diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index 89ae17e83..74c6fcca2 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@
     "lodash.map": "^3.0.0",
     "lodash.pick": "^3.0.0",
     "lodash.result": "^3.0.0",
+    "lodash.snakecase": "^3.0.1",
     "lodash.startswith": "^3.0.1",
     "make-error": "^1",
     "multikey-hash": "^1.0.1",
diff --git a/src/api-errors.js b/src/api-errors.js
index cf1263ccc..aadc48b25 100644
--- a/src/api-errors.js
+++ b/src/api-errors.js
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ export {
   InvalidJson,
   InvalidParameters,
   InvalidRequest,
+  JsonRpcError,
   MethodNotFound
 } from 'json-rpc-protocol'
 
diff --git a/src/api.js b/src/api.js
index 64292a0c2..81f681e53 100644
--- a/src/api.js
+++ b/src/api.js
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import schemaInspector from 'schema-inspector'
 
 import {
   InvalidParameters,
+  JsonRpcError,
   MethodNotFound,
   NoSuchObject,
   Unauthorized
@@ -289,11 +290,12 @@ export default class Api {
       context.user = await context._getUser(userId)
     }
 
-    await checkPermission.call(context, method)
-    checkParams(method, params)
-
-    await resolveParams.call(context, method, params)
     try {
+      await checkPermission.call(context, method)
+      checkParams(method, params)
+
+      await resolveParams.call(context, method, params)
+
       let result = await method.call(context, params)
 
       // If nothing was returned, consider this operation a success
@@ -306,7 +308,11 @@ export default class Api {
 
       return result
     } catch (error) {
-      debug('Error: %s(...) → %s', name, error)
+      if (error instanceof JsonRpcError) {
+        debug('Error: %s(...) → %s', name, error)
+      } else {
+        console.error(error && error.stack || error)
+      }
 
       throw error
     }
diff --git a/src/api/disk.js b/src/api/disk.js
index 26cea6cd0..c54f624d4 100644
--- a/src/api/disk.js
+++ b/src/api/disk.js
@@ -3,19 +3,10 @@ import {parseSize} from '../utils'
 // ===================================================================
 
 export async function create ({name, size, sr}) {
-  const xapi = this.getXAPI(sr)
-
-  const ref = await xapi.call('VDI.create', {
-    name_label: name,
-    other_config: {},
-    read_only: false,
-    sharable: false,
-    SR: sr.ref,
-    type: 'user',
-    virtual_size: String(parseSize(size))
+  const vdi = await this.getXAPI(sr).createVdi(sr.id, parseSize(size), {
+    name_label: name
   })
-
-  return (await xapi.call('VDI.get_record', ref)).uuid
+  return vdi.$id
 }
 
 create.description = 'create a new disk on a SR'
diff --git a/src/api/vdi.coffee b/src/api/vdi.coffee
index fded37742..7ed7afc62 100644
--- a/src/api/vdi.coffee
+++ b/src/api/vdi.coffee
@@ -9,12 +9,9 @@ $isArray = require 'lodash.isarray'
 #=====================================================================
 
 delete_ = $coroutine ({vdi}) ->
-  xapi = @getXAPI vdi
+  yield @getXAPI(vdi).deleteVdi(vdi.id)
 
-  # TODO: check if VDI is attached before
-  yield xapi.call 'VDI.destroy', vdi.ref
-
-  return true
+  return
 
 delete_.params = {
   id: { type: 'string' },
diff --git a/src/api/vif.js b/src/api/vif.js
index c7d61a650..266bb251d 100644
--- a/src/api/vif.js
+++ b/src/api/vif.js
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // TODO: move into vm and rename to removeInterface
 async function delete_ ({vif}) {
-  // TODO: check if VIF is attached before
-  await this.getXAPI(vif).call('VIF.destroy', vif.ref)
+  await this.getXAPI(vif).deleteVif(vif.id)
 }
 export {delete_ as delete}
 
diff --git a/src/api/vm.coffee b/src/api/vm.coffee
index 3d83cd7bb..d0c93f6b0 100644
--- a/src/api/vm.coffee
+++ b/src/api/vm.coffee
@@ -28,143 +28,23 @@ $isVMRunning = do ->
 #=====================================================================
 
