feat(backups,vhd-lib): implement copyless merge (#6271)

@xen-orchestra/backups/_cleanVm.js

@@ -59,30 +59,20 @@ async function mergeVhdChain(chain, { handler, logInfo, remove, merge }) {
     let done, total
     const handle = setInterval(() => {
       if (done !== undefined) {
-        logInfo(`merging children in progress`, { children, parent, doneCount: done, totalCount: total})
+        logInfo(`merging children in progress`, { children, parent, doneCount: done, totalCount: total })
       }
     }, 10e3)
 
     const mergedSize = await mergeVhd(handler, parent, handler, children, {
+      logInfo,
       onProgress({ done: d, total: t }) {
         done = d
         total = t
       },
+      remove,
     })
 
     clearInterval(handle)
-    const mergeTargetChild = children.shift()
-    await Promise.all([
-      VhdAbstract.rename(handler, parent, mergeTargetChild),
-      asyncMap(children, child => {
-        logInfo(`the VHD child is already merged`, { child })
-        if (remove) {
-          logInfo(`deleting merged VHD child`, { child })
-          return VhdAbstract.unlink(handler, child)
-        }
-      }),
-    ])
-
     return mergedSize
   }
 }

CHANGELOG.unreleased.md

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 
 > Users must be able to say: “Nice enhancement, I'm eager to test it”
 
+- [Backup] Merge delta backups without copying data when using VHD directories on NFS/SMB/local remote(https://github.com/vatesfr/xen-orchestra/pull/6271))
+
 ### Bug fixes
 
 > Users must be able to say: “I had this issue, happy to know it's fixed”
@@ -33,9 +35,11 @@
 
 - @vates/event-listeners-manager patch
 - @vates/read-chunk major
+- @xen-orchestra/backups minor
 - @xen-orchestra/xapi minor
+- vhd-lib minor
 - xo-remote-parser minor
-- xo-server patch
+- xo-server minor
 - xo-vmdk-to-vhd patch
 
 <!--packages-end-->

packages/vhd-lib/Vhd/VhdAbstract.js

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ exports.VhdAbstract = class VhdAbstract {
    *
    * @returns {number} the merged data size
    */
-  async coalesceBlock(child, blockId) {
+  async mergeBlock(child, blockId) {
     const block = await child.readBlock(blockId)
     await this.writeEntireBlock(block)
     return block.data.length

packages/vhd-lib/Vhd/VhdDirectory.integ.spec.js

@@ -53,19 +53,25 @@ test('Can coalesce block', async () => {
     const childDirectoryVhd = yield openVhd(handler, childDirectoryName)
     await childDirectoryVhd.readBlockAllocationTable()
 
-    await parentVhd.coalesceBlock(childFileVhd, 0)
+    let childBlockData = (await childDirectoryVhd.readBlock(0)).data
+    await parentVhd.mergeBlock(childDirectoryVhd, 0)
     await parentVhd.writeFooter()
     await parentVhd.writeBlockAllocationTable()
     let parentBlockData = (await parentVhd.readBlock(0)).data
-    let childBlockData = (await childFileVhd.readBlock(0)).data
+    // block should be present in parent
     expect(parentBlockData.equals(childBlockData)).toEqual(true)
+    // block should not be in child since it's a rename  for vhd directory
+    await expect(childDirectoryVhd.readBlock(0)).rejects.toThrowError()
 
-    await parentVhd.coalesceBlock(childDirectoryVhd, 0)
+    childBlockData = (await childFileVhd.readBlock(1)).data
+    await parentVhd.mergeBlock(childFileVhd, 1)
     await parentVhd.writeFooter()
     await parentVhd.writeBlockAllocationTable()
-    parentBlockData = (await parentVhd.readBlock(0)).data
-    childBlockData = (await childDirectoryVhd.readBlock(0)).data
-    expect(parentBlockData).toEqual(childBlockData)
+    parentBlockData = (await parentVhd.readBlock(1)).data
+    // block should be present in parent in case of mixed vhdfile/vhddirectory
+    expect(parentBlockData.equals(childBlockData)).toEqual(true)
+    // block should still be child
+    await childFileVhd.readBlock(1)
   })
 })
 

packages/vhd-lib/Vhd/VhdDirectory.js

@@ -142,13 +142,13 @@ exports.VhdDirectory = class VhdDirectory extends VhdAbstract {
     return test(this.#blockTable, blockId)
   }
 
