diff --git a/app/config.c b/app/config.c
index 5547be4..0c6b430 100644
--- a/app/config.c
+++ b/app/config.c
@@ -191,6 +191,8 @@ static void parse_option(const char *option, const char *params)
         smp_enabled = true;
     } else if (strncmp(option, "trace", 6) == 0) {
         enable_trace = true;
+    } else if (strncmp(option, "usbdebug", 9) == 0) {
+        usb_init_options |= USB_DEBUG;
     } else if (strncmp(option, "nosm", 5) == 0) {
         enable_sm = false;
     }
diff --git a/app/main.c b/app/main.c
index f7619dd..de8f57a 100644
--- a/app/main.c
+++ b/app/main.c
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ static void global_init(void)
 
     config_init();
 
-    keyboard_init(pause_at_start);
+    keyboard_init();
 
     display_init();
 
diff --git a/system/keyboard.c b/system/keyboard.c
index 0d82085..513b42d 100644
--- a/system/keyboard.c
+++ b/system/keyboard.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
-// Copyright (C) 2020-2021 Martin Whitaker.
+// Copyright (C) 2020-2022 Martin Whitaker.
 
 #include <stdint.h>
 
@@ -218,10 +218,10 @@ keyboard_types_t keyboard_types = KT_LEGACY | KT_USB;
 // Public Functions
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-void keyboard_init(bool pause_at_end)
+void keyboard_init(void)
 {
     if (keyboard_types & KT_USB) {
-        find_usb_keyboards(pause_at_end);
+        find_usb_keyboards(keyboard_types == KT_USB);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/system/keyboard.h b/system/keyboard.h
index 049336a..068cc85 100644
--- a/system/keyboard.h
+++ b/system/keyboard.h
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ extern keyboard_types_t keyboard_types;
 /**
  * Initialises the keyboard interface.
  */
-void keyboard_init(bool pause_at_end);
+void keyboard_init(void);
 
 /**
  * Checks if a key has been pressed and returns the primary ASCII character
diff --git a/system/usbhcd.c b/system/usbhcd.c
index 2ecc774..50e50d0 100644
--- a/system/usbhcd.c
+++ b/system/usbhcd.c
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 
 #define MAX_USB_CONTROLLERS     8       // an arbitrary limit - must match the initialisation of usb_controllers
 
+#define PAUSE_IF_NONE_TIME      10      // seconds
+
 #define MILLISEC                1000    // in microseconds
 
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -681,7 +683,7 @@ static void probe_usb_controller(int bus, int dev, int func, hci_type_t controll
 // Public Functions
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-void find_usb_keyboards(bool pause_at_end)
+void find_usb_keyboards(bool pause_if_none)
 {
     clear_screen();
     print_usb_info("Scanning for USB keyboards...");
@@ -738,9 +740,15 @@ void find_usb_keyboards(bool pause_at_end)
         }
     }
 
-    if (pause_at_end) {
+    if (usb_init_options & USB_DEBUG) {
         print_usb_info("Press any key to continue...");
         while (get_key() == 0) {}
+    } else if (pause_if_none && num_usb_controllers == 0) {
+        for (int i = PAUSE_IF_NONE_TIME; i > 0; i--) {
+            print_usb_info("No USB keyboards found. Continuing in %i second%c ", i, i == 1 ? ' ' : 's');
+            sleep(1);
+            print_row--; // overwrite message
+        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/system/usbhcd.h b/system/usbhcd.h
index bac4758..cd7441c 100644
--- a/system/usbhcd.h
+++ b/system/usbhcd.h
@@ -113,7 +113,8 @@ typedef struct usb_hcd_s {
 typedef enum {
     USB_DEFAULT_INIT    = 0,
     USB_EXTRA_RESET     = 1 << 0,
-    USB_IGNORE_EHCI     = 1 << 1
+    USB_IGNORE_EHCI     = 1 << 1,
+    USB_DEBUG           = 1 << 2
 } usb_init_options_t;
 
 /**
@@ -266,7 +267,7 @@ bool find_attached_usb_keyboards(const usb_hcd_t *hcd, const usb_hub_t *hub, int
  *
  * Used internally by keyboard.c.
  */
-void find_usb_keyboards(bool pause_at_end);
+void find_usb_keyboards(bool pause_if_none);
 
 /**
  * Polls the keyboards discovered by find_usb_keyboards. Consumes and returns