 # TODO: Implement ACLs
-# FIXME: Make the method as atomic as possible.
 create = $coroutine ({
   installation
+  name_description
   name_label
   template
   VDIs
   VIFs
 }) ->
-  # Gets the corresponding connection.
-  xapi = @getXAPI template
+  vm = yield @getXAPI(template).createVm(template.id, {
+    installRepository: installation && installation.repository,
+    nameDescription: name_description,
+    nameLabel: name_label,
+    vdis: VDIs,
+    vifs: VIFs
+  })
 
-  # Clones the VM from the template.
-  vm = yield xapi.cloneVm(template.ref, name_label)
-
-  # TODO: if there is an error from now, removes this VM.
-
-  # TODO: remove existing VIFs.
-  # Creates associated virtual interfaces.
-  #
-  # FIXME: device n may already exists, we have to find the first
-  # free device number.
-  deviceId = 0
-  yield Bluebird.all(map(VIFs, (VIF) =>
-    return xapi.createVirtualInterface(vm.$id, VIF.network, {
-      position: deviceId++
-    })
-  ))
-
-  # TODO: ? yield xapi.call 'VM.set_PV_args', vm.$ref, 'noninteractive'
-
-  # Updates the number of existing vCPUs.
-  if CPUs?
-    yield xapi.call 'VM.set_VCPUs_at_startup', vm.$ref, CPUs
-
-  # TODO: remove existing VDIs (o make sure we have only those we
-  # asked.
-  #
-  # Problem: how to know which VMs to clones for instance.
-  if VDIs?
-    # Transform the VDIs specs to conform to XAPI.
-    $forEach VDIs, (VDI, key) ->
-      VDI.bootable = if VDI.bootable then 'true' else 'false'
-      VDI.size = "#{VDI.size}"
-      VDI.sr = VDI.SR
-      delete VDI.SR
-
-      # Preparation for the XML generation.
-      VDIs[key] = { $: VDI }
-
-      return
-
-    # Converts the provision disks spec to XML.
-    VDIs = $js2xml {
-      provision: {
-        disk: VDIs
-      }
-    }
-
-    # Replace the existing entry in the VM object.
-    try yield xapi.call 'VM.remove_from_other_config', vm.$ref, 'disks'
-    yield xapi.call 'VM.add_to_other_config', vm.$ref, 'disks', VDIs
-
-  try yield xapi.call(
-    'VM.remove_from_other_config'
-    vm.$ref
-    'install-repository'
-  )
-  if installation
-    switch installation.method
-      when 'cdrom'
-        yield xapi.call(
-          'VM.add_to_other_config', vm.$ref
-          'install-repository', 'cdrom'
-        )
-      when 'ftp', 'http', 'nfs'
-        yield xapi.call(
-          'VM.add_to_other_config', vm.$ref
-          'install-repository', installation.repository
-        )
-      else
-        @throw(
-          'INVALID_PARAMS'
-          "Unsupported installation method #{installation.method}"
-        )
-
-    # Creates the VDIs and executes the initial steps of the
-    # installation.
-    yield xapi.call 'VM.provision', vm.$ref
-
-    # Gets the VM record.
-    VM = yield xapi.call 'VM.get_record', vm.$ref
-
-    if installation.method is 'cdrom'
-      # Gets the VDI containing the ISO to mount.
-      try
-        VDIref = (@getObject installation.repository, 'VDI').ref
-      catch
-        @throw 'NO_SUCH_OBJECT', 'installation.repository'
-
-      # Finds the VBD associated to the newly created VM which is a
-      # CD.
-      CD_drive = null
-      for ref in VM.VBDs
-        VBD = yield xapi.call 'VBD.get_record', vm.$ref
-        # TODO: Checks it has been correctly retrieved.
-        if VBD.type is 'CD'
-          CD_drive = VBD.ref
-          break
-
-      # No CD drives have been found, creates one.
-      unless CD_drive
-        # See: https://github.com/xenserver/xenadmin/blob/da00b13bb94603b369b873b0a555d44f15fa0ca5/XenModel/Actions/VM/CreateVMAction.cs#L370
-        CD_drive = yield xapi.call 'VBD.create', {
-          bootable: true
-          device: ''
-          empty: true
-          mode: 'RO'
-          other_config: {}
-          qos_algorithm_params: {}
-          qos_algorithm_type: ''
-          type: 'CD'
-          unpluggable: true
-          userdevice: (yield xapi.call 'VM.get_allowed_VBD_devices', vm.$ref)[0]
-          VDI: 'OpaqueRef:NULL'
-          VM: vm.$ref
-        }
-
-      # If the CD drive as not been found, throws.
-      @throw 'NO_SUCH_OBJECT' unless CD_drive
-
-      # Mounts the VDI into the VBD.
-      yield xapi.call 'VBD.insert', CD_drive, VDIref
-  else
-    yield xapi.call 'VM.provision', vm.$ref
-
-  # The VM should be properly created.
-  return vm.uuid
+  return vm.$id
 
