diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/TestCoordinateMapping.C b/src/Utility/Test/TestCoordinateMapping.C
index 1410701c..7e41d13e 100644
--- a/src/Utility/Test/TestCoordinateMapping.C
+++ b/src/Utility/Test/TestCoordinateMapping.C
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@
 
 #include "CoordinateMapping.h"
 #include "ASMs1D.h"
-#include "SIM1D.h"
 #include "ASMs2D.h"
 #include "ASMs2Dmx.h"
-#include "SIM2D.h"
 #include "ASMs3D.h"
+#include "SIM1D.h"
+#include "SIM2D.h"
 #include "SIM3D.h"
 #include "SplineUtils.h"
 
@@ -26,162 +26,196 @@
 #include <fstream>
 #include <array>
 
-static Matrix readMatrix(size_t r, size_t c, const std::string& file)
-{
-  Matrix result(r,c);
-  std::ifstream f(file);
-  for (size_t i=1;i<=r;++i)
-    for (size_t j=1;j<=c;++j)
-      f >> result(i,j);
-
-  return result;
-}
-
-static Matrix3D readMatrices(size_t r, size_t c, size_t k, const std::string& file)
-{
-  Matrix3D result(r,c,k);
-  std::ifstream f(file);
-  for (size_t n=1;n<=k;++n)
-    for (size_t i=1;i<=r;++i)
-      for (size_t j=1;j<=c;++j)
-        f >> result(i,j,n);
-
-  return result;
-}
-
-auto&& CHECK_MATRICES_EQUAL = [](const Matrix& A, const std::string& path)
-{
-  Matrix B = readMatrix(A.rows(), A.cols(), path);
-  for (size_t i=1;i<=A.rows();++i)
-    for (size_t j=1;j<=A.cols();++j)
-      ASSERT_NEAR(A(i,j), B(i,j), 1e-13);
-};
-
-
-auto&& CHECK_MATRICES3D_EQUAL = [](const Matrix3D& A, const std::string& path)
-{
-  Matrix3D B = readMatrices(A.dim(1), A.dim(2), A.dim(3), path);
-  for (size_t i=1;i<=A.dim(1);++i)
-    for (size_t j=1;j<=A.dim(2);++j)
-      for (size_t k=1;k<=A.dim(3);++k)
-        ASSERT_NEAR(A(i,j,k), B(i,j,k), 1e-13);
-};
-
 
 TEST(TestCoordinateMapping, Jacobian1D)
 {
   SIM1D sim(1);
-  sim.createDefaultModel();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createDefaultModel());
   ASMs1D& p = static_cast<ASMs1D&>(*sim.getPatch(1));
-  p.uniformRefine(3);
-  sim.preprocess();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createFEMmodel());
 
   Vector N;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdU;
+  Matrix X, dNdU;
   p.extractBasis(0.25, N, dNdU);
-  utl::matrix<Real> X;
   p.getElementCoordinates(X, 2);
 
-  utl::matrix<Real> J;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdX;
+  Matrix J, dNdX;
   Real det = utl::Jacobian(J, dNdX, X, dNdU, true);
-  ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 1.0);
-  ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(J(1,1), 1.0);
-  CHECK_MATRICES_EQUAL(dNdX, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian1D_dNdX.asc");
+
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 1.0);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(J(1,1), 1.0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.rows(), 2U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.cols(), 1U);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(dNdX(1,1),-4.0);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(dNdX(2,1), 4.0);
 }
 
 
 TEST(TestCoordinateMapping, Hessian1D)
 {
   SIM1D sim(1);
-  sim.createDefaultModel();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createDefaultModel());
   ASMs1D& p = static_cast<ASMs1D&>(*sim.getPatch(1));
-  p.raiseOrder(2);
-  p.uniformRefine(3);
-  sim.preprocess();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.raiseOrder(2));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createFEMmodel());
 
   Vector N;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdU;
+  Matrix X, dNdU;
   Matrix3D d2Ndu2;
   p.extractBasis(0.25, N, dNdU, d2Ndu2);
-  utl::matrix<Real> X;
   p.getElementCoordinates(X, 2);
 
-  utl::matrix<Real> J;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdX;
-  Matrix3D d2NdX2;
-  Matrix3D H;
+  Matrix J, dNdX;
+  Matrix3D H, d2NdX2;
   Real det = utl::Jacobian(J, dNdX, X, dNdU, true);
   utl::Hessian(H, d2NdX2, J, X, d2Ndu2, dNdX);
 
-  ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 1.0);
-  ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(J(1,1), 1.0);
-  CHECK_MATRICES_EQUAL(dNdX, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian1D_dNdX.asc");
-  CHECK_MATRICES3D_EQUAL(d2NdX2, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian1D_d2NdX2.asc");
-  ASSERT_NEAR(H(1,1,1), 0.0, 1e-12);
+  const double dndx[] = {
+    -3.0, 1.0, 2.0, 0.0
+  };
+
+  const double d2ndx2[] = {
+    24.0,-40.0, 16.0, 0.0
+  };
+
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 1.0);
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(J(1,1), 1.0);
+  EXPECT_NEAR(H(1,1,1), 0.0, 1.0e-13);
+
+  size_t i = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.rows(), 4U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.cols(), 1U);
+  for (double v : dNdX)
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(dndx[i++], v);
+
+  i = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(d2NdX2.dim(1), 4U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(d2NdX2.dim(2), 1U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(d2NdX2.dim(3), 1U);
+  for (double v : d2NdX2)
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(d2ndx2[i++], v);
 }
 
