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opm-simulators/tests/models/problems/co2injectionproblem.hh

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some renames to draw the eWoms directory structure nearer to the the one of the remaining OPM modules this renames the 'test' directory to 'tests' and 'test/implicit' to 'tests/models'. the latter change reflects the fact that in eWoms all models are implicit since the IMPET models have been removed.
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// -*- mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*-
// vi: set et ts=4 sw=4 sts=4:
/*****************************************************************************
* Copyright (C) 2008-2013 by Andreas Lauser *
* *
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify *
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by *
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or *
* (at your option) any later version. *
* *
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, *
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of *
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the *
* GNU General Public License for more details. *
* *
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License *
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. *
*****************************************************************************/
/*!
* \file
*
* \copydoc Ewoms::Co2InjectionProblem
*/
#ifndef EWOMS_CO2_INJECTION_PROBLEM_HH
#define EWOMS_CO2_INJECTION_PROBLEM_HH
#include <ewoms/models/pvs/pvsproperties.hh>
#include <opm/material/fluidsystems/H2ON2FluidSystem.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidsystems/BrineCO2FluidSystem.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidstates/CompositionalFluidState.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidstates/ImmiscibleFluidState.hpp>
#include <opm/material/constraintsolvers/ComputeFromReferencePhase.hpp>
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#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/LinearMaterial.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/RegularizedBrooksCorey.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/EffToAbsLaw.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/MaterialTraits.hpp>
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#include <opm/material/heatconduction/Somerton.hpp>
#include <opm/material/binarycoefficients/Brine_CO2.hpp>
#include <opm/material/StaticTabulated2dFunction.hpp>
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#include <dune/grid/yaspgrid.hh>
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#include <dune/common/version.hh>
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#include <dune/common/fvector.hh>
#include <dune/common/fmatrix.hh>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
namespace Ewoms {
template <class TypeTag>
class Co2InjectionProblem;
namespace Co2Injection {
#include <opm/material/components/co2tables.inc>
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}
} // namespace Ewoms
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namespace Opm {
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namespace Properties {
NEW_TYPE_TAG(Co2InjectionBaseProblem);
// declare the CO2 injection problem specific property tags
NEW_PROP_TAG(FluidSystemPressureLow);
NEW_PROP_TAG(FluidSystemPressureHigh);
NEW_PROP_TAG(FluidSystemNumPressure);
NEW_PROP_TAG(FluidSystemTemperatureLow);
NEW_PROP_TAG(FluidSystemTemperatureHigh);
NEW_PROP_TAG(FluidSystemNumTemperature);
NEW_PROP_TAG(MaxDepth);
NEW_PROP_TAG(Temperature);
NEW_PROP_TAG(SimulationName);
// Set the grid type
SET_TYPE_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, Grid, Dune::YaspGrid<2>);
// Set the problem property
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SET_TYPE_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, Problem,
Ewoms::Co2InjectionProblem<TypeTag>);
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// Set fluid configuration
SET_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, FluidSystem)
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{
private:
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typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Scalar) Scalar;
typedef Ewoms::Co2Injection::CO2Tables CO2Tables;
static const bool useComplexRelations = false;
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public:
typedef Opm::FluidSystems::BrineCO2<Scalar, CO2Tables> type;
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// typedef Opm::FluidSystems::H2ON2<Scalar, useComplexRelations> type;
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};
// Set the material Law
SET_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, MaterialLaw)
{
private:
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Scalar) Scalar;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, FluidSystem) FluidSystem;
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typedef Opm::TwoPhaseMaterialTraits<Scalar,
/*wettingPhaseIdx=*/FluidSystem::lPhaseIdx,
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/*nonWettingPhaseIdx=*/FluidSystem::gPhaseIdx>
Traits;
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// define the material law which is parameterized by effective
// saturations
typedef Opm::RegularizedBrooksCorey<Traits> EffMaterialLaw;
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public:
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// define the material law parameterized by absolute saturations
typedef Opm::EffToAbsLaw<EffMaterialLaw> type;
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};
// Set the heat conduction law
SET_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, HeatConductionLaw)
{
private:
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Scalar) Scalar;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, FluidSystem) FluidSystem;
public:
// define the material law parameterized by absolute saturations
typedef Opm::Somerton<FluidSystem, Scalar> type;
};
// Write the Newton convergence behavior to disk?