 create.permission = 'admin'
 
@@ -178,8 +58,9 @@ create.params = {
     }
   }
 
-  # Name of the new VM.
+  # Name/description of the new VM.
   name_label: { type: 'string' }
+  name_description: { type: 'string', optional: true }
 
   # TODO: add the install repository!
   # VBD.insert/eject
@@ -212,7 +93,6 @@ create.params = {
     items: {
       type: 'object'
       properties: {
-        bootable: { type: 'boolean' }
         device: { type: 'string' }
         size: { type: 'integer' }
         SR: { type: 'string' }
@@ -280,41 +160,8 @@ exports.ejectCd = ejectCd
 #---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 insertCd = $coroutine ({vm, vdi, force}) ->
-  xapi = @getXAPI vm
-
-  # Finds the CD drive.
-  cdDrive = null
-  $forEach (@getObjects vm.$VBDs), (VBD) ->
-    if VBD.is_cd_drive
-      cdDrive = VBD
-      return false
-    return
-
-  if cdDrive
-    cdDriveRef = cdDrive.ref
-
-    if cdDrive.VDI
-      @throw 'INVALID_PARAMS' unless force
-      yield xapi.call 'VBD.eject', cdDriveRef
-  else
-    cdDriveRef = yield xapi.call 'VBD.create', {
-      bootable: true
-      device: ''
-      empty: true
-      mode: 'RO'
-      other_config: {}
-      qos_algorithm_params: {}
-      qos_algorithm_type: ''
-      type: 'CD'
-      unpluggable: true
-      userdevice: (yield xapi.call 'VM.get_allowed_VBD_devices', vm.ref)[0]
-      VDI: 'OpaqueRef:NULL'
-      VM: vm.ref
-    }
-
-  yield xapi.call 'VBD.insert', cdDriveRef, vdi.ref
-
-  return true
+  yield @getXAPI(vm).insertCdIntoVm(vdi.id, vm.id, force)
+  return
 
 insertCd.params = {
   id: { type: 'string' }
@@ -582,13 +429,14 @@ exports.restart = restart
 #---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 clone = $coroutine ({vm, name, full_copy}) ->
-  xapi = @getXAPI vm
-  if full_copy
-    yield xapi.call 'VM.copy', vm.ref, name, ''
-  else
-    yield xapi.call 'VM.clone', vm.ref, name
+  xapi = @getXAPI(vm)
 
-  return true
+  newVm = yield if full_copy
+    xapi.copyVm(vm.ref, null, name)
+  else
+    xapi.cloneVm(vm.ref, name)
+
+  return newVm.$id
 
 clone.params = {
   id: { type: 'string' }
@@ -818,7 +666,11 @@ exports.import = import_
 # FIXME: if position is used, all other disks after this position
 # should be shifted.
 attachDisk = $coroutine ({vm, vdi, position, mode, bootable}) ->
-  yield @getXAPI(vm).attachVdiToVm(vdi.id, vm.id, {bootable, mode, position})
+  yield @getXAPI(vm).attachVdiToVm(vdi.id, vm.id, {
+    bootable,
+    position,
+    readOnly: mode is 'RO'
+  })
   return
 
 attachDisk.params = {
@@ -843,7 +695,7 @@ exports.attachDisk = attachDisk
 # FIXME: position should be optional and default to last.
 
