPLAIN ANALYZE command on the current query. | Shift+F7 |
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| | Navigate through the *Explain Options* menu to select options for the EXPLAIN command: | |
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| | * Select *Verbose* to display additional information regarding the query plan. | |
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| | * Select *Costs* to include information on the estimated startup and total cost of each | |
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| | plan node, as well as the estimated number of rows and the estimated width of each | |
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| | row. | |
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| | * Select *Buffers* to include information on buffer usage. | |
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| | * Select *Timing* to include information about the startup time and the amount of time | |
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| | spent in each node of the query. | |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Commit* | Click the *Commit* icon to commit the transaction. | Shift+CTRL+M |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Rollback* | Click the *Rollback* icon to rollback the transaction. | Shift+CTRL+R |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Clear* | Use options on the *Clear* drop-down menu to erase display contents: | Accesskey + L |
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| | * Select *Clear Query Window* to erase the content of the SQL Editor panel. | |
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| | * Select *Clear History* to erase the content of the *History* tab. | |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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| *Download as CSV* | Click the *Download as CSV* icon to download the result set of the current query to a | F8 |
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| | comma-separated list. You can specify the CSV settings through | |
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| | *Preferences -> SQL Editor -> CSV output* dialogue. | |
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+----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------+
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**The SQL Editor Panel**
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The *SQL editor* panel is a workspace where you can manually provide a query,
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copy a query from another source, or read a query from a file. The SQL editor
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features syntax coloring and autocompletion.
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.. image:: images/query_sql_editor.png
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:alt: Query tool editor
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To use autocomplete, begin typing your query; when you would like the Query
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editor to suggest object names or commands that might be next in your query,
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press the Control+Space key combination. For example, type "\*SELECT \* FROM\* "
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(without quotes, but with a trailing space), and then press the Control+Space
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key combination to select from a popup menu of autocomplete options.
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.. image:: images/query_autocomplete.png
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:alt: Query tool autocomplete feature
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After entering a query, select the *Execute/Refresh* icon from the toolbar. The
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complete contents of the SQL editor panel will be sent to the database server
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for execution. To execute only a section of the code that is displayed in the
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SQL editor, highlight the text that you want the server to execute, and click
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the *Execute/Refresh* icon.
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.. image:: images/query_execute_section.png
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:alt: Query tool execute query section
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The message returned by the server when a command executes is displayed on the
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*Messages* tab. If the command is successful, the *Messages* tab displays
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execution details.
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.. image:: images/query_tool_message.png
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:alt: Query tool message panel
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Options on the *Edit* menu offer functionality that helps with code formatting
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and commenting:
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* The auto-indent feature will automatically indent text to the same depth as
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the previous line when you press the Return key.
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* Block indent text by selecting two or more lines and pressing the Tab key.
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* Implement or remove SQL style or toggle C style comment notation within your
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code.
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**The Data Output Panel**
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The *Data Output* panel displays data and statistics generated by the most
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recently executed query.
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.. image:: images/query_output_data.png
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:alt: Query tool output panel
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The *Data Output* tab displays the result set of the query in a table format.
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You can:
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* Select and copy from the displayed result set.
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* Use the *Execute/Refresh* options to retrieve query execution information and
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set query execution options.
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* Use the *Download as CSV* icon to download the content of the *Data Output*
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tab as a comma-delimited file.
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All rowsets from previous queries or commands that are displayed in the *Data
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Output* panel will be discarded when you invoke another query; open another
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query tool browser tab to keep your previous results available.
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Use the *Explain* tab to view a graphical representation of a query:
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.. image:: images/query_output_explain.png
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:alt: Query tool explain panel
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To generate a graphical explain diagram, open the *Explain* tab, and select
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*Explain*, *Explain Analyze*, or one or more options from the *Explain options*
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menu on the *Execute/Refresh* drop-down. Please note that *EXPLAIN VERBOSE*
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cannot be displayed graphically. Hover over an icon on the *Explain* tab to
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review information about that item; a popup window will display information
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about the selected object:
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Use the download button on top left corner of the *Explain* canvas to download
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the plan as an SVG file.
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**Note:** Download as SVG is not supported on Internet Explorer.
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.. image:: images/query_output_explain_details.png
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:alt: Query tool graphical explain plan
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Note that the query plan that accompanies the *Explain analyze* is available on
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the *Data Output* tab.
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Use the *Messages* tab to view information about the most recently executed
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query:
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.. image:: images/query_output_error.png
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:alt: Query tool output messages
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If the server returns an error, the error message will be displayed on the
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*Messages* tab, and the syntax that caused the error will be underlined in the
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SQL editor. If a query succeeds, the *Messages* tab displays how long the
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query took to complete and how many rows were retrieved:
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.. image:: images/query_output_messages.png
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:alt: Query tool output information
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Use the *Query History* tab to review activity for the current session:
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.. image:: images/query_output_history.png
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:alt: Query tool history panel
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The Query History tab displays information about recent commands:
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* The date and time that a query was invoked.
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* The text of the query.
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* The number of rows returned by the query.
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* The amount of time it took the server to process the query and return a
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result set.
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* Messages returned by the server (not noted on the *Messages* tab).
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To erase the content of the *Query History* tab, select *Clear history* from
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the *Clear* drop-down menu.
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Use the *Connection status* feature to view the current connection and
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transaction status by clicking on the status icon in query tool:
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.. image:: images/query_tool_connection_status.png
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:alt: Query tool connection and transaction statuses
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