-  _getChunkPath(partName) {
+  #getChunkPath(partName) {
     return this._path + '/' + partName
   }
 
   async _readChunk(partName) {
     // here we can implement compression and / or crypto
-    const buffer = await this._handler.readFile(this._getChunkPath(partName))
+    const buffer = await this._handler.readFile(this.#getChunkPath(partName))
 
     const uncompressed = await this.#compressor.decompress(buffer)
     return {
@@ -164,16 +164,20 @@ exports.VhdDirectory = class VhdDirectory extends VhdAbstract {
     )
 
     const compressed = await this.#compressor.compress(buffer)
-    return this._handler.outputFile(this._getChunkPath(partName), compressed, this._opts)
+    return this._handler.outputFile(this.#getChunkPath(partName), compressed, this._opts)
   }
 
   // put block in subdirectories to limit impact when doing directory listing
-  _getBlockPath(blockId) {
+  #getBlockPath(blockId) {
     const blockPrefix = Math.floor(blockId / 1e3)
     const blockSuffix = blockId - blockPrefix * 1e3
     return `blocks/${blockPrefix}/${blockSuffix}`
   }
 
+  _getFullBlockPath(blockId) {
+    return this.#getChunkPath(this.#getBlockPath(blockId))
+  }
+
   async readHeaderAndFooter() {
     await this.#readChunkFilters()
 
@@ -200,7 +204,7 @@ exports.VhdDirectory = class VhdDirectory extends VhdAbstract {
     if (onlyBitmap) {
       throw new Error(`reading 'bitmap of block' ${blockId} in a VhdDirectory is not implemented`)
     }
-    const { buffer } = await this._readChunk(this._getBlockPath(blockId))
+    const { buffer } = await this._readChunk(this.#getBlockPath(blockId))
     return {
       id: blockId,
       bitmap: buffer.slice(0, this.bitmapSize),
@@ -240,25 +244,39 @@ exports.VhdDirectory = class VhdDirectory extends VhdAbstract {
   }
 
   // only works if data are in the same handler
-  // and if the full block is modified in child ( which is the case whit xcp)
+  // and if the full block is modified in child ( which is the case with xcp)
   // and if the compression type is same on both sides
-  async coalesceBlock(child, blockId) {
+  async mergeBlock(child, blockId, isResumingMerge = false) {
+    const childBlockPath = child._getFullBlockPath?.(blockId)
     if (
-      !(child instanceof VhdDirectory) ||
+      childBlockPath !== undefined ||
       this._handler !== child._handler ||
-      child.compressionType !== this.compressionType
+      child.compressionType !== this.compressionType ||
+      child.compressionType === 'MIXED'
     ) {
-      return super.coalesceBlock(child, blockId)
+      return super.mergeBlock(child, blockId)
     }
-    await this._handler.copy(
-      child._getChunkPath(child._getBlockPath(blockId)),
-      this._getChunkPath(this._getBlockPath(blockId))
-    )
+    try {
+      await this._handler.rename(childBlockPath, this._getFullBlockPath(blockId))
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (error.code === 'ENOENT' && isResumingMerge === true) {
+        // when resuming, the blocks moved since the last merge state write are
+        // not in the child anymore but it should be ok
+
+        // it will throw an error if block is missing in parent
+        // won't detect if the block was already in parent and is broken/missing in child
+        const { data } = await this.readBlock(blockId)
+        assert.strictEqual(data.length, this.header.blockSize)
+      } else {
+        throw error
+      }
+    }
+    setBitmap(this.#blockTable, blockId)
     return sectorsToBytes(this.sectorsPerBlock)
   }
 
   async writeEntireBlock(block) {
-    await this._writeChunk(this._getBlockPath(block.id), block.buffer)
+    await this._writeChunk(this.#getBlockPath(block.id), block.buffer)
     setBitmap(this.#blockTable, block.id)
   }
 

packages/vhd-lib/Vhd/VhdFile.integ.spec.js

@@ -222,14 +222,14 @@ test('Can coalesce block', async () => {
     const childDirectoryVhd = yield openVhd(handler, childDirectoryName)
     await childDirectoryVhd.readBlockAllocationTable()
 