 createInterface = $coroutine ({vm, network, position, mtu, mac}) ->
-  vif = yield @getXAPI(vm).createVirtualInterface(vm.id, network.id, {
+  vif = yield @getXAPI(vm).createVif(vm.id, network.id, {
     mac,
     mtu,
     position
diff --git a/src/utils.js b/src/utils.js
index 031e54ee0..dd22907d9 100644
--- a/src/utils.js
+++ b/src/utils.js
@@ -39,15 +39,7 @@ export const generateToken = (function (randomBytes) {
 
 export const formatXml = (function () {
   const builder = new xml2js.Builder({
-    xmldec: {
-      // Do not include an XML header.
-      //
-      // This is not how this setting should be set but due to the
-      // implementation of both xml2js and xmlbuilder-js it works.
-      //
-      // TODO: Find a better alternative.
-      headless: true
-    }
+    headless: true
   })
 
   return (...args) => builder.buildObject(...args)
diff --git a/src/utils.spec.js b/src/utils.spec.js
index 38142afff..f8463e150 100644
--- a/src/utils.spec.js
+++ b/src/utils.spec.js
@@ -6,12 +6,13 @@ import expect from 'must'
 
 import {
   ensureArray,
-  extractProperty
+  extractProperty,
+  formatXml
 } from './utils'
 
 // ===================================================================
 
-describe('ensureArray', function () {
+describe('ensureArray()', function () {
   it('wrap the value in an array', function () {
     const value = 'foo'
 
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ describe('ensureArray', function () {
 
 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-describe('extractProperty', function () {
+describe('extractProperty()', function () {
   it('returns the value of the property', function () {
     const value = {}
     const obj = { prop: value }
@@ -47,3 +48,21 @@ describe('extractProperty', function () {
     expect(obj).to.not.have.property('prop')
   })
 })
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+describe('formatXml()', function () {
+  it('formats a JS object to an XML string', function () {
+    expect(formatXml({
+      foo: {
+        bar: [
+          {$: {baz: 'plop'}},
+          {$: {baz: 'plip'}}
+        ]
+      }
+    })).to.equal(`<foo>
+  <bar baz="plop"/>
+  <bar baz="plip"/>
+</foo>`)
+  })
+})
diff --git a/src/xapi-objects-to-xo.js b/src/xapi-objects-to-xo.js
index ca88bac03..1fab40d9a 100644
--- a/src/xapi-objects-to-xo.js
+++ b/src/xapi-objects-to-xo.js
@@ -239,11 +239,12 @@ export function vm (obj) {
       arch: otherConfig['install-arch'],
       disks: (function () {
         const {disks: xml} = otherConfig
-        if (!xml) {
+        let data
+        if (!xml || !(data = parseXml(xml)).provision) {
           return []
         }
 
-        const disks = ensureArray(parseXml(xml).provision.disk)
+        const disks = ensureArray(data.provision.disk)
         forEach(disks, function normalize (disk) {
           disk.bootable = disk.bootable === 'true'
           disk.size = +disk.size
diff --git a/src/xapi.js b/src/xapi.js
index 01203c471..55fa6a3ed 100644
--- a/src/xapi.js
+++ b/src/xapi.js
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import find from 'lodash.find'
 import forEach from 'lodash.foreach'
 import got from 'got'
 import map from 'lodash.map'
+import snakeCase from 'lodash.snakecase'
 import unzip from 'julien-f-unzip'
 import {PassThrough} from 'stream'
 import {promisify} from 'bluebird'
@@ -13,7 +14,11 @@ import {
 } from 'xen-api'
 
 import {debounce} from './decorators'
-import {ensureArray, noop, parseXml, pFinally} from './utils'
+import {
+  ensureArray,
+  noop, parseXml,
+  pFinally
+} from './utils'
 import {JsonRpcError} from './api-errors'
 
 const debug = createDebug('xo:xapi')
@@ -70,6 +75,8 @@ const VM_RUNNING_POWER_STATES = {
 }
 export const isVmRunning = (vm) => VM_RUNNING_POWER_STATES[vm.power_state]
 
