ResInsight/ApplicationCode/ReservoirDataModel/RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator.cpp
2018-10-18 15:14:25 +02:00

253 lines
10 KiB
C++

#include "RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator.h"
//==================================================================================================
/// Internal root finding class to find a Well Pressure that gives:
/// a) a zero SigmaT for estimating the fracture gradient.
/// b) a solution to the Stassi-d'Alia failure criterion for estimating the shear failure gradient.
//==================================================================================================
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
///
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator::RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator(const caf::Ten3d& tensor,
double porePressure,
double poissonRatio,
double uniaxialCompressiveStrength,
int nThetaSubSamples)
: m_tensor(tensor)
, m_porePressure(porePressure)
, m_poissonRatio(poissonRatio)
, m_uniaxialCompressiveStrength(uniaxialCompressiveStrength)
, m_nThetaSubSamples(nThetaSubSamples)
{
calculateStressComponents();
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Simple bisection method for now
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
double RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator::solveFractureGradient(double* thetaOut)
{
MemberFunc fn = &RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator::sigmaTMinOfMin;
return solveSecant(fn, thetaOut);
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
///
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
double RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator::solveStassiDalia(double* thetaOut)
{
MemberFunc fn = &RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator::stassiDalia;
return solveSecant(fn, thetaOut);
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Bi-section root finding method: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisection_method
/// Used as fall-back in case the secant method doesn't converge.
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
double RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator::solveBisection(double minPw, double maxPw, MemberFunc fn, double* thetaOut)
{
const int N = 50;
const double epsilon = 1.0e-10;
double theta = 0.0;
std::pair<double, double> largestNegativeValue(0.0, -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
std::pair<double, double> smallestPositiveValue (0.0, std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
for (int i = 0; i <= N; ++i)
{
double pw = minPw + (maxPw - minPw) * i / static_cast<double>(N);
double f_pw = (this->*fn)(pw, &theta);
if (f_pw >= 0.0 && f_pw < smallestPositiveValue.second)
{
smallestPositiveValue = std::make_pair(pw, f_pw);
}
if (f_pw < 0.0 && f_pw > largestNegativeValue.second)
{
largestNegativeValue = std::make_pair(pw, f_pw);
}
}
// TODO: Provide a warning if there was no solution to the equation
if (largestNegativeValue.second == -std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity())
{
// No solution. Function is always positive. Pick smallest value.
return smallestPositiveValue.first;
}
if (smallestPositiveValue.second == std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity())
{
// No solution. Function is always negative. Pick largest value.
return largestNegativeValue.first;
}
minPw = largestNegativeValue.first;
double minPwFuncVal = largestNegativeValue.second;
maxPw = smallestPositiveValue.first;
double maxPwFuncVal = smallestPositiveValue.second;
double range = std::abs(maxPw - minPw);
int i = 0;
for (; i <= N && range > m_porePressure * epsilon; ++i)
{
double midPw = (minPw + maxPw) * 0.5;
double midPwFuncVal = (this->*fn)(midPw, &theta);
if (midPwFuncVal * minPwFuncVal < 0.0)
{
maxPw = midPw;
maxPwFuncVal = midPwFuncVal;
}
else
{
minPw = midPw;
minPwFuncVal = midPwFuncVal;
}
range = std::abs(maxPw - minPw);
}
CVF_ASSERT(i < N); // Otherwise it hasn't converged
if (thetaOut)
{
*thetaOut = theta;
}
// Return average of minPw and maxPw.
return 0.5 * (maxPw + minPw);
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// Secant root finding method: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secant_method
/// Basically a Newton's method using finite differences for the derivative.
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
double RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator::solveSecant(MemberFunc fn, double* thetaOut)
{
const double epsilon = 1.0e-10;
const int N = 50;
double theta = 0.0;
double x_0 = 0.0;
double f_x0 = (this->*fn)(x_0, &theta);
double x_1 = m_porePressure;
double f_x1 = (this->*fn)(x_1, &theta);
double x = 0.0;
double f_x = 0.0;
int i = 0;
for (; i <= N && std::abs(f_x1 - f_x0) > epsilon; ++i)
{
x = x_1 - f_x1 * (x_1 - x_0) / (f_x1 - f_x0);
f_x = (this->*fn)(x, &theta);
if (std::abs(f_x) < epsilon * m_porePressure) break;
// Update iteration variables
x_0 = x_1;
f_x0 = f_x1;
x_1 = x;
f_x1 = f_x;
}
if (i == N || std::abs(f_x) > epsilon * m_porePressure)
{
// Fallback to bisection if secant doesn't converge or converged to a wrong solution.