-    await parentVhd.coalesceBlock(childFileVhd, 0)
+    await parentVhd.mergeBlock(childFileVhd, 0)
     await parentVhd.writeFooter()
     await parentVhd.writeBlockAllocationTable()
     let parentBlockData = (await parentVhd.readBlock(0)).data
     let childBlockData = (await childFileVhd.readBlock(0)).data
     expect(parentBlockData).toEqual(childBlockData)
 
-    await parentVhd.coalesceBlock(childDirectoryVhd, 0)
+    await parentVhd.mergeBlock(childDirectoryVhd, 0)
     await parentVhd.writeFooter()
     await parentVhd.writeBlockAllocationTable()
     parentBlockData = (await parentVhd.readBlock(0)).data

packages/vhd-lib/Vhd/VhdSynthetic.js

@@ -43,6 +43,16 @@ const VhdSynthetic = class VhdSynthetic extends VhdAbstract {
     }
   }
 
+  get compressionType() {
+    const compressionType = this.vhds[0].compressionType
+    for (let i = 0; i < this.vhds.length; i++) {
+      if (compressionType !== this.vhds[i].compressionType) {
+        return 'MIXED'
+      }
+    }
+    return compressionType
+  }
+
   /**
    * @param {Array<VhdAbstract>} vhds the chain of Vhds used to compute this Vhd, from the deepest child (in position 0), to the root (in the last position)
    * only the last one can have any type. Other must have type DISK_TYPES.DIFFERENCING (delta)
@@ -74,17 +84,28 @@ const VhdSynthetic = class VhdSynthetic extends VhdAbstract {
     }
   }
 
-  async readBlock(blockId, onlyBitmap = false) {
+  #getVhdWithBlock(blockId) {
     const index = this.#vhds.findIndex(vhd => vhd.containsBlock(blockId))
     assert(index !== -1, `no such block ${blockId}`)
+    return this.#vhds[index]
+  }
 
+  async readBlock(blockId, onlyBitmap = false) {
     // only read the content of the first vhd containing this block
-    return await this.#vhds[index].readBlock(blockId, onlyBitmap)
+    return await this.#getVhdWithBlock(blockId).readBlock(blockId, onlyBitmap)
+  }
+
+  async mergeBlock(child, blockId) {
+    throw new Error(`can't coalesce block into a vhd synthetic`)
   }
 
   _readParentLocatorData(id) {
     return this.#vhds[this.#vhds.length - 1]._readParentLocatorData(id)
   }
+  _getFullBlockPath(blockId) {
+    const vhd = this.#getVhdWithBlock(blockId)
+    return vhd?._getFullBlockPath(blockId)
+  }
 }
 
 // add decorated  static method

packages/vhd-lib/index.js

@@ -6,7 +6,8 @@ exports.checkVhdChain = require('./checkChain')
 exports.createReadableSparseStream = require('./createReadableSparseStream')
 exports.createVhdStreamWithLength = require('./createVhdStreamWithLength')
 exports.createVhdDirectoryFromStream = require('./createVhdDirectoryFromStream').createVhdDirectoryFromStream
-exports.mergeVhd = require('./merge')
+const { mergeVhd } = require('./merge')
+exports.mergeVhd = mergeVhd
 exports.peekFooterFromVhdStream = require('./peekFooterFromVhdStream')
 exports.openVhd = require('./openVhd').openVhd
 exports.VhdAbstract = require('./Vhd/VhdAbstract').VhdAbstract

packages/vhd-lib/merge.integ.spec.js

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ const { getHandler } = require('@xen-orchestra/fs')
 const { pFromCallback } = require('promise-toolbox')
 
 const { VhdFile, chainVhd, mergeVhd } = require('./index')
+const { _cleanupVhds: cleanupVhds } = require('./merge')
 
 const { checkFile, createRandomFile, convertFromRawToVhd } = require('./tests/utils')
 
@@ -38,14 +39,15 @@ test('merge works in normal cases', async () => {
   await createRandomFile(`${tempDir}/${childRandomFileName}`, mbOfChildren)
   await convertFromRawToVhd(`${tempDir}/${childRandomFileName}`, `${tempDir}/${child1FileName}`)
   await chainVhd(handler, parentFileName, handler, child1FileName, true)
+  await checkFile(`${tempDir}/${parentFileName}`)
 
