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handbook: cleanups, update the tutorial for the fully implicit models
- there are no LaTeX files with capital letters anymore - there are no more "dangling" references
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\chapter[Tutorial]{Tutorial}\label{chp:tutorial}
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In \Dumux two sorts of models are implemented: Fully-coupled models and decoupled models. In the fully-coupled models a flow system is described by a system of strongly coupled equations, which can be for example mass balance equations for phases, mass balance equations for components or energy balance equations. In contrast, a decoupled model consists of a pressure equation, which is iteratively coupled to a saturation equation, concentration equations, energy balance equations, etc.
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\eWoms provides two sorts of models: Models which use a fully-implicit
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discretization in space and time and models that are
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semi-implicit.
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Examples for different kinds of both, coupled and decoupled models, are isothermal two-phase models, isothermal two-phase two-component models, non-isothermal two-phase models and non-isothermal two-phase two-component models.
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The semi-implicit solve the combined mass balance equation for all
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phases implicitly -- which yields a pressure -- and then transport the
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conserved quantities in an explicit step based on the result of the
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(implicit) pressure step. For this reason these models are also called
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to be based on the IMPES approach (\textbf{i}mplicit \textbf{p}ressure
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\textbf{e}xplicit \textbf{s}aturation) or, more generally, on the
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IMPET approach (IMPES (\textbf{i}mplicit \textbf{p}ressure
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\textbf{e}xplicit \textbf{t}ransport).
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The fully-implicit models, describe the conservation quantities of a
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flow system as a system of strongly coupled partial differential
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equations. Physically, these conservation quantities are mass,
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momentum and energy; Although the momentum is usually not explicitly
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conserved in the context of flow models for porous media.
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In section \ref{box} a short introduction to the vertex centered
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finite volume scheme (VCFV or box method) used by \eWoms as the
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spatial discretization of the fully-implicit models is given. The
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decoupled models usually employ a cell-centered finite volume scheme
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which is quite similar to the VCFV discretization, except that this
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scheme does not require to construct a dual grid centered around the
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primary grid's vertices.
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The following two sections of the tutorial first introduce how to
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solve flow problems using a fully-coupled model (section
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\ref{tutorial-coupled}) and then how to solve the same problem using a
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semi-implicit model (section \ref{tutorial-decoupled}). Being the
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easiest case, an isothermal two-phase system (two fluid phases, one
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solid phase) will be considered. The source code of these tutorials is
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shipped with the \eWoms source package and can be found in the
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\texttt{tutorial} directory.
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In section \ref{box} a short introduction to the box method is given. The box method is used in the fully-coupled models for the spatial discretization of the system of equations. The decoupled models employ usually a cell-centered finite volume scheme. The following two sections of the tutorial demonstrate how to solve problems using, first, a fully-coupled model (section \ref{tutorial-coupled}) and, second, using a decoupled model (section \ref{tutorial-decoupled}). Being the easiest case, an isothermal two-phase system (two fluid phases, one solid phase) will be considered.
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\input{tutorial-coupled}
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\input{tutorial-decoupled}
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%\input{tutorial-newmodel}
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