+export const isVmHvm = (vm) => Boolean(vm.HVM_boot_policy)
+
 // ===================================================================
 
 export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
@@ -124,17 +131,15 @@ export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
   _waitObject (idOrUuidOrRef) {
     let watcher = this._objectWatchers[idOrUuidOrRef]
     if (!watcher) {
-      let resolve, reject
-      const promise = new Promise((resolve_, reject_) => {
+      let resolve
+      const promise = new Promise(resolve_ => {
         resolve = resolve_
-        reject = reject_
       })
 
       // Register the watcher.
       watcher = this._objectWatchers[idOrUuidOrRef] = {
         promise,
-        resolve,
-        reject
+        resolve
       }
     }
 
@@ -193,11 +198,11 @@ export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
 
   // =================================================================
 
-  async _setObjectProperties (id, props) {
+  async _setObjectProperties (object, props) {
     const {
       $ref: ref,
       $type: type
-    } = this.getObject(id)
+    } = object
 
     const namespace = getNamespaceForType(type)
 
@@ -205,7 +210,7 @@ export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
     // properties that failed to be set.
     await Promise.all(map(props, (value, name) => {
       if (value != null) {
-        return this.call(`${namespace}.set_${name}`, ref, value)
+        return this.call(`${namespace}.set_${snakeCase(name)}`, ref, value)
       }
     }))
   }
@@ -214,7 +219,7 @@ export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
     name_label,
     name_description
   }) {
-    await this._setObjectProperties(this.pool.$id, {
+    await this._setObjectProperties(this.pool, {
       name_label,
       name_description
     })
@@ -224,7 +229,7 @@ export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
     name_label,
     name_description
   }) {
-    await this._setObjectProperties(id, {
+    await this._setObjectProperties(this.getObject(id), {
       name_label,
       name_description
     })
@@ -404,10 +409,9 @@ export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
 
   // =================================================================
 
-  async _deleteVdi (vdiId) {
-    const vdi = this.getObject(vdiId)
+  async _cloneVm (vm, nameLabel = vm.name_label) {
+    return await this.call('VM.clone', vm.$ref, nameLabel)
 
-    await this.call('VDI.destroy', vdi.$ref)
   }
 
   async _snapshotVm (vm, nameLabel = vm.name_label) {
@@ -419,15 +423,139 @@ export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
     return ref
   }
 
-  async cloneVm (vmId, name_label = undefined) {
+  async cloneVm (vmId, nameLabel = undefined) {
+    return this._getOrWaitObject(
+      await this._cloneVm(this.getObject(vmId), nameLabel)
+    )
+  }
+
+  async copyVm (vmId, srId = null, nameLabel = undefined) {
     const vm = this.getObject(vmId)
-    if (name_label == null) {
-      ({name_label} = vm)
+    const srRef = (srId == null) ?
+      '' :
+      this.getObject(srId).$ref
+
+    return await this._getOrWaitObject(
+      await this.call('VM.copy', vm.$ref, nameLabel || vm.nameLabel, srRef)
+    )
+  }
+
+  // TODO: clean up on error.
+  async createVm (templateId, {
+    nameDescription = undefined,
+    nameLabel = undefined,
+    cpus = undefined,
+    installRepository = undefined,
+    vdis = [],
+    vifs = []
+  } = {}) {
+    const installMethod = (() => {
+      if (installRepository == null) {
+        return 'none'
+      }
+
+      try {
+        installRepository = this.getObject(installRepository)
+        return 'cd'
+      } catch (_) {
+        return 'network'
+      }
+    })()
+
+    const template = this.getObject(templateId)
+
+    // Clones the template.
+    const vm = await this._getOrWaitObject(
+      await this._cloneVm(template, nameLabel)
+    )
+
+    // TODO: copy BIOS strings?
+
+    // Removes disks from the provision XML, we will create them by
+    // ourselves.
+    await this.call('VM.remove_from_other_config', vm.$ref, 'disks').catch(noop)
+
+    // Creates the VDIs and executes the initial steps of the
+    // installation.
+    await this.call('VM.provision', vm.$ref)
+
+    // Set VMs params.
+    this._setObjectProperties(vm, {
+      nameDescription,
+      VCPUs_at_startup: cpus
+    })
+
+    // Sets boot parameters.
+    {
+      const isHvm = isVmHvm(vm)
+
+      if (isHvm) {
+        if (!vdis.length || installMethod === 'network') {
+          // TODO: set boot order
+        }
+      } else { // PV
+        if (vm.PV_bootloader === 'eliloader') {
+          // Removes any preexisting entry.
+          await this.call('VM.remove_from_other_config', vm.$ref, 'install-repository').catch(noop)
+
+          if (installMethod === 'network') {
+            // TODO: normalize RHEL URL?
+
+            await this.call('VM.add_to_other_config', vm.$ref, 'install-repository', installRepository)
+          } else if (installMethod === 'cd') {
+            await this.call('VM.add_to_other_config', vm.$ref, 'install-repository', 'cdrom')
+            await this._insertCdIntoVm(installRepository, vm)
+          }
+        }
+
+        // TODO: set PV args.
+      }
     }
 
