Clean up after dropping Python 3.6

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ permissions:
 
 jobs:
   ubuntu:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-18.04
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
     name: Python ${{ matrix.python }} (${{ matrix.docutils }})
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false

CHANGES

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Release 6.0.0 (in development)
 Dependencies
 ------------
 
-* Drop python 3.6 support
+* #10468: Drop Python 3.6 support
 
 Incompatible changes
 --------------------

doc/internals/release-process.rst

@@ -113,13 +113,15 @@ April 2023 and shipping Python 3.8.
 
 This is a summary table with the current policy:
 
-========== ========= ======
-Date       Ubuntu    Python
-========== ========= ======
-April 2023 20.04 LTS 3.8+
----------- --------- ------
-April 2025 22.04 LTS 3.10+
-========== ========= ======
+========== ========= ====== ======
+Date       Ubuntu    Python Sphinx
+========== ========= ====== ======
+April 2021 18.04 LTS 3.6+   4, 5
+---------- --------- ------ ------
+April 2023 20.04 LTS 3.8+   6, 7
+---------- --------- ------ ------
+April 2025 22.04 LTS 3.10+  8
+========== ========= ====== ======
 
 Release procedures
 ------------------

sphinx/domains/python.py

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ def _parse_annotation(annotation: str, env: BuildEnvironment) -> List[Node]:
 
             return result
         else:
-            if sys.version_info < (3, 8):
+            if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7):
                 if isinstance(node, ast.Bytes):
                     return [addnodes.desc_sig_literal_string('', repr(node.s))]
                 elif isinstance(node, ast.Ellipsis):

sphinx/ext/autodoc/__init__.py

@@ -820,6 +820,8 @@ class Documenter:
             # sort by group; alphabetically within groups
             documenters.sort(key=lambda e: (e[0].member_order, e[0].name))
         elif order == 'bysource':
+            # By default, member discovery order matches source order,
+            # as dicts are insertion-ordered from Python 3.7.
             if self.analyzer:
                 # sort by source order, by virtue of the module analyzer
                 tagorder = self.analyzer.tagorder
@@ -828,11 +830,6 @@ class Documenter:
                     fullname = entry[0].name.split('::')[1]
                     return tagorder.get(fullname, len(tagorder))
                 documenters.sort(key=keyfunc)
-            else:
-                # Assume that member discovery order matches source order.
-                # This is a reasonable assumption in Python 3.6 and up, where
-                # module.__dict__ is insertion-ordered.
-                pass
         else:  # alphabetical
             documenters.sort(key=lambda e: e[0].name)
 

sphinx/ext/autodoc/preserve_defaults.py

@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ def get_function_def(obj: Any) -> Optional[ast.FunctionDef]:
 
 def get_default_value(lines: List[str], position: ast.AST) -> Optional[str]:
     try:
-        if sys.version_info < (3, 8):  # only for py38+
+        if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7):  # only for py38+
             return None
-        elif position.lineno == position.end_lineno:
+        if position.lineno == position.end_lineno:
             line = lines[position.lineno - 1]
             return line[position.col_offset:position.end_col_offset]
         else:

sphinx/ext/napoleon/docstring.py

@@ -597,8 +597,6 @@ class GoogleDocstring:
         self._parsed_lines = self._consume_empty()
 
         if self._name and self._what in ('attribute', 'data', 'property'):
-            # Implicit stop using StopIteration no longer allowed in
-            # Python 3.7; see PEP 479
             res: List[str] = []
             try:
                 res = self._parse_attribute_docstring()

sphinx/pycode/ast.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import sys
 from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Type, overload
 
-if sys.version_info > (3, 8):
+if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 8):
     import ast
 else:
     try:
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ class _UnparseVisitor(ast.NodeVisitor):
         if node.value is Ellipsis:
             return "..."
         elif isinstance(node.value, (int, float, complex)):
-            if self.code and sys.version_info > (3, 8):
+            if self.code and sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 8):
                 return ast.get_source_segment(self.code, node)  # type: ignore
             else:
                 return repr(node.value)
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ class _UnparseVisitor(ast.NodeVisitor):
         else:
             return "(" + ", ".join(self.visit(e) for e in node.elts) + ")"
 
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 8):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7):
         # these ast nodes were deprecated in python 3.8
         def visit_Bytes(self, node: ast.Bytes) -> str:
             return repr(node.s)

sphinx/util/images.py

@@ -107,5 +107,5 @@ def test_svg(h: bytes, f: Optional[BinaryIO]) -> Optional[str]:
 