SET_BOOL_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, NewtonWriteConvergence, false);
// Enable gravity
SET_BOOL_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, EnableGravity, true);
// Reuse Jacobian matrices if possible?
SET_BOOL_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, EnableJacobianRecycling, true);
// Smoothen the upwinding method?
SET_BOOL_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, EnableSmoothUpwinding, false);
// set the defaults for the problem specific properties
SET_SCALAR_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, FluidSystemPressureLow, 3e7);
SET_SCALAR_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, FluidSystemPressureHigh, 4e7);
SET_INT_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, FluidSystemNumPressure, 100);
SET_SCALAR_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, FluidSystemTemperatureLow, 290);
SET_SCALAR_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, FluidSystemTemperatureHigh, 500);
SET_INT_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, FluidSystemNumTemperature, 100);
SET_SCALAR_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, MaxDepth, 2500);
SET_SCALAR_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, Temperature, 293.15);
SET_STRING_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, SimulationName, "co2injection");
// The default for the end time of the simulation
SET_SCALAR_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, EndTime, 1e4);
// The default for the initial time step size of the simulation
SET_SCALAR_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, InitialTimeStepSize, 250);
// The default DGF file to load
SET_STRING_PROP(Co2InjectionBaseProblem, GridFile, "grids/co2injection.dgf");
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} // namespace Properties
} // namespace Opm
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namespace Ewoms {
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/*!
* \ingroup VcfvTestProblems
*
* \brief Problem where \f$CO_2\f$ is injected under a low permeable
* layer at a depth of 2700m.
*
* The domain is sized 60m times 40m and consists of two layers, one
* which is moderately permeable (\f$K = 10^{-12}\;m^2\f$) for \f$ y >
* 22\; m\f$ and one with a lower intrinsic permeablility (\f$
* K=10^{-13}\;m^2\f$) in the rest of the domain.
*
* \f$CO_2\f$ gets injected by means of a forced-flow boundary
* condition into water-filled aquifer, which is situated 2700m below
* sea level, at the lower-right boundary (\f$5m<y<15m\f$) and
* migrates upwards due to buoyancy. It accumulates and eventually
* enters the lower permeable aquitard.
*
* The boundary conditions applied by this problem are no-flow
* conditions on the top bottom and right boundaries and a free-flow
* boundary condition on the left. For the free-flow condition,
* hydrostatic pressure is assumed.
*/
template <class TypeTag>
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class Co2InjectionProblem : public GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, BaseProblem)
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{
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, BaseProblem) ParentType;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, GridView) GridView;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Scalar) Scalar;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, FluidSystem) FluidSystem;
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enum { dim = GridView::dimension };
enum { dimWorld = GridView::dimensionworld };
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// copy some indices for convenience
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Indices) Indices;
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enum { numPhases = FluidSystem::numPhases };
enum { gPhaseIdx = FluidSystem::gPhaseIdx };
enum { lPhaseIdx = FluidSystem::lPhaseIdx };
enum { CO2Idx = FluidSystem::CO2Idx };
enum { BrineIdx = FluidSystem::BrineIdx };
enum { conti0EqIdx = Indices::conti0EqIdx };
enum { contiCO2EqIdx = conti0EqIdx + CO2Idx };
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typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, PrimaryVariables) PrimaryVariables;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, RateVector) RateVector;
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typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag,
BoundaryRateVector) BoundaryRateVector;
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typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, MaterialLaw) MaterialLaw;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, TimeManager) TimeManager;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, MaterialLawParams) MaterialLawParams;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, HeatConductionLaw) HeatConductionLaw;
typedef typename HeatConductionLaw::Params HeatConductionLawParams;
typedef typename GridView::ctype CoordScalar;
typedef Dune::FieldVector<CoordScalar, dimWorld> GlobalPosition;
typedef Dune::FieldMatrix<Scalar, dimWorld, dimWorld> DimMatrix;
public:
/*!