 
 TEST(TestCoordinateMapping, Jacobian2D)
 {
   SIM2D sim(1);
-  sim.createDefaultModel();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createDefaultModel());
   ASMs2D& p = static_cast<ASMs2D&>(*sim.getPatch(1));
-  p.uniformRefine(1,3);
-  p.uniformRefine(2,3);
-  sim.preprocess();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(0,3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(1,3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createFEMmodel());
 
   Vector N;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdU;
+  Matrix X, dNdU;
   p.extractBasis(0.25, 0.25, N, dNdU);
-  utl::matrix<Real> X;
   p.getElementCoordinates(X, 2);
 
-  utl::matrix<Real> J;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdX;
+  Matrix J, dNdX;
   Real det = utl::Jacobian(J, dNdX, X, dNdU, true);
-  ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 1.0);
-  CHECK_MATRICES_EQUAL(J, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian2D_J.asc");
-  CHECK_MATRICES_EQUAL(dNdX, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian2D_dNdX.asc");
+
+  const double dndx[] = {
+    -4.0, 4.0, 0.0, 0.0,
+    -4.0, 0.0, 4.0, 0.0
+  };
+
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 1.0);
+  for (size_t i = 1; i <= J.rows(); i++)
+    for (size_t j = 1; j <= J.rows(); j++)
+      EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(J(i,j), i == j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+
+  size_t i = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.rows(), 4U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.cols(), 2U);
+  for (double v : dNdX)
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(dndx[i++], v);
 }
 
 
 TEST(TestCoordinateMapping, Hessian2D)
 {
   SIM2D sim(1);
-  sim.createDefaultModel();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createDefaultModel());
   ASMs2D& p = static_cast<ASMs2D&>(*sim.getPatch(1));
-  p.raiseOrder(2,2);
-  p.uniformRefine(1,3);
-  p.uniformRefine(2,3);
-  sim.preprocess();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.raiseOrder(2,2));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(0,3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(1,3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createFEMmodel());
 
   Vector N;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdU;
+  Matrix X, dNdU;
   Matrix3D d2Ndu2;
   p.extractBasis(0.25, 0.25, N, dNdU, d2Ndu2);
-  utl::matrix<Real> X;
   p.getElementCoordinates(X, 2);
 
-  utl::matrix<Real> J;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdX;
-  Matrix3D d2NdX2;
-  Matrix3D H;
+  Matrix J, dNdX;
+  Matrix3D H, d2NdX2;
   Real det = utl::Jacobian(J, dNdX, X, dNdU, true);
   utl::Hessian(H, d2NdX2, J, X, d2Ndu2, dNdX);
-  ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 1.0);
-  CHECK_MATRICES_EQUAL(J, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_J.asc");
-  CHECK_MATRICES3D_EQUAL(H, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_H.asc");
+
+  const double dndx[] = {
+    -0.75, 0.25, 0.5, 0.0,-1.75, 0.5833333333333, 1.1666666666667, 0.0,
+    -0.5, 0.1666666666667, 0.3333333333333, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
+
+    -1.2857142857143, -3.0, -0.8571428571428, 0.0,
+    0.4285714285714, 1.0, 0.2857142857143, 0.0,
+    0.8571428571428, 2.0, 0.5714285714285, 0.0,
+    0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0
+  };
+
+  const double d2ndx2[] = {
+    6.0, -10.0, 4.0, 0.0, 14.0, -23.333333333333, 9.333333333333, 0.0,
+    4.0, -6.666666666667, 2.666666666667, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
+
+    15.428571428571, -5.142857142857, -10.285714285714, 0.0,
+    -5.142857142857, 1.714285714286, 3.428571428571, 0.0,
+    -10.285714285714, 3.428571428571, 6.857142857143, 0.0,  0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
+
+    15.428571428571, -5.142857142857, -10.285714285714, 0.0,
+    -5.142857142857, 1.714285714286, 3.428571428571, 0.0,
+    -10.285714285714, 3.428571428571, 6.857142857143, 0.0,  0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
+
+    20.151603498542, 47.020408163265, 13.434402332362, 0.0,
+    -30.227405247813, -70.530612244897, -20.151603498542, 0.0,
+    10.075801749271, 23.510204081632, 6.717201166181, 0.0,  0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0
+  };
+
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 7.0/12.0);
+  EXPECT_NEAR(J(1,1), 1.0, 1.0e-13);
+  EXPECT_NEAR(J(2,2), 1.7142857142857, 1.0e-13);
+  EXPECT_NEAR(J(1,2), 0.0, 1.0e-13);
+  EXPECT_NEAR(J(2,1), 0.0, 1.0e-13);
+
+  for (size_t i = 1; i <= H.dim(1); i++)
+    for (size_t j = 1; j <= H.dim(2); j++)
+      for (size_t k = 1; k <= H.dim(3); k++)
+        EXPECT_NEAR(H(i,j,k), i==j && j==k && k==2 ? 2.0/3.0 : 0.0, 1.0e-13);
+
+  size_t i = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.rows(), 16U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.cols(), 2U);
+  for (double v : dNdX)
+    EXPECT_NEAR(dndx[i++], v, 1.0e-13);
+
+  i = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(d2NdX2.dim(1), 16U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(d2NdX2.dim(2), 2U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(d2NdX2.dim(3), 2U);
+  for (double v : d2NdX2)
+    EXPECT_NEAR(d2ndx2[i++], v, 1.0e-12);
 }
 