-    const ref = this.call('VM.clone', vm.$ref, name_label)
+    // Creates the VDIs.
+    //
+    // TODO: set vm.suspend_SR
+    {
+      const {$default_SR: defaultSr} = this.pool
+      await Promise.all(map(vdis, (vdiDescription, i) => {
+        return this._createVdi(
+          this.getObject(vdiDescription.sr || vdiDescription.SR, defaultSr),
+          vdiDescription.size,
+          {
+            name_label: vdiDescription.name_label,
+            name_description: vdiDescription.name_description
+          }
+        )
+          .then(ref => this._getOrWaitObject(ref))
+          .then(vdi => this._createVbd(vm, vdi, {
+            // Only the first VBD if installMethod is not cd is bootable.
+            bootable: installMethod !== 'cd' && !i
+          }))
+      }))
+    }
 
-    return await this._getOrWaitObject(ref)
+    // Destroys the VIFs cloned from the template.
+    await Promise.all(map(vm.$vifs, vif => this._deleteVif(vif)))
+
+    // Creates the VIFs specified by the user.
+    {
+      let position = 0
+      await Promise.all(map(vifs, vif => this._createVif(
+        vm,
+        this.getObject(vif.network),
+        {
+          position: position++,
+          mac: vif.mac,
+          mtu: vif.mtu
+        }
+      )))
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Create Cloud config drives.
+
+    // TODO: Assign VGPUs.
+
+    return vm
   }
 
   async deleteVm (vmId, deleteDisks = false) {
@@ -439,6 +567,11 @@ export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
 
     if (deleteDisks) {
       await Promise.all(map(vm.$VBDs, vbd => {
+        // Do not delete unpluggable VDIs.
+        if (vbd.unpluggable) {
+          return
+        }
+
         try {
           return this._deleteVdi(vbd.$VDI).catch(noop)
         } catch (_) {}
@@ -503,33 +636,27 @@ export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
     )
   }
 
-  async attachVdiToVm (vdiId, vmId, {
+  // =================================================================
+
+  async _createVbd (vm, vdi, {
     bootable = false,
-    mode = 'RW',
-    position
-  } = {}) {
-    const vdi = this.getObject(vdiId)
-    const vm = this.getObject(vmId)
-
+    position = undefined,
+    type = 'Disk',
+    readOnly = (type !== 'Disk')
+  }) {
     if (position == null) {
-      forEach(vm.$VBDs, vbd => {
-        const curPos = +vbd.userdevice
-        if (!(position > curPos)) {
-          position = curPos
-        }
-      })
-
-      position = position == null ? 0 : position + 1
+      position = (await this.call('VM.get_allowed_VBD_devices', vm.$ref))[0]
     }
 