* \copydoc Doxygen::defaultProblemConstructor
*/
Co2InjectionProblem(TimeManager &timeManager)
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#if DUNE_VERSION_NEWER(DUNE_COMMON, 2, 3)
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: ParentType(timeManager,
GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, GridCreator)::grid().leafGridView())
#else
: ParentType(timeManager,
GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, GridCreator)::grid().leafView())
#endif
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{
eps_ = 1e-6;
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temperatureLow_
= EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, FluidSystemTemperatureLow);
temperatureHigh_
= EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, FluidSystemTemperatureHigh);
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nTemperature_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, int, FluidSystemNumTemperature);
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nPressure_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, int, FluidSystemNumPressure);
pressureLow_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, FluidSystemPressureLow);
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pressureHigh_
= EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, FluidSystemPressureHigh);
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maxDepth_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, MaxDepth);
temperature_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, Temperature);
name_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, std::string, SimulationName);
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// initialize the tables of the fluid system
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// FluidSystem::init();
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FluidSystem::init(/*Tmin=*/temperatureLow_,
/*Tmax=*/temperatureHigh_,
/*nT=*/nTemperature_,
/*pmin=*/pressureLow_,
/*pmax=*/pressureHigh_,
/*np=*/nPressure_);
fineLayerBottom_ = 22.0;
// intrinsic permeabilities
fineK_ = this->toDimMatrix_(1e-13);
coarseK_ = this->toDimMatrix_(1e-12);
// porosities
finePorosity_ = 0.3;
coarsePorosity_ = 0.3;
// residual saturations
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fineMaterialParams_.setResidualSaturation(lPhaseIdx, 0.2);
fineMaterialParams_.setResidualSaturation(gPhaseIdx, 0.0);
coarseMaterialParams_.setResidualSaturation(lPhaseIdx, 0.2);
coarseMaterialParams_.setResidualSaturation(gPhaseIdx, 0.0);
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// parameters for the Brooks-Corey law
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fineMaterialParams_.setEntryPressure(1e4);
coarseMaterialParams_.setEntryPressure(5e3);
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fineMaterialParams_.setLambda(2.0);
coarseMaterialParams_.setLambda(2.0);
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fineMaterialParams_.finalize();
coarseMaterialParams_.finalize();
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// parameters for the somerton law of heat conduction
computeHeatCondParams_(fineHeatCondParams_, finePorosity_);
computeHeatCondParams_(coarseHeatCondParams_, coarsePorosity_);
}
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvMultiPhaseProblem::registerParameters
*/
static void registerParameters()
{
ParentType::registerParameters();
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EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, FluidSystemTemperatureLow,
"The lower temperature [K] for tabulation of the "
"fluid system");
EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, FluidSystemTemperatureHigh,
"The upper temperature [K] for tabulation of the "
"fluid system");
EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, int, FluidSystemNumTemperature,
"The number of intervals between the lower and "
"upper temperature");
EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, FluidSystemPressureLow,
"The lower pressure [Pa] for tabulation of the "
"fluid system");
EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, FluidSystemPressureHigh,
"The upper pressure [Pa] for tabulation of the "
"fluid system");
EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, int, FluidSystemNumPressure,
"The number of intervals between the lower and "
"upper pressure");
EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, Temperature,
"The temperature [K] in the reservoir");
EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, MaxDepth,
"The maximum depth [m] of the reservoir");
EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, std::string, SimulationName,
"The name of the simulation used for the output "
"files");
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}
/*!