+
 TEST(TestCoordinateMapping, Hessian2D_mixed)
 {
   SIM2D sim({1,1});
-  sim.createDefaultModel();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createDefaultModel());
   ASMs2Dmx& p = static_cast<ASMs2Dmx&>(*sim.getPatch(1));
-  sim.preprocess();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createFEMmodel());
 
-  std::vector<std::vector<Go::BasisDerivsSf2>> splinex2(2);
+  std::array<std::vector<Go::BasisDerivsSf2>, 2> splinex2;
   p.getBasis(1)->computeBasisGrid({0.5}, {0.5}, splinex2[0]);
   p.getBasis(2)->computeBasisGrid({0.5}, {0.5}, splinex2[1]);
 
@@ -194,82 +228,286 @@ TEST(TestCoordinateMapping, Hessian2D_mixed)
   Matrix Jac;
   std::array<Matrix, 2> grad;
 
-  int geoBasis = ASMmxBase::geoBasis;
+  int geoBasis = ASMmxBase::geoBasis - 1;
 
   Matrix Xnod;
   p.getElementCoordinates(Xnod,1);
 
-  utl::Jacobian(Jac, grad[geoBasis-1], Xnod, dNxdu[geoBasis-1]);
+  utl::Jacobian(Jac, grad[geoBasis], Xnod, dNxdu[geoBasis]);
 
-  grad[1-(geoBasis-1)].multiply(dNxdu[1-(geoBasis-1)],Jac);
+  grad[1-geoBasis].multiply(dNxdu[1-geoBasis],Jac);
 
+  const double Hess_basis1[] = {
+    0.5,-1.0, 0.5, 1.0,-2.0, 1.0, 0.5,-1.0, 0.5,
+    1.0, 0.0,-1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,-1.0, 0.0, 1.0,
+    1.0, 0.0,-1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,-1.0, 0.0, 1.0,
+    0.5, 1.0, 0.5,-1.0,-2.0,-1.0, 0.5, 1.0, 0.5
+  };
+
+  const double Hess_basis2[] = {
+    0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
+    1.0,-1.0,-1.0, 1.0,
+    1.0,-1.0,-1.0, 1.0,
+    0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
+  };
+
+  size_t i;
   Matrix3D Hess;
   std::array<Matrix3D, 2> hess;
-  utl::Hessian(Hess, hess[1],Jac,Xnod,d2Nxdu2[1],grad[1],true);
-  utl::Hessian(Hess, hess[0],Jac,Xnod,d2Nxdu2[0],grad[0],false);
+  for (int b = 1; b >= 0; b--)
+  {
+    utl::Hessian(Hess,hess[b],Jac,Xnod,d2Nxdu2[b],grad[b],b==1);
+    // geometry mapping should be the identify mapping
+    const Real* h = hess[b].ptr();
+    i = 0;
+    for (double v : d2Nxdu2[b])
+      EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(h[i++], v);
+  }
 
-  // geometry mapping should be the identify mapping
-  for (size_t d = 0; d < 2; ++ d)
-    for (size_t i=0; i < d2Nxdu2[d].size(); ++i)
-      ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(d2Nxdu2[d].ptr()[i], hess[d].ptr()[i]);
+  i = 0;
+  for (double v : hess[0])
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(Hess_basis1[i++],v);
 
-  CHECK_MATRICES3D_EQUAL(hess[0], "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_mixed_b1.asc");
-  CHECK_MATRICES3D_EQUAL(hess[1], "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_mixed_b2.asc");
+  i = 0;
+  for (double v : hess[1])
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(Hess_basis2[i++],v);
 }
 
 
 TEST(TestCoordinateMapping, Jacobian3D)
 {
   SIM3D sim(1);
-  sim.createDefaultModel();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createDefaultModel());
   ASMs3D& p = static_cast<ASMs3D&>(*sim.getPatch(1));
-  p.uniformRefine(0, 3);
-  p.uniformRefine(1, 3);
-  p.uniformRefine(2, 3);
-  sim.preprocess();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(0,3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(1,3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(2,3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createFEMmodel());
 