 
 # install test_svg() to imghdr
-# refs: https://docs.python.org/3.6/library/imghdr.html#imghdr.tests
+# refs: https://docs.python.org/3.9/library/imghdr.html#imghdr.tests
 imghdr.tests.append(test_svg)

sphinx/util/inspect.py

@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ from functools import partial, partialmethod
 from importlib import import_module
 from inspect import Parameter, isclass, ismethod, ismethoddescriptor, ismodule  # NOQA
 from io import StringIO
-from types import MethodType, ModuleType
+from types import (ClassMethodDescriptorType, MethodDescriptorType, MethodType, ModuleType,
+                   WrapperDescriptorType)
 from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Mapping, Optional, Sequence, Tuple, Type, cast
 
 from sphinx.pycode.ast import ast  # for py37
@@ -21,13 +22,6 @@ from sphinx.util import logging
 from sphinx.util.typing import ForwardRef
 from sphinx.util.typing import stringify as stringify_annotation
 
-if sys.version_info > (3, 7):
-    from types import ClassMethodDescriptorType, MethodDescriptorType, WrapperDescriptorType
-else:
-    ClassMethodDescriptorType = type(object.__init__)
-    MethodDescriptorType = type(str.join)
-    WrapperDescriptorType = type(dict.__dict__['fromkeys'])
-
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 memory_address_re = re.compile(r' at 0x[0-9a-f]{8,16}(?=>)', re.IGNORECASE)
@@ -149,7 +143,7 @@ def getslots(obj: Any) -> Optional[Dict]:
 
 def isNewType(obj: Any) -> bool:
     """Check the if object is a kind of NewType."""
-    if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 10):
         return isinstance(obj, typing.NewType)
     else:
         __module__ = safe_getattr(obj, '__module__', None)
@@ -335,6 +329,7 @@ def iscoroutinefunction(obj: Any) -> bool:
         return False
 
 
+if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7):
     def isasyncgenfunction(obj: Any) -> bool:
         """Check if the object is async-gen function."""
         if hasattr(obj, '__code__') and inspect.isasyncgenfunction(obj):
@@ -343,11 +338,13 @@ def isasyncgenfunction(obj: Any) -> bool:
             return True
         else:
             return False
+else:
+    isasyncgenfunction = inspect.isasyncgenfunction
 
 
 def isproperty(obj: Any) -> bool:
     """Check if the object is property."""
-    if sys.version_info >= (3, 8):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 8):
         from functools import cached_property  # cached_property is available since py3.8
         if isinstance(obj, cached_property):
             return True
@@ -619,7 +616,7 @@ def evaluate_signature(sig: inspect.Signature, globalns: Optional[Dict] = None,
     """Evaluate unresolved type annotations in a signature object."""
     def evaluate_forwardref(ref: ForwardRef, globalns: Dict, localns: Dict) -> Any:
         """Evaluate a forward reference."""
-        if sys.version_info > (3, 9):
+        if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 9):
             return ref._evaluate(globalns, localns, frozenset())
         else:
             return ref._evaluate(globalns, localns)

sphinx/util/parallel.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 """Parallel building utilities."""
 
 import os
-import sys
 import time
 import traceback
 from math import sqrt
@@ -18,13 +17,6 @@ from sphinx.util import logging
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
-if sys.platform != "win32":
-    ForkContext = multiprocessing.context.ForkContext
-    ForkProcess = multiprocessing.context.ForkProcess
-else:
-    # For static typing, as ForkProcess doesn't exist on Windows
-    ForkContext = ForkProcess = Any
-
 # our parallel functionality only works for the forking Process
 parallel_available = multiprocessing and os.name == 'posix'
 
@@ -59,7 +51,7 @@ class ParallelTasks:
         # task arguments
         self._args: Dict[int, Optional[List[Any]]] = {}
         # list of subprocesses (both started and waiting)
-        self._procs: Dict[int, ForkProcess] = {}
+        self._procs: Dict[int, Any] = {}
         # list of receiving pipe connections of running subprocesses
         self._precvs: Dict[int, Any] = {}
         # list of receiving pipe connections of waiting subprocesses
@@ -93,7 +85,7 @@ class ParallelTasks:
         self._result_funcs[tid] = result_func or (lambda arg, result: None)
         self._args[tid] = arg
         precv, psend = multiprocessing.Pipe(False)
-        context: ForkContext = multiprocessing.get_context('fork')
+        context: Any = multiprocessing.get_context('fork')
         proc = context.Process(target=self._process, args=(psend, task_func, arg))
         self._procs[tid] = proc
         self._precvsWaiting[tid] = precv