   // merge
   await mergeVhd(handler, parentFileName, handler, child1FileName)
 
-  // check that vhd is still valid
-  await checkFile(`${tempDir}/${parentFileName}`)
+  // check that the merged vhd is still valid
+  await checkFile(`${tempDir}/${child1FileName}`)
 
-  const parentVhd = new VhdFile(handler, parentFileName)
+  const parentVhd = new VhdFile(handler, child1FileName)
   await parentVhd.readHeaderAndFooter()
   await parentVhd.readBlockAllocationTable()
 
@@ -138,11 +140,11 @@ test('it can resume a merge ', async () => {
   await mergeVhd(handler, 'parent.vhd', handler, 'child1.vhd')
 
   // reload header footer and block allocation table , they should succed
-  await parentVhd.readHeaderAndFooter()
-  await parentVhd.readBlockAllocationTable()
+  await childVhd.readHeaderAndFooter()
+  await childVhd.readBlockAllocationTable()
   let offset = 0
   // check that the data are the same as source
-  for await (const block of parentVhd.blocks()) {
+  for await (const block of childVhd.blocks()) {
     const blockContent = block.data
     // first block is marked as already merged, should not be modified
     // second block should come from children
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ test('it can resume a merge ', async () => {
     await fs.read(fd, buffer, 0, buffer.length, offset)
 
     expect(buffer.equals(blockContent)).toEqual(true)
-    offset += parentVhd.header.blockSize
+    offset += childVhd.header.blockSize
   }
 })
 
@@ -183,9 +185,9 @@ test('it merge multiple child in one pass ', async () => {
   await mergeVhd(handler, parentFileName, handler, [grandChildFileName, childFileName])
 
   // check that vhd is still valid
-  await checkFile(parentFileName)
+  await checkFile(grandChildFileName)
 
-  const parentVhd = new VhdFile(handler, parentFileName)
+  const parentVhd = new VhdFile(handler, grandChildFileName)
   await parentVhd.readHeaderAndFooter()
   await parentVhd.readBlockAllocationTable()
 
@@ -206,3 +208,21 @@ test('it merge multiple child in one pass ', async () => {
     offset += parentVhd.header.blockSize
   }
 })
+
+test('it cleans vhd mergedfiles', async () => {
+  const handler = getHandler({ url: `file://${tempDir}` })
+
+  await handler.writeFile('parent', 'parentData')
+  await handler.writeFile('child1', 'child1Data')
+  await handler.writeFile('child2', 'child2Data')
+  await handler.writeFile('child3', 'child3Data')
+
+  // childPath  is from the grand children to the children
+  await cleanupVhds(handler, 'parent', ['child3', 'child2', 'child1'], { remove: true })
+
+  // only child3 should stay, with the data of parent
+  const [child3, ...other] = await handler.list('.')
+  expect(other.length).toEqual(0)
+  expect(child3).toEqual('child3')
+  expect((await handler.readFile('child3')).toString('utf8')).toEqual('parentData')
+})

packages/vhd-lib/merge.js

@@ -12,11 +12,35 @@ const { basename, dirname } = require('path')
 const { DISK_TYPES } = require('./_constants')
 const { Disposable } = require('promise-toolbox')
 const { asyncEach } = require('@vates/async-each')
+const { VhdAbstract } = require('./Vhd/VhdAbstract')
 const { VhdDirectory } = require('./Vhd/VhdDirectory')
 const { VhdSynthetic } = require('./Vhd/VhdSynthetic')
+const { asyncMap } = require('@xen-orchestra/async-map')
 
 const { warn } = createLogger('vhd-lib:merge')
 
+// the chain we want to merge  is [ ancestor, child1, ..., childn]
+// this chain can have grand children or grand parent
+//
+// 1. Create a VhdSynthetic from all children if more than 1 child are merged
+// 2. Merge the resulting vhd into the ancestor
+//    2.a if at least one is a file : copy file part from child to parent
+//    2.b if they are all vhd directory : move blocks from children to the ancestor
+// 3. update the size, uuid and timestamp of the ancestor with those of child n
+// 3. Delete all (now) unused VHDs
+// 4. Rename the ancestor to to child n
+//
+//                  VhdSynthetic
+//                       |
+//              /‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾\
+//  [ ancestor, child1, ...,child n-1,  child n ]
+//         |    \___________________/     ^
+//         |             |                |
+//         |       unused VHDs            |
+//         |                              |
+//         \___________rename_____________/
+
+// write the merge progress file at most  every `delay` seconds
 function makeThrottledWriter(handler, path, delay) {
   let lastWrite = Date.now()
   return async json => {
@@ -28,21 +52,45 @@ function makeThrottledWriter(handler, path, delay) {
   }
 }
 