   Vector N;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdU;
+  Matrix X, dNdU;
   p.extractBasis(0.25, 0.25, 0.25, N, dNdU);
-  utl::matrix<Real> X;
   p.getElementCoordinates(X, 2);
 
-  utl::matrix<Real> J;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdX;
+  Matrix J, dNdX;
   Real det = utl::Jacobian(J, dNdX, X, dNdU, true);
-  ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 1.0);
-  CHECK_MATRICES_EQUAL(J, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian3D_J.asc");
-  CHECK_MATRICES_EQUAL(dNdX, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian3D_dNdX.asc");
+
+  const double dndx[] = {
+    -4.0, 4.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
+    -4.0, 0.0, 4.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
+    -4.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 4.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0
+  };
+
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 1.0);
+  for (size_t i = 1; i <= J.rows(); i++)
+    for (size_t j = 1; j <= J.rows(); j++)
+      EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(J(i,j), i == j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+
+  size_t i = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.rows(), 8U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.cols(), 3U);
+  for (double v : dNdX)
+    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(dndx[i++], v);
 }
 
 
 TEST(TestCoordinateMapping, Hessian3D)
 {
   SIM3D sim(1);
-  sim.createDefaultModel();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createDefaultModel());
   ASMs3D& p = static_cast<ASMs3D&>(*sim.getPatch(1));
-  p.raiseOrder(2,2,2);
-  p.uniformRefine(0,3);
-  p.uniformRefine(1,3);
-  p.uniformRefine(2,3);
-  sim.preprocess();
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.raiseOrder(2,2,2));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(0,3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(1,3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(p.uniformRefine(2,3));
+  ASSERT_TRUE(sim.createFEMmodel());
 
   Vector N;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdU;
+  Matrix X, dNdU;
   Matrix3D d2Ndu2;
   p.extractBasis(0.25, 0.25, 0.25, N, dNdU, d2Ndu2);
-  utl::matrix<Real> X;
   p.getElementCoordinates(X, 2);
 