sphinx/util/typing.py

@@ -5,27 +5,14 @@ import typing
 import warnings
 from struct import Struct
 from types import TracebackType
-from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Generator, List, Optional, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, Union
+from typing import (Any, Callable, Dict, ForwardRef, Generator, List, Optional, Tuple, Type,
+                    TypeVar, Union)
 
 from docutils import nodes
 from docutils.parsers.rst.states import Inliner
 
 from sphinx.deprecation import RemovedInSphinx70Warning
 
-if sys.version_info > (3, 7):
-    from typing import ForwardRef
-else:
-    from typing import _ForwardRef  # type: ignore
-
-    class ForwardRef:
-        """A pseudo ForwardRef class for py36."""
-        def __init__(self, arg: Any, is_argument: bool = True) -> None:
-            self.arg = arg
-
-        def _evaluate(self, globalns: Dict, localns: Dict) -> Any:
-            ref = _ForwardRef(self.arg)
-            return ref._eval_type(globalns, localns)
-
 try:
     from types import UnionType  # type: ignore  # python 3.10 or above
 except ImportError:
@@ -137,7 +124,7 @@ def restify(cls: Optional[Type], mode: str = 'fully-qualified-except-typing') ->
         elif is_invalid_builtin_class(cls):
             return ':py:class:`%s%s`' % (modprefix, INVALID_BUILTIN_CLASSES[cls])
         elif inspect.isNewType(cls):
-            if sys.version_info > (3, 10):
+            if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 10):
                 # newtypes have correct module info since Python 3.10+
                 return ':py:class:`%s%s.%s`' % (modprefix, cls.__module__, cls.__name__)
             else:
@@ -211,7 +198,7 @@ def _restify_py37(cls: Optional[Type], mode: str = 'fully-qualified-except-typin
         return text
     elif isinstance(cls, typing._SpecialForm):
         return ':py:obj:`~%s.%s`' % (cls.__module__, cls._name)
-    elif sys.version_info >= (3, 11) and cls is typing.Any:
+    elif sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 11) and cls is typing.Any:
         # handle bpo-46998
         return f':py:obj:`~{cls.__module__}.{cls.__name__}`'
     elif hasattr(cls, '__qualname__'):
@@ -362,7 +349,7 @@ def stringify(annotation: Any, mode: str = 'fully-qualified-except-typing') -> s
         else:
             return modprefix + '.'.join([annotation.__module__, annotation.__name__])
     elif inspect.isNewType(annotation):
-        if sys.version_info > (3, 10):
+        if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 10):
             # newtypes have correct module info since Python 3.10+
             return modprefix + '%s.%s' % (annotation.__module__, annotation.__name__)
         else:

tests/test_build.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 """Test all builders."""
 
 import sys
-from textwrap import dedent
 from unittest import mock
 
 import pytest
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ def request_session_head(url, **kwargs):
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def nonascii_srcdir(request, rootdir, sphinx_test_tempdir):
-    # If supported, build in a non-ASCII source dir
+    # Build in a non-ASCII source dir
     test_name = '\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e'
     basedir = sphinx_test_tempdir / request.node.originalname
     srcdir = basedir / test_name
@@ -27,18 +26,17 @@ def nonascii_srcdir(request, rootdir, sphinx_test_tempdir):
         (rootdir / 'test-root').copytree(srcdir)
 
     # add a doc with a non-ASCII file name to the source dir
-    (srcdir / (test_name + '.txt')).write_text(dedent("""
+    (srcdir / (test_name + '.txt')).write_text("""
 nonascii file name page
 =======================
-        """), encoding='utf8')
+""", encoding='utf8')
 
     root_doc = srcdir / 'index.txt'
-    root_doc.write_text(root_doc.read_text(encoding='utf8') + dedent("""
+    root_doc.write_text(root_doc.read_text(encoding='utf8') + f"""
 .. toctree::
 
-                           %(test_name)s/%(test_name)s
-                        """ % {'test_name': test_name}), encoding='utf8')
-
+{test_name}/{test_name}
+""", encoding='utf8')
     return srcdir
 