* \name Problem parameters
*/
//! \{
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvProblem::name
*/
std::string name() const
{
std::ostringstream oss;
oss << name_ << "_" << this->model().name();
if (GET_PROP_VALUE(TypeTag, EnableEnergy))
oss << "_ni";
return oss.str();
}
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvProblem::postTimeStep
*/
void postTimeStep()
{
// Calculate storage terms
PrimaryVariables storageL, storageG;
this->model().globalPhaseStorage(storageL, /*phaseIdx=*/0);
this->model().globalPhaseStorage(storageG, /*phaseIdx=*/1);
// Write mass balance information for rank 0
if (this->gridView().comm().rank() == 0) {
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std::cout << "Storage: liquid=[" << storageL << "]"
<< " gas=[" << storageG << "]\n";
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}
}
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvMultiPhaseProblem::temperature
*/
template <class Context>
Scalar temperature(const Context &context, int spaceIdx, int timeIdx) const
{
const auto &pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
if (inHighTemperatureRegion_(pos))
return temperature_ + 100;
return temperature_;
}
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvMultiPhaseProblem::intrinsicPermeability
*/
template <class Context>
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const DimMatrix &intrinsicPermeability(const Context &context, int spaceIdx,
int timeIdx) const
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{
const GlobalPosition &pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
if (isFineMaterial_(pos))
return fineK_;
return coarseK_;
}
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvMultiPhaseProblem::porosity
*/
template <class Context>
Scalar porosity(const Context &context, int spaceIdx, int timeIdx) const
{
const GlobalPosition &pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
if (isFineMaterial_(pos))
return finePorosity_;
return coarsePorosity_;
}
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvMultiPhaseProblem::materialLawParams
*/
template <class Context>
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const MaterialLawParams &materialLawParams(const Context &context,
int spaceIdx, int timeIdx) const
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{
const GlobalPosition &pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
if (isFineMaterial_(pos))
return fineMaterialParams_;
return coarseMaterialParams_;
}
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvMultiPhaseProblem::heatCapacitySolid
*
* In this case, we assume the rock-matrix to be granite.
*/
template <class Context>
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Scalar heatCapacitySolid(const Context &context, int spaceIdx,
int timeIdx) const
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{
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return 790 // specific heat capacity of granite [J / (kg K)]
* 2700; // density of granite [kg/m^3]
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}
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvMultiPhaseProblem::heatConductionParams
*/
template <class Context>
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const HeatConductionLawParams &
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heatConductionParams(const Context &context, int spaceIdx, int timeIdx) const
{
const GlobalPosition &pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
if (isFineMaterial_(pos))
return fineHeatCondParams_;
return coarseHeatCondParams_;
}
//! \}
/*!
* \name Boundary conditions
*/
//! \{
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvProblem::boundary
*/
template <class Context>
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void boundary(BoundaryRateVector &values, const Context &context,
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int spaceIdx, int timeIdx) const
{
const auto &pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
if (onLeftBoundary_(pos)) {
Opm::CompositionalFluidState<Scalar, FluidSystem> fs;
initialFluidState_(fs, context, spaceIdx, timeIdx);
fs.checkDefined();
// impose an freeflow boundary condition
values.setFreeFlow(context, spaceIdx, timeIdx, fs);
}
else if (onInlet_(pos)) {
RateVector massRate(0.0);
massRate[contiCO2EqIdx] = -1e-3; // [kg/(m^3 s)]
Opm::ImmiscibleFluidState<Scalar, FluidSystem> fs;
fs.setSaturation(gPhaseIdx, 1.0);
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fs.setPressure(gPhaseIdx,
context.volVars(spaceIdx, timeIdx).fluidState().pressure(
gPhaseIdx));
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fs.setTemperature(temperature(context, spaceIdx, timeIdx));
typename FluidSystem::ParameterCache paramCache;
paramCache.updatePhase(fs, gPhaseIdx);
Scalar h = FluidSystem::enthalpy(fs, paramCache, gPhaseIdx);
// impose an forced inflow boundary condition
values.setMassRate(massRate);
values.setEnthalpyRate(massRate[contiCO2EqIdx] * h);
}
else
// no flow on top and bottom
values.setNoFlow();
}
// \}
/*!
* \name Volume terms
*/
//! \{
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvProblem::initial
*/
template <class Context>
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void initial(PrimaryVariables &values, const Context &context, int spaceIdx,
int timeIdx) const
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{
Opm::CompositionalFluidState<Scalar, FluidSystem> fs;
initialFluidState_(fs, context, spaceIdx, timeIdx);
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// const auto &matParams = this->materialLawParams(context, spaceIdx,
// timeIdx);
// values.assignMassConservative(fs, matParams, /*inEquilibrium=*/true);
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values.assignNaive(fs);
}
/*!