-  utl::matrix<Real> J;
-  utl::matrix<Real> dNdX;
-  Matrix3D d2NdX2;
-  Matrix3D H;
+  Matrix J, dNdX;
+  Matrix3D H, d2NdX2;
   Real det = utl::Jacobian(J, dNdX, X, dNdU, true);
   utl::Hessian(H, d2NdX2, J, X, d2Ndu2, dNdX);
-  ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 0.34027779);
-  CHECK_MATRICES_EQUAL(J, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_J.asc");
-  CHECK_MATRICES_EQUAL(dNdX, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_dNdX.asc");
-  CHECK_MATRICES3D_EQUAL(d2NdX2, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_d2NdX2.asc");
-  CHECK_MATRICES3D_EQUAL(H, "src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_H.asc");
+
+  size_t i, j, k;
+  EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(det, 0.34027779);
+  for (i = 1; i <= J.rows(); i++)
+    for (j = 1; j <= J.rows(); j++)
+      if (i == 1 && j == 1)
+        EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(J(i,j), 1.0);
+      else
+        EXPECT_NEAR(J(i,j), i == j ? 1.7142857142857 : 0.0, 1.0e-13);
+
+  const double dndx[] = {
+    -0.1875, 0.0625, 0.125, 0, -0.4375, 0.1458333333333,
+    0.2916666666667, 0, -0.125, 0.04166666666667, 0.08333333333333, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, -0.4375, 0.1458333333333,
+    0.2916666666667, 0, -1.0208333333333, 0.3402777777778, 0.6805555555556, 0,
+    -0.2916666666667, 0.09722222222222, 0.1944444444444, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, -0.125, 0.04166666666667, 0.08333333333333, 0,
+    -0.2916666666667, 0.09722222222222, 0.1944444444444, 0, -0.08333333333333, 0.02777777777778,
+    0.05555555555556, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0,
+
+    -0.3214285714286, -0.75, -0.2142857142857, 0, 0.1071428571429, 0.25,
+    0.07142857142857, 0, 0.2142857142857, 0.5, 0.1428571428571, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, -0.75, -1.75,
+    -0.5, 0, 0.25, 0.5833333333333, 0.1666666666667, 0,
+    0.5, 1.1666666666667, 0.3333333333333, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, -0.2142857142857, -0.5, -0.1428571428571, 0,
+    0.07142857142857, 0.1666666666667, 0.04761904761905, 0, 0.1428571428571, 0.3333333333333,
+    0.0952380952381, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0,
+
+    -0.3214285714286, -0.75, -0.2142857142857, 0, -0.75, -1.75,
+    -0.5, 0, -0.2142857142857, -0.5, -0.1428571428571, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0.1071428571429, 0.25,
+    0.07142857142857, 0, 0.25, 0.5833333333333, 0.1666666666667, 0,
+    0.07142857142857, 0.1666666666667, 0.04761904761905, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0.2142857142857, 0.5, 0.1428571428571, 0,
+    0.5, 1.1666666666667, 0.3333333333333, 0, 0.1428571428571, 0.3333333333333,
+    0.0952380952381, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0.0
+  };
+
+  const double d2ndx2[] = {
+    1.5, -2.5, 1, 0, 3.5, -5.833333333333,
+    2.333333333333, 0, 1, -1.666666666667, 0.6666666666667, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 3.5, -5.833333333333,
+    2.333333333333, 0, 8.166666666667, -13.611111111111, 5.444444444444, 0,
+    2.333333333333, -3.888888888889, 1.555555555556, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 1, -1.666666666667, 0.6666666666667, 0,
+    2.333333333333, -3.888888888889, 1.555555555556, 0, 0.6666666666667, -1.111111111111,
+    0.4444444444444, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0,
+
+    3.857142857143, -1.285714285714, -2.571428571429, 0, -1.285714285714, 0.4285714285714,
+    0.8571428571429, 0, -2.571428571429, 0.8571428571429, 1.714285714286, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 9, -3,
+    -6, 0, -3, 1, 2, 0,
+    -6, 2, 4, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 2.571428571429, -0.8571428571429, -1.714285714286, 0,
+    -0.8571428571429, 0.2857142857143, 0.5714285714286, 0, -1.714285714286, 0.5714285714286,
+    1.142857142857, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0,
+
+    3.857142857143, -1.285714285714, -2.571428571429, 0, 9, -3,
+    -6, 0, 2.571428571429, -0.8571428571429, -1.714285714286, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, -1.285714285714, 0.4285714285714,
+    0.8571428571429, 0, -3, 1, 2, 0,
+    -0.8571428571429, 0.2857142857143, 0.5714285714286, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, -2.571428571429, 0.8571428571429, 1.714285714286, 0,
+    -6, 2, 4, 0, -1.714285714286, 0.5714285714286,
+    1.142857142857, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0,
+
+    3.857142857143, -1.285714285714, -2.571428571429, 0, -1.285714285714, 0.4285714285714,
+    0.8571428571429, 0, -2.571428571429, 0.8571428571429, 1.714285714286, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 9, -3,
+    -6, 0, -3, 1, 2, 0,
+    -6, 2, 4, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 2.571428571429, -0.8571428571429, -1.714285714286, 0,
+    -0.8571428571429, 0.2857142857143, 0.5714285714286, 0, -1.714285714286, 0.5714285714286,
+    1.142857142857, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0,
+
+    5.037900874636, 11.755102040816, 3.35860058309, 0, -7.556851311953, -17.632653061224,
+    -5.037900874636, 0, 2.518950437318, 5.877551020408, 1.679300291545, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 11.755102040816, 27.428571428571,
+    7.836734693878, 0, -17.632653061224, -41.142857142857, -11.755102040816, 0,
+    5.877551020408, 13.714285714286, 3.918367346939, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 3.35860058309, 7.836734693878, 2.239067055394, 0,
+    -5.037900874636, -11.755102040816, -3.35860058309, 0, 1.679300291545, 3.918367346939,
+    1.119533527697, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0,
+
+    6.612244897959, 15.428571428571, 4.408163265306, 0, -2.204081632653, -5.142857142857,
+    -1.469387755102, 0, -4.408163265306, -10.285714285714, -2.938775510204, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, -2.204081632653, -5.142857142857,