 

tests/test_domain_py.py

@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ def test_parse_annotation_suppress(app):
     assert_node(doctree[0], pending_xref, refdomain="py", reftype="obj", reftarget="typing.Dict")
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
 def test_parse_annotation_Literal(app):
     doctree = _parse_annotation("Literal[True, False]", app.env)
     assert_node(doctree, ([pending_xref, "Literal"],
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ def test_pyfunction_with_binary_operators(app):
                                                         [nodes.inline, "2**64"])])])
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
 def test_pyfunction_signature_full_py38(app):
     # case: separator at head
     text = ".. py:function:: hello(*, a)"
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ def test_pyfunction_signature_full_py38(app):
                                       [desc_parameter, desc_sig_operator, "/"])])
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
 def test_pyfunction_with_number_literals(app):
     text = ".. py:function:: hello(age=0x10, height=1_6_0)"
     doctree = restructuredtext.parse(app, text)

tests/test_ext_autodoc.py

@@ -1072,7 +1072,7 @@ def test_autodoc_descriptor(app):
     ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8),
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7),
                     reason='cached_property is available since python3.8.')
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_autodoc_cached_property(app):
@@ -1404,7 +1404,7 @@ def test_enum_class(app):
     options = {"members": None}
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.enums.EnumCls', options)
 
-    if sys.version_info > (3, 11):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 11):
         args = ('(value, names=None, *, module=None, qualname=None, '
                 'type=None, start=1, boundary=None)')
     else:
@@ -1976,7 +1976,7 @@ def test_autodoc_TypeVar(app):
     ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 9), reason='py39+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 8), reason='py39+ is required.')
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_autodoc_Annotated(app):
     options = {"members": None}
@@ -2059,7 +2059,7 @@ def test_singledispatch(app):
     ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8),
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7),
                     reason='singledispatchmethod is available since python3.8')
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_singledispatchmethod(app):
@@ -2088,7 +2088,7 @@ def test_singledispatchmethod(app):
     ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8),
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7),
                     reason='singledispatchmethod is available since python3.8')
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_singledispatchmethod_automethod(app):
@@ -2108,7 +2108,7 @@ def test_singledispatchmethod_automethod(app):
     ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info > (3, 11),
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 11),
                     reason=('cython does not support python-3.11 yet. '
                             'see https://github.com/cython/cython/issues/4365'))
 @pytest.mark.skipif(pyximport is None, reason='cython is not installed')
@@ -2142,7 +2142,7 @@ def test_cython(app):
     ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8),
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7),
                     reason='typing.final is available since python3.8')
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_final(app):

tests/test_ext_autodoc_autoproperty.py

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ def test_class_properties(app):
     ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_cached_properties(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'property', 'target.cached_property.Foo.prop')

tests/test_ext_autodoc_configs.py

@@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ def test_mocked_module_imports(app, warning):
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc',
                     confoverrides={'autodoc_typehints': "signature"})
 def test_autodoc_typehints_signature(app):
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 10):
         type_o = "~typing.Optional[~typing.Any]"
     else:
         type_o = "~typing.Any"
@@ -1399,7 +1399,7 @@ def test_autodoc_typehints_description_and_type_aliases(app):
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc',
                     confoverrides={'autodoc_typehints_format': "fully-qualified"})
 def test_autodoc_typehints_format_fully_qualified(app):
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 10):
         type_o = "typing.Optional[typing.Any]"
     else:
         type_o = "typing.Any"

tests/test_ext_autodoc_preserve_defaults.py

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ from .test_ext_autodoc import do_autodoc
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc',
                     confoverrides={'autodoc_preserve_defaults': True})
 def test_preserve_defaults(app):
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 8):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7):
         color = "16777215"
     else:
         color = "0xFFFFFF"

tests/test_pycode.py

@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ def test_ModuleAnalyzer_find_attr_docs():
                                  'Qux.attr2': 17}
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8),
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7),
                     reason='posonlyargs are available since python3.8.')
 def test_ModuleAnalyzer_find_attr_docs_for_posonlyargs_method():
     code = ('class Foo(object):\n'

tests/test_pycode_ast.py

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ def test_unparse_None():
     assert ast.unparse(None) is None
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
 @pytest.mark.parametrize('source,expected', [
     ("lambda x=0, /, y=1, *args, z, **kwargs: x + y + z",
      "lambda x=0, /, y=1, *args, z, **kwargs: ..."),    # posonlyargs

tests/test_util_inspect.py

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ def test_signature_annotations():
 