return solveBisection(0.0, m_porePressure * 2.0, fn, thetaOut);
}
if (thetaOut)
{
*thetaOut = theta;
}
return x;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
///
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
double RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator::sigmaTMinOfMin(double wellPressure, double* thetaAtMin) const
{
CVF_ASSERT(thetaAtMin);
double sigma_t_min_min = std::numeric_limits<double>::max();
for (const cvf::Vec4d& stressComponentsForAngle : m_stressComponents)
{
// Perform all these internal calculations in double to reduce significance errors
double sigma_theta = stressComponentsForAngle[1] - wellPressure;
const double& sigma_z = stressComponentsForAngle[2];
double tauSqrx4 = std::pow(stressComponentsForAngle[3], 2) * 4.0;
double sigma_t_min = 0.5 * ((sigma_z + sigma_theta) - std::sqrt(std::pow(sigma_z - sigma_theta, 2) + tauSqrx4)) - m_porePressure;
if (sigma_t_min < sigma_t_min_min)
{
sigma_t_min_min = sigma_t_min;
*thetaAtMin = stressComponentsForAngle[0];
}
}
return sigma_t_min_min;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
///
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
double RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator::stassiDalia(double wellPressure, double* thetaAtMin) const
{
CVF_ASSERT(thetaAtMin);
double minStassiDalia = std::numeric_limits<double>::max();
for (const cvf::Vec4d& stressComponentsForAngle : m_stressComponents)
{
double sigma_theta = stressComponentsForAngle[1] - wellPressure;
const double& sigma_z = stressComponentsForAngle[2];
double tauSqrx4 = std::pow(stressComponentsForAngle[3], 2) * 4.0;
double sigma_1 = wellPressure - m_porePressure;
double sigma_2 = 0.5 * ((sigma_z + sigma_theta) + std::sqrt(std::pow(sigma_z - sigma_theta, 2) + tauSqrx4)) - m_porePressure;
double sigma_3 = 0.5 * ((sigma_z + sigma_theta) - std::sqrt(std::pow(sigma_z - sigma_theta, 2) + tauSqrx4)) - m_porePressure;
double stassiDalia = std::pow(sigma_1 - sigma_2, 2) + std::pow(sigma_2 - sigma_3, 2) + std::pow(sigma_1 - sigma_3, 2)
- 2 * m_uniaxialCompressiveStrength * (sigma_1 + sigma_2 + sigma_3);
if (stassiDalia < minStassiDalia)
{
minStassiDalia = stassiDalia;
*thetaAtMin = stressComponentsForAngle[0];
}
}
return minStassiDalia;
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
///
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator::calculateStressComponents()
{
m_stressComponents.reserve(m_nThetaSubSamples);
for (int i = 0; i < m_nThetaSubSamples; ++i)
{
double theta = (i *cvf::PI_F) / (m_nThetaSubSamples - 1.0);
cvf::Vec4d stressComponentsForAngle = calculateStressComponentsForSegmentAngle(theta);
m_stressComponents.push_back(stressComponentsForAngle);
}
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
///
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cvf::Vec4d RigGeoMechBoreHoleStressCalculator::calculateStressComponentsForSegmentAngle(double theta) const
{
cvf::Vec4d stressComponents;
const double& sx = m_tensor[caf::Ten3d::SXX];
const double& sy = m_tensor[caf::Ten3d::SYY];
const double& sz = m_tensor[caf::Ten3d::SZZ];
const double& txy = m_tensor[caf::Ten3d::SXY];
const double& txz = m_tensor[caf::Ten3d::SZX];
const double& tyz = m_tensor[caf::Ten3d::SYZ];
stressComponents[0] = theta;
stressComponents[1] = sx + sy - 2 * (sx - sy) * cos(2 * theta) - 4 * txy * sin(2 * theta);
stressComponents[2] = sz - m_poissonRatio * (2 * (sx - sy) * cos(2 * theta) + 4 * txy * sin(2 * theta));
stressComponents[3] = 2 * (tyz * cos(theta) - txz * sin(theta));
return stressComponents;
}