+    -1.469387755102, 0, 0.734693877551, 1.714285714286, 0.4897959183673, 0,
+    1.469387755102, 3.428571428571, 0.9795918367347, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, -4.408163265306, -10.285714285714, -2.938775510204, 0,
+    1.469387755102, 3.428571428571, 0.9795918367347, 0, 2.938775510204, 6.857142857143,
+    1.959183673469, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0,
+
+    3.857142857143, -1.285714285714, -2.571428571429, 0, 9, -3,
+    -6, 0, 2.571428571429, -0.8571428571429, -1.714285714286, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, -1.285714285714, 0.4285714285714,
+    0.8571428571429, 0, -3, 1, 2, 0,
+    -0.8571428571429, 0.2857142857143, 0.5714285714286, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, -2.571428571429, 0.8571428571429, 1.714285714286, 0,
+    -6, 2, 4, 0, -1.714285714286, 0.5714285714286,
+    1.142857142857, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0,
+
+    6.612244897959, 15.428571428571, 4.408163265306, 0, -2.204081632653, -5.142857142857,
+    -1.469387755102, 0, -4.408163265306, -10.285714285714, -2.938775510204, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, -2.204081632653, -5.142857142857,
+    -1.469387755102, 0, 0.734693877551, 1.714285714286, 0.4897959183673, 0,
+    1.469387755102, 3.428571428571, 0.9795918367347, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, -4.408163265306, -10.285714285714, -2.938775510204, 0,
+    1.469387755102, 3.428571428571, 0.9795918367347, 0, 2.938775510204, 6.857142857143,
+    1.959183673469, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0,
+
+    5.037900874636, 11.755102040816, 3.35860058309, 0, 11.755102040816, 27.428571428571,
+    7.836734693878, 0, 3.35860058309, 7.836734693878, 2.239067055394, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, -7.556851311953, -17.632653061224,
+    -5.037900874636, 0, -17.632653061224, -41.142857142857, -11.755102040816, 0,
+    -5.037900874636, -11.755102040816, -3.35860058309, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 2.518950437318, 5.877551020408, 1.679300291545, 0,
+    5.877551020408, 13.714285714286, 3.918367346939, 0, 1.679300291545, 3.918367346939,
+    1.119533527697, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0
+  };
+
+  i = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.rows(), 64U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(dNdX.cols(), 3U);
+  for (double v : dNdX)
+    EXPECT_NEAR(dndx[i++], v, 1.0e-13);
+
+  i = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(d2NdX2.dim(1), 64U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(d2NdX2.dim(2), 3U);
+  EXPECT_EQ(d2NdX2.dim(3), 3U);
+  for (double v : d2NdX2)
+    EXPECT_NEAR(d2ndx2[i++], v, 1.0e-12);
+
+  for (i = 1; i <= H.dim(1); i++)
+    for (j = 1; j <= H.dim(2); j++)
+      for (k = 1; k <= H.dim(3); k++)
+        if (k > 1 && j > 1 && i == j && i == k)
+          EXPECT_NEAR(H(i,j,k), 2.0/3.0, 1.0e-13);
+        else
+          EXPECT_NEAR(H(i,j,k), 0.0, 1.0e-13);
 }
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian1D_d2NdX2.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian1D_d2NdX2.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 846edb4e..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian1D_d2NdX2.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-24.0 
--40.0
-16.0
-0.0
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian1D_dNdX.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian1D_dNdX.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 98301771..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian1D_dNdX.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
--3.0
-1.0
-2.0
-0.0
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_H.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_H.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index dbe170b9..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_H.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-0 0
-0 0
-
-0 0
-0 0
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_J.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_J.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 86359f21..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_J.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-1 0
-0 1
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_d2NdX2.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_d2NdX2.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 3fbaf7ab..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_d2NdX2.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-0.4218750000000002 2.109375
--0.5624999999999999 3.893370001395446e-16
--0.09375000000000006 -1.40625
-0.1874999999999999 -0.625
-0.046875 -0.07812500000000001
-2.734375 3.671874999999998
--3.645833333333333 7.518942066186973e-16
--0.6076388888888891 -2.447916666666666
-1.215277777777778 -1.087962962962963
- 0.3038194444444444 -0.1359953703703704
- 2.7734375 -3.0859375
- -3.697916666666667 7.128968097271094e-16
- -0.6163194444444442 2.057291666666666
- 1.232638888888889 0.9143518518518512
- 0.3081597222222222 0.1142939814814814
- 0.7499999999999998 -2.34375
- -1 3.837669114784003e-16
- -0.1666666666666666 1.5625
- 0.3333333333333333 0.6944444444444443
- 0.08333333333333333 0.08680555555555552
- 0.07031249999999997 -0.3515625
- -0.09375000000000003 0
- -0.01562499999999999 0.2343750000000001
- 0.03125 0.1041666666666667
- 0.0078125 0.01302083333333333
- 0 0
- 0 0
- 0 0
- 0 0
- 0 0
-
-2.109375 6.328124999999999
-3.893370001395446e-16 8.4375
--1.40625 4.218750000000001
--0.625 0.9375000000000003
--0.07812500000000001 0.07812500000000004
-3.671874999999998 -3.984375000000003
-7.518942066186973e-16 -5.312500000000001
--2.447916666666666 -2.65625
--1.087962962962963 -0.5902777777777775
- -0.1359953703703704 -0.04918981481481478
- -3.0859375 -6.210937499999996
- 7.128968097271094e-16 -8.281249999999996
- 2.057291666666666 -4.140624999999999
- 0.9143518518518512 -0.9201388888888892