     # Space around '=' for defaults
     sig = inspect.signature(f7)
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 10):
         assert stringify_signature(sig) == '(x: typing.Optional[int] = None, y: dict = {}) -> None'
     else:
         assert stringify_signature(sig) == '(x: int = None, y: dict = {}) -> None'
@@ -260,20 +260,20 @@ def test_signature_annotations():
 
     # show_return_annotation is False
     sig = inspect.signature(f7)
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 10):
         assert stringify_signature(sig, show_return_annotation=False) == '(x: typing.Optional[int] = None, y: dict = {})'
     else:
         assert stringify_signature(sig, show_return_annotation=False) == '(x: int = None, y: dict = {})'
 
     # unqualified_typehints is True
     sig = inspect.signature(f7)
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 10):
         assert stringify_signature(sig, unqualified_typehints=True) == '(x: ~typing.Optional[int] = None, y: dict = {}) -> None'
     else:
         assert stringify_signature(sig, unqualified_typehints=True) == '(x: int = None, y: dict = {}) -> None'
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
 @pytest.mark.sphinx(testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_signature_annotations_py38(app):
     from target.pep570 import bar, baz, foo, qux
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ def test_signature_from_str_kwonly_args():
     assert sig.parameters['b'].default == Parameter.empty
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8),
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7),
                     reason='python-3.8 or above is required')
 def test_signature_from_str_positionaly_only_args():
     sig = inspect.signature_from_str('(a, b=0, /, c=1)')

tests/test_util_typing.py

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def test_restify_type_hints_containers():
                                              ":py:class:`str`]")
     assert restify(Tuple[str, ...]) == ":py:class:`~typing.Tuple`\\ [:py:class:`str`, ...]"
 
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 10):
         assert restify(Tuple[()]) == ":py:class:`~typing.Tuple`\\ [()]"
     else:
         assert restify(Tuple[()]) == ":py:class:`~typing.Tuple`"
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ def test_restify_type_hints_containers():
 
 def test_restify_type_hints_Callable():
     assert restify(Callable) == ":py:class:`~typing.Callable`"
+
     assert restify(Callable[[str], int]) == (":py:class:`~typing.Callable`\\ "
                                              "[[:py:class:`str`], :py:class:`int`]")
     assert restify(Callable[..., int]) == (":py:class:`~typing.Callable`\\ "
@@ -100,17 +101,18 @@ def test_restify_type_hints_Union():
     assert restify(Union[str, None]) == ":py:obj:`~typing.Optional`\\ [:py:class:`str`]"
     assert restify(Union[int, str]) == (":py:obj:`~typing.Union`\\ "
                                         "[:py:class:`int`, :py:class:`str`]")
-
     assert restify(Union[int, Integral]) == (":py:obj:`~typing.Union`\\ "
                                              "[:py:class:`int`, :py:class:`numbers.Integral`]")
     assert restify(Union[int, Integral], "smart") == (":py:obj:`~typing.Union`\\ "
                                                       "[:py:class:`int`,"
                                                       " :py:class:`~numbers.Integral`]")
 
-    assert (restify(Union[MyClass1, MyClass2]) == (":py:obj:`~typing.Union`\\ "
+    assert (restify(Union[MyClass1, MyClass2]) ==
+            (":py:obj:`~typing.Union`\\ "
              "[:py:class:`tests.test_util_typing.MyClass1`, "
              ":py:class:`tests.test_util_typing.<MyClass2>`]"))
-    assert (restify(Union[MyClass1, MyClass2], "smart") == (":py:obj:`~typing.Union`\\ "
+    assert (restify(Union[MyClass1, MyClass2], "smart") ==
+            (":py:obj:`~typing.Union`\\ "
              "[:py:class:`~tests.test_util_typing.MyClass1`,"
              " :py:class:`~tests.test_util_typing.<MyClass2>`]"))
 
@@ -132,7 +134,7 @@ def test_restify_type_hints_typevars():
     assert restify(List[T]) == ":py:class:`~typing.List`\\ [:py:obj:`tests.test_util_typing.T`]"
     assert restify(List[T], "smart") == ":py:class:`~typing.List`\\ [:py:obj:`~tests.test_util_typing.T`]"
 
