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509 lines
25 KiB
C++
509 lines
25 KiB
C++
/*
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Copyright 2017 SINTEF Digital, Mathematics and Cybernetics.
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Copyright 2017 Statoil ASA.
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Copyright 2016 - 2017 IRIS AS.
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This file is part of the Open Porous Media project (OPM).
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OPM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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OPM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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GNU General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with OPM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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*/
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#ifndef OPM_STANDARDWELL_HEADER_INCLUDED
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#define OPM_STANDARDWELL_HEADER_INCLUDED
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#include <opm/simulators/timestepping/ConvergenceReport.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/RateConverter.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/StandardWellGeneric.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/VFPInjProperties.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/VFPProdProperties.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/WellInterface.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/WellProdIndexCalculator.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/ParallelWellInfo.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/GasLiftSingleWell.hpp>
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#include <opm/models/blackoil/blackoilpolymermodules.hh>
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#include <opm/models/blackoil/blackoilsolventmodules.hh>
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#include <opm/models/blackoil/blackoilextbomodules.hh>
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#include <opm/models/blackoil/blackoilfoammodules.hh>
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#include <opm/models/blackoil/blackoilbrinemodules.hh>
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#include <opm/material/densead/DynamicEvaluation.hpp>
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#include <opm/parser/eclipse/EclipseState/Runspec.hpp>
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#include <opm/parser/eclipse/EclipseState/Schedule/ScheduleTypes.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/StandardWellEval.hpp>
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#include <dune/common/dynvector.hh>
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#include <dune/common/dynmatrix.hh>
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#include <memory>
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#include <optional>
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#include <fmt/format.h>
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namespace Opm
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{
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template<typename TypeTag>
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class StandardWell : public WellInterface<TypeTag>
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, public StandardWellEval<GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluidSystem>,
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GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Indices>,
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GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>>
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{
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public:
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typedef WellInterface<TypeTag> Base;
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using StdWellEval = StandardWellEval<GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluidSystem>,
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GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Indices>,
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GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>>;
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// TODO: some functions working with AD variables handles only with values (double) without
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// dealing with derivatives. It can be beneficial to make functions can work with either AD or scalar value.
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// And also, it can also be beneficial to make these functions hanle different types of AD variables.
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using typename Base::Simulator;
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using typename Base::IntensiveQuantities;
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using typename Base::FluidSystem;
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using typename Base::MaterialLaw;
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using typename Base::ModelParameters;
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using typename Base::Indices;
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using typename Base::RateConverterType;
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using typename Base::SparseMatrixAdapter;
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using typename Base::FluidState;
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using typename Base::RateVector;
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using typename Base::GasLiftSingleWell;
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using typename Base::GLiftOptWells;
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using typename Base::GLiftProdWells;
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using typename Base::GLiftWellStateMap;
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using Base::numEq;
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using Base::numPhases;
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using Base::has_solvent;
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using Base::has_zFraction;
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using Base::has_polymer;
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using Base::has_polymermw;
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using Base::has_foam;
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using Base::has_brine;
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using Base::has_energy;
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using PolymerModule = BlackOilPolymerModule<TypeTag>;
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using FoamModule = BlackOilFoamModule<TypeTag>;
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using BrineModule = BlackOilBrineModule<TypeTag>;
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static const int numSolventEq = Indices::numSolvents;
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// number of the conservation equations
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static const int numWellConservationEq = numPhases + numSolventEq;
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// number of the well control equations
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static const int numWellControlEq = 1;
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// number of the well equations that will always be used
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// based on the solution strategy, there might be other well equations be introduced
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static const int numStaticWellEq = numWellConservationEq + numWellControlEq;
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// the positions of the primary variables for StandardWell
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// the first one is the weighted total rate (WQ_t), the second and the third ones are F_w and F_g,
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// which represent the fraction of Water and Gas based on the weighted total rate, the last one is BHP.
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// correspondingly, we have four well equations for blackoil model, the first three are mass
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// converstation equations, and the last one is the well control equation.
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// primary variables related to other components, will be before the Bhp and after F_g.
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// well control equation is always the last well equation.
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// TODO: in the current implementation, we use the well rate as the first primary variables for injectors,
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// instead of G_t.
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static const bool gasoil = numPhases == 2 && (Indices::compositionSwitchIdx >= 0);
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static const int WQTotal = 0;
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static const int WFrac = gasoil? -1000: 1;
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static const int GFrac = gasoil? 1: 2;
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static const int SFrac = !has_solvent ? -1000 : 3;
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// the index for Bhp in primary variables and also the index of well control equation
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// they both will be the last one in their respective system.