- 0.1142939814814814 -0.07667824074074078
- -2.34375 2.8125
- 3.837669114784003e-16 3.749999999999998
- 1.5625 1.874999999999998
- 0.6944444444444443 0.416666666666666
- 0.08680555555555552 0.03472222222222215
- -0.3515625 1.0546875
- 0 1.40625
- 0.2343750000000001 0.703125
- 0.1041666666666667 0.15625
- 0.01302083333333333 0.01302083333333333
- 0 0
- 0 0
- 0 0
- 0 0
- 0 0
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_dNdX.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_dNdX.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 69e385a7..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_dNdX.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
--0.10546875 -0.3955078125
-0 -0.52734375
-0.07031249999999999 -0.263671875
-0.03125 -0.05859375000000001
-0.00390625 -0.004882812500000001
--0.68359375 -0.6884765624999996
-0 -0.9179687499999997
-0.4557291666666666 -0.4589843749999999
-0.2025462962962963 -0.1019965277777778
- 0.02531828703703703 -0.008499710648148152
- -0.693359375 0.57861328125
- 0 0.7714843749999998
- 0.4622395833333334 0.3857421874999998
- 0.2054398148148148 0.08572048611111102
- 0.02567997685185185 0.007143373842592583
- -0.1875 0.4394531250000001
- 0 0.5859375
- 0.125 0.2929687499999999
- 0.05555555555555555 0.06510416666666664
- 0.006944444444444444 0.00542534722222222
- -0.017578125 0.06591796875000001
- 0 0.08789062500000001
- 0.01171875 0.04394531250000001
- 0.005208333333333334 0.009765625
- 0.0006510416666666667 0.0008138020833333333
- 0 0
- 0 0
- 0 0
- 0 0
- 0 0
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_mixed_b1.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_mixed_b1.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 84982b5a..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_mixed_b1.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-0.5 1
--1 0
-0.5 -1
-1 0
--2 0
-1 0
-0.5 -1
--1 0
-0.5 1
-
-1 0.5
-0 1
--1 0.5
-0 -1
-0 -2
-0 -1
--1 0.5
-0 1
-1 0.5
-
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_mixed_b2.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_mixed_b2.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 39009b31..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian2D_mixed_b2.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-0.0 1.0
-0.0 -1.0
-0.0 -1.0
-0.0 1.0
-
-1.0 0.0
--1.0 0.0
--1.0 0.0
-1.0 0.0
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_H.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_H.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 64a121c8..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_H.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-4.4408920985006262e-16 -1.6653345369377348e-16 -3.8857805861880479e-16
-0 0 0
-0 0 -1.3877787807814457e-16
--1.6653345369377348e-16 0 0
-0 0.6666666666666663 0
-0 2.9143354396410359e-16 0
--3.8857805861880479e-16 0 -5.2735593669694936e-16
-0 0 4.0245584642661925e-16
--1.3877787807814457e-16 0 0.66666666666666596
-
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_J.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_J.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 7af8264b..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_J.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-1 -1.48690583655155e-16 -4.57966997657878e-16 
-2.9738116731031e-18 1.71428571428571 1.52938886045302e-17 
--2.9738116731031e-18 -2.54898143408837e-17 1.71428571428572
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_d2NdX2.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_d2NdX2.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 19ff78dc..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_d2NdX2.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
-1.5000000000000013 3.857142857142859 3.8571428571428603
--2.5000000000000022 -1.285714285714286 -1.285714285714286
-1.0000000000000009 -2.571428571428573 -2.5714285714285743
-0 0 0
-3.5000000000000027 -1.2857142857142874 9.0000000000000053
--5.8333333333333375 0.42857142857142971 -3.0000000000000004
-2.3333333333333353 0.85714285714285754 -6.0000000000000062
-0 0 0
-1.0000000000000009 -2.571428571428573 2.5714285714285734
- -1.6666666666666685 0.85714285714285798 -0.85714285714285732
- 0.6666666666666673 1.7142857142857153 -1.7142857142857162
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 3.5000000000000027 9.0000000000000036 -1.2857142857142887
- -5.8333333333333375 -3.0000000000000009 0.42857142857143177
- 2.3333333333333353 -6.0000000000000027 0.8571428571428571
- 0 0 0
- 8.1666666666666714 -3.0000000000000031 -3.0000000000000071
- -13.61111111111112 1.0000000000000024 1.0000000000000075
- 5.4444444444444473 2 1.9999999999999998
- 0 0 0
- 2.3333333333333353 -6.0000000000000027 -0.85714285714285932
- -3.8888888888888928 2.0000000000000013 0.28571428571428797
- 1.5555555555555569 4.0000000000000018 0.57142857142857151
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 1.0000000000000009 2.5714285714285734 -2.5714285714285743
- -1.6666666666666685 -0.85714285714285754 0.85714285714285887
- 0.6666666666666673 -1.7142857142857153 1.7142857142857157
- 0 0 0
- 2.3333333333333357 -0.85714285714285798 -6.0000000000000062
- -3.8888888888888919 0.28571428571428653 2.000000000000004
- 1.5555555555555569 0.57142857142857162 4.0000000000000027
- 0 0 0
- 0.6666666666666673 -1.7142857142857153 -1.7142857142857162
- -1.1111111111111123 0.57142857142857195 0.57142857142857273
- 0.44444444444444492 1.1428571428571437 1.1428571428571439
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
-3.857142857142859 5.0379008746355689 6.6122448979591866
--1.285714285714286 11.755102040816329 15.428571428571438
--2.571428571428573 3.3586005830903809 4.4081632653061273
-0 0 0
--1.2857142857142874 -7.5568513119533547 -2.2040816326530637
-0.42857142857142971 -17.632653061224492 -5.1428571428571468
-0.85714285714285754 -5.0379008746355716 -1.4693877551020418
-0 0 0
--2.571428571428573 2.5189504373177862 -4.4081632653061247
- 0.85714285714285798 5.8775510204081645 -10.285714285714294
- 1.7142857142857153 1.67930029154519 -2.9387755102040845