-    if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 10):
         assert restify(MyInt) == ":py:class:`tests.test_util_typing.MyInt`"
         assert restify(MyInt, "smart") == ":py:class:`~tests.test_util_typing.MyInt`"
     else:
@@ -160,13 +162,13 @@ def test_restify_type_ForwardRef():
     assert restify(ForwardRef("myint")) == ":py:class:`myint`"
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
 def test_restify_type_Literal():
     from typing import Literal  # type: ignore
     assert restify(Literal[1, "2", "\r"]) == ":py:obj:`~typing.Literal`\\ [1, '2', '\\r']"
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 9), reason='python 3.9+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 8), reason='python 3.9+ is required.')
 def test_restify_pep_585():
     assert restify(list[str]) == ":py:class:`list`\\ [:py:class:`str`]"  # type: ignore
     assert restify(dict[str, str]) == (":py:class:`dict`\\ "  # type: ignore
@@ -176,7 +178,7 @@ def test_restify_pep_585():
                                                    "[:py:class:`int`, ...]]")
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 10), reason='python 3.10+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 9), reason='python 3.10+ is required.')
 def test_restify_type_union_operator():
     assert restify(int | None) == ":py:class:`int` | :py:obj:`None`"  # type: ignore
     assert restify(int | str) == ":py:class:`int` | :py:class:`str`"  # type: ignore
@@ -250,7 +252,7 @@ def test_stringify_type_hints_containers():
     assert stringify(Tuple[str, ...], "fully-qualified") == "typing.Tuple[str, ...]"
     assert stringify(Tuple[str, ...], "smart") == "~typing.Tuple[str, ...]"
 
-    if sys.version_info < (3, 11):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 10):
         assert stringify(Tuple[()]) == "Tuple[()]"
         assert stringify(Tuple[()], "fully-qualified") == "typing.Tuple[()]"
         assert stringify(Tuple[()], "smart") == "~typing.Tuple[()]"
@@ -272,7 +274,7 @@ def test_stringify_type_hints_containers():
     assert stringify(Generator[None, None, None], "smart") == "~typing.Generator[None, None, None]"
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 9), reason='python 3.9+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 8), reason='python 3.9+ is required.')
 def test_stringify_type_hints_pep_585():
     assert stringify(list[int]) == "list[int]"
     assert stringify(list[int], "smart") == "list[int]"
@@ -299,7 +301,7 @@ def test_stringify_type_hints_pep_585():
     assert stringify(type[int], "smart") == "type[int]"
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 9), reason='python 3.9+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 8), reason='python 3.9+ is required.')
 def test_stringify_Annotated():
     from typing import Annotated  # type: ignore
     assert stringify(Annotated[str, "foo", "bar"]) == "str"
@@ -379,7 +381,7 @@ def test_stringify_type_hints_typevars():
     assert stringify(List[T]) == "List[tests.test_util_typing.T]"
     assert stringify(List[T], "smart") == "~typing.List[~tests.test_util_typing.T]"
 
-    if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
+    if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 10):
         assert stringify(MyInt) == "tests.test_util_typing.MyInt"
         assert stringify(MyInt, "smart") == "~tests.test_util_typing.MyInt"
     else:
@@ -406,7 +408,7 @@ def test_stringify_type_hints_alias():
     assert stringify(MyTuple, "smart") == "~typing.Tuple[str, str]"  # type: ignore
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 7), reason='python 3.8+ is required.')
 def test_stringify_type_Literal():
     from typing import Literal  # type: ignore
     assert stringify(Literal[1, "2", "\r"]) == "Literal[1, '2', '\\r']"
@@ -414,7 +416,7 @@ def test_stringify_type_Literal():
     assert stringify(Literal[1, "2", "\r"], "smart") == "~typing.Literal[1, '2', '\\r']"
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 10), reason='python 3.10+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info[:2] <= (3, 9), reason='python 3.10+ is required.')
 def test_stringify_type_union_operator():
     assert stringify(int | None) == "int | None"  # type: ignore
     assert stringify(int | None, "smart") == "int | None"  # type: ignore

tox.ini

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [tox]
 minversion = 2.4.0
-envlist = docs,flake8,mypy,twine,py{36,37,38,39,310,311},du{14,15,16,17,18,19}
+envlist = docs,flake8,mypy,twine,py{37,38,39,310,311},du{14,15,16,17,18,19}
 isolated_build = True
 
 [testenv]
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ passenv =
     EPUBCHECK_PATH
     TERM
 description =
-    py{36,37,38,39,310,311}: Run unit tests against {envname}.
+    py{37,38,39,310,311}: Run unit tests against {envname}.
     du{14,15,16,17,18,19}: Run unit tests with the given version of docutils.
 deps =
     du14: docutils==0.14.*