add link to manpages in HTML builder

It is useful to have the HTML documentation builder actually link to
real rendered versions of HTML manpages in its output. That way people
can click on manpages to get the full documentation. There are a few
services offering this online, so we do not explicitly enable one by
default, but the Debian manpages repository has a lot of the manpages
pre-rendered, so it is used as an example in the documentation.

The parsing work is done by a transformer class that parses manpage
objects and extract name/section elements. Those then can be used by
writers to cross-reference to actual sites. An implementation is done
in the two HTML writers, but could also apply to ePUB/PDF writers as
well in the future.

This is not enabled by default: the `manpages_url` configuration item
needs to be enabled to point to the chosen site. The `page`, `section`
and `path` parameters are expanded through Python string formatting in
the URL on output.

Unit tests are fairly limited, but should cover most common use-cases.

tests/test_build_html.py

@@ -1243,3 +1243,16 @@ def test_html_sidebar(app, status, warning):
     assert '<h3>Related Topics</h3>' not in result
     assert '<h3>This Page</h3>' not in result
     assert '<h3>Quick search</h3>' not in result
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('fname,expect', flat_dict({
+    'index.html': [(".//em/a[@href='https://example.com/man.1']", "", True),
+                   (".//em/a[@href='https://example.com/ls.1']", "", True),
+                   (".//em/a[@href='https://example.com/sphinx.']", "", True)]
+    }))
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='manpage_url', confoverrides={
+    'manpages_url': 'https://example.com/{page}.{section}'})
+@pytest.mark.test_params(shared_result='test_build_html_manpage_url')
+def test_html_manpage(app, cached_etree_parse, fname, expect):
+    app.build()
+    check_xpath(cached_etree_parse(app.outdir / fname), fname, *expect)