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
- 9.0000000000000036 11.755102040816325 -2.2040816326530668
- -3.0000000000000009 27.428571428571427 -5.142857142857145
- -6.0000000000000027 7.8367346938775544 -1.4693877551020396
- 0 0 0
- -3.0000000000000031 -17.632653061224492 0.73469387755102289
- 1.0000000000000024 -41.142857142857146 1.7142857142857157
- 2 -11.755102040816332 0.48979591836734643
- 0 0 0
- -6.0000000000000027 5.8775510204081662 1.4693877551020451
- 2.0000000000000013 13.714285714285715 3.4285714285714306
- 4.0000000000000018 3.9183673469387763 0.97959183673469297
- 0 0 0
- 0 0 0
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- 2.5714285714285734 3.3586005830903791 -4.4081632653061265
- -0.85714285714285754 7.8367346938775544 -10.285714285714294
- -1.7142857142857153 2.2390670553935874 -2.9387755102040836
- 0 0 0
- -0.85714285714285798 -5.0379008746355716 1.4693877551020436
- 0.28571428571428653 -11.755102040816331 3.4285714285714306
- 0.57142857142857162 -3.3586005830903813 0.97959183673469385
- 0 0 0
- -1.7142857142857153 1.6793002915451904 2.9387755102040849
- 0.57142857142857195 3.9183673469387768 6.8571428571428621
- 1.1428571428571437 1.1195335276967933 1.9591836734693888
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-3.8571428571428603 6.6122448979591866 5.0379008746355698
--1.285714285714286 15.428571428571438 11.75510204081634
--2.5714285714285743 4.4081632653061273 3.3586005830903853
-0 0 0
-9.0000000000000053 -2.2040816326530637 11.755102040816327
--3.0000000000000004 -5.1428571428571468 27.428571428571455
--6.0000000000000062 -1.4693877551020418 7.8367346938775659
-0 0 0
-2.5714285714285734 -4.4081632653061247 3.3586005830903796
- -0.85714285714285732 -10.285714285714294 7.8367346938775597
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- 0 0 0
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- 1.0000000000000075 1.7142857142857157 -41.142857142857181
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- 1.7142857142857157 -2.9387755102040836 1.6793002915451907
- 0 0 0
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- 2.000000000000004 3.4285714285714306 13.714285714285728
- 4.0000000000000027 0.97959183673469385 3.9183673469387768
- 0 0 0
- -1.7142857142857162 2.9387755102040849 1.6793002915451929
- 0.57142857142857273 6.8571428571428621 3.9183673469387803
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- 0 0 0
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diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_dNdX.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_dNdX.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 54544329..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Hessian3D_dNdX.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
--0.1875 -0.321428571428571 -0.321428571428572 
-0.0625 -0.75 -0.75 
-0.125 -0.214285714285714 -0.214285714285714 
-0 0 0 
--0.4375 0.107142857142857 -0.75 
-0.145833333333333 0.25 -1.75 
-0.291666666666667 0.0714285714285714 -0.5 
-0 0 0 
--0.125 0.214285714285714 -0.214285714285714 
-0.0416666666666667 0.5 -0.5 
-0.0833333333333334 0.142857142857143 -0.142857142857143 
-0 0 0 
-0 0 0 
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--0.4375 -0.75 0.107142857142857 
-0.145833333333333 -1.75 0.25 
-0.291666666666667 -0.5 0.0714285714285713 
-0 0 0 
--1.02083333333333 0.25 0.250000000000001 
-0.340277777777778 0.583333333333333 0.583333333333333 
-0.680555555555556 0.166666666666667 0.166666666666666 
-0 0 0 
--0.291666666666667 0.5 0.0714285714285716 
-0.0972222222222223 1.16666666666667 0.166666666666667 
-0.194444444444445 0.333333333333333 0.0476190476190476 
-0 0 0 
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--0.125 -0.214285714285714 0.214285714285714 
-0.0416666666666667 -0.5 0.5 
-0.0833333333333334 -0.142857142857143 0.142857142857143 
-0 0 0 
--0.291666666666667 0.0714285714285715 0.5 
-0.0972222222222223 0.166666666666667 1.16666666666667 
-0.194444444444445 0.0476190476190476 0.333333333333333 
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--0.0833333333333334 0.142857142857143 0.142857142857143 
-0.0277777777777778 0.333333333333333 0.333333333333334 
-0.0555555555555556 0.0952380952380953 0.0952380952380953 
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diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian1D_dNdX.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian1D_dNdX.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index c098dc64..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian1D_dNdX.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
--4.0
- 4.0
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian2D_J.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian2D_J.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 86359f21..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian2D_J.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-1 0
-0 1
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian2D_dNdX.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian2D_dNdX.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index a662f695..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian2D_dNdX.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
--1 -3
- 1 -1
- 0  3 
- 0  1
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian3D_J.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian3D_J.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index 90f1b1b9..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian3D_J.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-1 0 0 
-0 1 0 
-0 0 1 
diff --git a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian3D_dNdX.asc b/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian3D_dNdX.asc
deleted file mode 100644
index da6cf67d..00000000
--- a/src/Utility/Test/refdata/Jacobian3D_dNdX.asc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
- -4 -4 -4 
- 4 0 0 
- 0 4 0 
- 0 0 0 
- 0 0 4 
- 0 0 0 
- 0 0 0 
- 0 0 0