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// TODO: we should have indices for the well equations and well primary variables separately
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static const int Bhp = numStaticWellEq - numWellControlEq;
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using typename Base::Scalar;
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using Base::name;
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using Base::Water;
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using Base::Oil;
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using Base::Gas;
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using typename Base::BVector;
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using Eval = typename StdWellEval::Eval;
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using EvalWell = typename StdWellEval::EvalWell;
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using BVectorWell = typename StdWellEval::BVectorWell;
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using Base::contiSolventEqIdx;
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using Base::contiZfracEqIdx;
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using Base::contiPolymerEqIdx;
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using Base::contiFoamEqIdx;
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using Base::contiBrineEqIdx;
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static const int contiEnergyEqIdx = Indices::contiEnergyEqIdx;
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StandardWell(const Well& well,
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const ParallelWellInfo& pw_info,
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const int time_step,
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const ModelParameters& param,
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const RateConverterType& rate_converter,
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const int pvtRegionIdx,
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const int num_components,
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const int num_phases,
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const int index_of_well,
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const std::vector<PerforationData>& perf_data);
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virtual void init(const PhaseUsage* phase_usage_arg,
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const std::vector<double>& depth_arg,
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const double gravity_arg,
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const int num_cells,
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const std::vector< Scalar >& B_avg) override;
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virtual void initPrimaryVariablesEvaluation() const override;
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/// check whether the well equations get converged for this well
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virtual ConvergenceReport getWellConvergence(const WellState& well_state,
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const std::vector<double>& B_avg,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger,
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const bool relax_tolerance = false) const override;
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/// Ax = Ax - C D^-1 B x
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virtual void apply(const BVector& x, BVector& Ax) const override;
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/// r = r - C D^-1 Rw
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virtual void apply(BVector& r) const override;
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/// using the solution x to recover the solution xw for wells and applying
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/// xw to update Well State
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virtual void recoverWellSolutionAndUpdateWellState(const BVector& x,
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WellState& well_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const override;
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/// computing the well potentials for group control
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virtual void computeWellPotentials(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const WellState& well_state,
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std::vector<double>& well_potentials,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) /* const */ override;
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virtual void updatePrimaryVariables(const WellState& well_state, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const override;
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virtual void solveEqAndUpdateWellState(WellState& well_state, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) override;
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virtual void calculateExplicitQuantities(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const WellState& well_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) override; // should be const?
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virtual void updateProductivityIndex(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const WellProdIndexCalculator& wellPICalc,
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WellState& well_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const override;
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virtual void addWellContributions(SparseMatrixAdapter& mat) const override;
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// iterate well equations with the specified control until converged
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bool iterateWellEqWithControl(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const double dt,
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const Well::InjectionControls& inj_controls,
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const Well::ProductionControls& prod_controls,
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WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) override;
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/// \brief Wether the Jacobian will also have well contributions in it.
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virtual bool jacobianContainsWellContributions() const override
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{
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return param_.matrix_add_well_contributions_;
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}
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virtual void gasLiftOptimizationStage1 (
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WellState& well_state,
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const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger,
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GLiftProdWells &prod_wells,
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GLiftOptWells &glift_wells,
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GLiftWellStateMap &state_map
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) const override;
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/* returns BHP */
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double computeWellRatesAndBhpWithThpAlqProd(const Simulator &ebos_simulator,
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const SummaryState &summary_state,
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DeferredLogger &deferred_logger,
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std::vector<double> &potentials,
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double alq) const;
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void computeWellRatesWithThpAlqProd(
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const Simulator &ebos_simulator,
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const SummaryState &summary_state,
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DeferredLogger &deferred_logger,
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std::vector<double> &potentials,
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double alq) const;
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// NOTE: Cannot be protected since it is used by GasLiftRuntime
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std::optional<double> computeBhpAtThpLimitProdWithAlq(
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const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
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const SummaryState& summary_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger,
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double alq_value) const;
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// NOTE: Cannot be protected since it is used by GasLiftRuntime
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void computeWellRatesWithBhp(
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const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const double& bhp,
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std::vector<double>& well_flux,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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// NOTE: These cannot be protected since they are used by GasLiftRuntime
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using Base::phaseUsage;
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using Base::vfp_properties_;
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virtual std::vector<double> computeCurrentWellRates(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const override;
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void computeConnLevelProdInd(const FluidState& fs,
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const std::function<double(const double)>& connPICalc,
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const std::vector<EvalWell>& mobility,
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double* connPI) const;
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void computeConnLevelInjInd(const typename StandardWell<TypeTag>::FluidState& fs,
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const Phase preferred_phase,
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const std::function<double(const double)>& connIICalc,
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const std::vector<EvalWell>& mobility,
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double* connII,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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protected:
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// protected functions from the Base class
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using Base::getAllowCrossFlow;
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using Base::flowPhaseToEbosCompIdx;
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using Base::flowPhaseToEbosPhaseIdx;
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using Base::ebosCompIdxToFlowCompIdx;
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using Base::wsalt;
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using Base::wsolvent;
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using Base::wpolymer;
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using Base::wfoam;
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using Base::scalingFactor;
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using Base::mostStrictBhpFromBhpLimits;
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using Base::updateWellOperability;
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using Base::checkWellOperability;
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using Base::wellIsStopped;
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using Base::calculateBhpFromThp;
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using Base::getALQ;
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// protected member variables from the Base class
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using Base::current_step_;
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using Base::well_ecl_;
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using Base::gravity_;
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using Base::param_;
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using Base::well_efficiency_factor_;
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using Base::ref_depth_;
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using Base::perf_depth_;
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using Base::well_cells_;
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using Base::number_of_perforations_;
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using Base::number_of_phases_;
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using Base::saturation_table_number_;
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using Base::well_index_;
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using Base::index_of_well_;
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using Base::num_components_;
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using Base::connectionRates_;
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using Base::perf_rep_radius_;
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using Base::perf_length_;
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using Base::bore_diameters_;
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using Base::ipr_a_;
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using Base::ipr_b_;
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using Base::changed_to_stopped_this_step_;
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Eval getPerfCellPressure(const FluidState& fs) const;
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// xw = inv(D)*(rw - C*x)
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void recoverSolutionWell(const BVector& x, BVectorWell& xw) const;
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// updating the well_state based on well solution dwells
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void updateWellState(const BVectorWell& dwells,
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WellState& well_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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// calculate the properties for the well connections
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// to calulate the pressure difference between well connections.