+// make the rename / delete part of the merge process
+// will fail if parent and children are in different remote
+
+function cleanupVhds(handler, parent, children, { logInfo = noop, remove = false } = {}) {
+  if (!Array.isArray(children)) {
+    children = [children]
+  }
+  const mergeTargetChild = children.shift()
+
+  return Promise.all([
+    VhdAbstract.rename(handler, parent, mergeTargetChild),
+    asyncMap(children, child => {
+      logInfo(`the VHD child is already merged`, { child })
+      if (remove) {
+        logInfo(`deleting merged VHD child`, { child })
+        return VhdAbstract.unlink(handler, child)
+      }
+    }),
+  ])
+}
+module.exports._cleanupVhds = cleanupVhds
+
 // Merge one or multiple vhd child into vhd parent.
 // childPath can be array to create a synthetic VHD from multiple VHDs
+// childPath  is from the grand children to the children
 //
 // TODO: rename the VHD file during the merge
-module.exports = limitConcurrency(2)(async function merge(
+module.exports.mergeVhd = limitConcurrency(2)(async function merge(
   parentHandler,
   parentPath,
   childHandler,
   childPath,
-  { onProgress = noop } = {}
+  { onProgress = noop, logInfo = noop, remove } = {}
 ) {
   const mergeStatePath = dirname(parentPath) + '/' + '.' + basename(parentPath) + '.merge.json'
 
   return await Disposable.use(async function* () {
     let mergeState
+    let isResuming = false
     try {
       const mergeStateContent = await parentHandler.readFile(mergeStatePath)
       mergeState = JSON.parse(mergeStateContent)
@@ -75,6 +123,7 @@ module.exports = limitConcurrency(2)(async function merge(
       assert.strictEqual(childVhd.footer.diskType, DISK_TYPES.DIFFERENCING)
       assert.strictEqual(childVhd.header.blockSize, parentVhd.header.blockSize)
     } else {
+      isResuming = true
       // vhd should not have changed to resume
       assert.strictEqual(parentVhd.header.checksum, mergeState.parent.header)
       assert.strictEqual(childVhd.header.checksum, mergeState.child.header)
@@ -115,12 +164,12 @@ module.exports = limitConcurrency(2)(async function merge(
     let counter = 0
 
     const mergeStateWriter = makeThrottledWriter(parentHandler, mergeStatePath, 10e3)
-
     await asyncEach(
       toMerge,
       async blockId => {
         merging.add(blockId)
-        mergeState.mergedDataSize += await parentVhd.coalesceBlock(childVhd, blockId)
+        mergeState.mergedDataSize += await parentVhd.mergeBlock(childVhd, blockId, isResuming)
+
         merging.delete(blockId)
 
         onProgress({
@@ -155,6 +204,8 @@ module.exports = limitConcurrency(2)(async function merge(
     // should be a disposable
     parentHandler.unlink(mergeStatePath).catch(warn)
 
+    await cleanupVhds(parentHandler, parentPath, childPath, { logInfo, remove })
+
     return mergeState.mergedDataSize
   })
 })

packages/vhd-lib/tests/utils.js

@@ -85,10 +85,9 @@ async function convertToVhdDirectory(rawFileName, vhdFileName, path) {
   await fs.mkdir(path + '/blocks/0/')
   const stats = await fs.stat(rawFileName)
 
-  const sizeMB = stats.size / 1024 / 1024
-  for (let i = 0, offset = 0; i < sizeMB; i++, offset += blockDataSize) {
+  for (let i = 0, offset = 0; offset < stats.size; i++, offset += blockDataSize) {
     const blockData = Buffer.alloc(blockDataSize)
-    await fs.read(srcRaw, blockData, offset)
+    await fs.read(srcRaw, blockData, 0, blockData.length, offset)
     await fs.writeFile(path + '/blocks/0/' + i, Buffer.concat([bitmap, blockData]))
   }
   await fs.close(srcRaw)