* \copydoc VcfvProblem::source
*
* For this problem, the source term of all components is 0
* everywhere.
*/
template <class Context>
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void source(RateVector &rate, const Context &context, int spaceIdx,
int timeIdx) const
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{ rate = Scalar(0.0); }
//! \}
private:
template <class Context, class FluidState>
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void initialFluidState_(FluidState &fs, const Context &context,
int spaceIdx, int timeIdx) const
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{
const GlobalPosition &pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
//////
// set temperature
//////
fs.setTemperature(temperature(context, spaceIdx, timeIdx));
//////
// set saturations
//////
fs.setSaturation(FluidSystem::lPhaseIdx, 1.0);
fs.setSaturation(FluidSystem::gPhaseIdx, 0.0);
//////
// set pressures
//////
Scalar densityL = FluidSystem::Brine::liquidDensity(temperature_, 1e5);
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Scalar depth = maxDepth_ - pos[dim - 1];
Scalar pl = 1e5 - densityL * this->gravity()[dim - 1] * depth;
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Scalar pC[numPhases];
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const auto &matParams
= this->materialLawParams(context, spaceIdx, timeIdx);
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MaterialLaw::capillaryPressures(pC, matParams, fs);
fs.setPressure(lPhaseIdx, pl + (pC[lPhaseIdx] - pC[lPhaseIdx]));
fs.setPressure(gPhaseIdx, pl + (pC[gPhaseIdx] - pC[lPhaseIdx]));
//////
// set composition of the liquid phase
//////
fs.setMoleFraction(lPhaseIdx, CO2Idx, 0.005);
fs.setMoleFraction(lPhaseIdx, BrineIdx,
1.0 - fs.moleFraction(lPhaseIdx, CO2Idx));
typename FluidSystem::ParameterCache paramCache;
typedef Opm::ComputeFromReferencePhase<Scalar, FluidSystem> CFRP;
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CFRP::solve(fs, paramCache,
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/*refPhaseIdx=*/lPhaseIdx,
/*setViscosity=*/true,
/*setEnthalpy=*/true);
}
bool onLeftBoundary_(const GlobalPosition &pos) const
{ return pos[0] < eps_; }
bool onRightBoundary_(const GlobalPosition &pos) const
{ return pos[0] > this->bboxMax()[0] - eps_; }
bool onInlet_(const GlobalPosition &pos) const
{ return onRightBoundary_(pos) && (5 < pos[1]) && (pos[1] < 15); }
bool inHighTemperatureRegion_(const GlobalPosition &pos) const
{ return (pos[0] > 20) && (pos[0] < 30) && (pos[1] > 5) && (pos[1] < 35); }
void computeHeatCondParams_(HeatConductionLawParams &params, Scalar poro)
{
Scalar lambdaWater = 0.6;
Scalar lambdaGranite = 2.8;
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Scalar lambdaWet = std::pow(lambdaGranite, (1 - poro))
* std::pow(lambdaWater, poro);
Scalar lambdaDry = std::pow(lambdaGranite, (1 - poro));
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params.setFullySaturatedLambda(gPhaseIdx, lambdaDry);
params.setFullySaturatedLambda(lPhaseIdx, lambdaWet);
params.setVacuumLambda(lambdaDry);
}
bool isFineMaterial_(const GlobalPosition &pos) const
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{ return pos[dim - 1] > fineLayerBottom_; }
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DimMatrix fineK_;
DimMatrix coarseK_;
Scalar fineLayerBottom_;
Scalar finePorosity_;
Scalar coarsePorosity_;
MaterialLawParams fineMaterialParams_;
MaterialLawParams coarseMaterialParams_;
HeatConductionLawParams fineHeatCondParams_;
HeatConductionLawParams coarseHeatCondParams_;
Scalar temperature_;
Scalar maxDepth_;
Scalar eps_;
int nTemperature_;
int nPressure_;
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std::string name_;
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Scalar pressureLow_, pressureHigh_;
Scalar temperatureLow_, temperatureHigh_;
};
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} // namespace Ewoms
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#endif
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