     const vbdRef = await this.call('VBD.create', {
       bootable,
       empty: false,
-      mode,
+      mode: readOnly ? 'RO' : 'RW',
       other_config: {},
       qos_algorithm_params: {},
       qos_algorithm_type: '',
-      type: 'Disk',
+      type,
+      unpluggable: (type !== 'Disk'),
       userdevice: String(position),
       VDI: vdi.$ref,
       VM: vm.$ref
@@ -538,17 +665,105 @@ export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
     if (isVmRunning(vm)) {
       await this.call('VBD.plug', vbdRef)
     }
+
+    return vbdRef
+  }
+
+  async _createVdi (sr, size, {
+    name_label = '',
+    name_description = undefined
+  } = {}) {
+    return await this.call('VDI.create', {
+      name_label: name_label,
+      name_description: name_description,
+      other_config: {},
+      read_only: false,
+      sharable: false,
+      SR: sr.$ref,
+      type: 'user',
+      virtual_size: String(size)
+    })
+  }
+
+  // TODO: check whether the VDI is attached.
+  async _deleteVdi (vdi) {
+    await this.call('VDI.destroy', vdi.$ref)
+  }
+
+  _getVmCdDrive (vm) {
+    for (let vbd of vm.$VBDs) {
+      if (vbd.type === 'CD') {
+        return vbd
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  async _insertCdIntoVm (cd, vm, force) {
+    const cdDrive = await this._getVmCdDrive(vm)
+    if (cdDrive) {
+      try {
+        await this.call('VBD.insert', cdDrive.$ref, cd.$ref).catch()
+      } catch (error) {
+        if (force && error.code === 'VBD_NOT_EMPTY') {
+          await this.call('VBD.eject', cdDrive.$ref).catch(noop)
+
+          return this._insertCdIntoVm(cd, vm, force)
+        }
+
+        throw error
+      }
+    } else {
+      await this._createVbd(vm, cd, {
+        bootable: true,
+        type: 'CD'
+      })
+    }
+  }
+
+  async attachVdiToVm (vdiId, vmId, opts = undefined) {
+    await this._createVbd(
+      this.getObject(vdiId),
+      this.getObject(vmId),
+      opts
+    )
+  }
+
+  async createVdi (srId, size, opts) {
+    return await this._getOrWaitObject(
+      await this._createVdi(this.getObject(srId), size, opts)
+    )
+  }
+
+  async deleteVdi (vdiId) {
+    await this._deleteVdi(this.getObject(vdiId))
+  }
+
+  async insertCdIntoVm (cdId, vmId, force = undefined) {
+    await this._insertCdIntoVm(
+      this.getObject(cdId),
+      this.getObject(vmId),
+      force
+    )
   }
 
   // =================================================================
 
-  async createVirtualInterface (vmId, networkId, {
+  async _createVif (vm, network, {
     mac = '',
     mtu = 1500,
-    position = 0
+    position = undefined
   } = {}) {
-    const vm = this.getObject(vmId)
-    const network = this.getObject(networkId)
+    // TODO: use VM.get_allowed_VIF_devices()?
+    if (position == null) {
+      forEach(vm.$VIFs, vif => {
+        const curPos = +vif.device
+        if (!(position > curPos)) {
+          position = curPos
+        }
+      })
+
+      position = position == null ? 0 : position + 1
+    }
 
     const vifRef = await this.call('VIF.create', {
       device: String(position),
@@ -565,7 +780,26 @@ export default class Xapi extends XapiBase {
       await this.call('VIF.plug', vifRef)
     }
 
-    return await this._getOrWaitObject(vifRef)
+    return vifRef
+  }
+
+  // TODO: check whether the VIF was unplugged before.
+  async _deleteVif (vif) {
+    await this.call('VIF.destroy', vif.$ref)
+  }
+
+  async createVif (vmId, networkId, opts = undefined) {
+    return await this._getOrWaitObject(
+      await this._createVif(
+        this.getObject(vmId),
+        this.getObject(networkId),
+        opts
+      )
+    )
+  }
+
+  async deleteVif (vifId) {
+    await this._deleteVif(this.getObject(vifId))
   }
 
   // =================================================================