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void computePropertiesForWellConnectionPressures(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const WellState& well_state,
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std::vector<double>& b_perf,
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std::vector<double>& rsmax_perf,
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std::vector<double>& rvmax_perf,
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std::vector<double>& surf_dens_perf) const;
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void computeWellConnectionDensitesPressures(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const WellState& well_state,
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const std::vector<double>& b_perf,
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const std::vector<double>& rsmax_perf,
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const std::vector<double>& rvmax_perf,
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const std::vector<double>& surf_dens_perf);
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void computeWellConnectionPressures(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const WellState& well_state);
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void computePerfRate(const IntensiveQuantities& intQuants,
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const std::vector<EvalWell>& mob,
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const EvalWell& bhp,
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const double Tw,
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const int perf,
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const bool allow_cf,
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std::vector<EvalWell>& cq_s,
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double& perf_dis_gas_rate,
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double& perf_vap_oil_rate,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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void computeWellRatesWithBhpPotential(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const double& bhp,
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std::vector<double>& well_flux,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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std::vector<double> computeWellPotentialWithTHP(
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const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger,
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const WellState &well_state) const;
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virtual double getRefDensity() const override;
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// get the mobility for specific perforation
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void getMobility(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const int perf,
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std::vector<EvalWell>& mob,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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void updateWaterMobilityWithPolymer(const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
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const int perf,
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std::vector<EvalWell>& mob_water,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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void updatePrimaryVariablesNewton(const BVectorWell& dwells,
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const WellState& well_state) const;
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// update extra primary vriables if there are any
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void updateExtraPrimaryVariables(const BVectorWell& dwells) const;
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void updateWellStateFromPrimaryVariables(WellState& well_state, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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virtual void assembleWellEqWithoutIteration(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const double dt,
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const Well::InjectionControls& inj_controls,
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const Well::ProductionControls& prod_controls,
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WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) override;
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void assembleWellEqWithoutIterationImpl(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const double dt,
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WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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void calculateSinglePerf(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const int perf,
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WellState& well_state,
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std::vector<RateVector>& connectionRates,
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std::vector<EvalWell>& cq_s,
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EvalWell& water_flux_s,
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EvalWell& cq_s_zfrac_effective,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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// check whether the well is operable under BHP limit with current reservoir condition
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virtual void checkOperabilityUnderBHPLimitProducer(const WellState& well_state, const Simulator& ebos_simulator, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) override;
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// check whether the well is operable under THP limit with current reservoir condition
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virtual void checkOperabilityUnderTHPLimitProducer(const Simulator& ebos_simulator, const WellState& well_state, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) override;
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// updating the inflow based on the current reservoir condition
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virtual void updateIPR(const Simulator& ebos_simulator, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const override;
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// for a well, when all drawdown are in the wrong direction, then this well will not
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// be able to produce/inject .
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bool allDrawDownWrongDirection(const Simulator& ebos_simulator) const;
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// whether the well can produce / inject based on the current well state (bhp)
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bool canProduceInjectWithCurrentBhp(const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
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const WellState& well_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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// turn on crossflow to avoid singular well equations
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// when the well is banned from cross-flow and the BHP is not properly initialized,
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// we turn on crossflow to avoid singular well equations. It can result in wrong-signed
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// well rates, it can cause problem for THP calculation
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// TODO: looking for better alternative to avoid wrong-signed well rates
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bool openCrossFlowAvoidSingularity(const Simulator& ebos_simulator) const;
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// calculate the skin pressure based on water velocity, throughput and polymer concentration.
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// throughput is used to describe the formation damage during water/polymer injection.
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// calculated skin pressure will be applied to the drawdown during perforation rate calculation
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// to handle the effect from formation damage.
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EvalWell pskin(const double throuhgput,
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const EvalWell& water_velocity,
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const EvalWell& poly_inj_conc,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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// calculate the skin pressure based on water velocity, throughput during water injection.
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EvalWell pskinwater(const double throughput,
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const EvalWell& water_velocity,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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// calculate the injecting polymer molecular weight based on the througput and water velocity
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EvalWell wpolymermw(const double throughput,
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const EvalWell& water_velocity,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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// modify the water rate for polymer injectivity study
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void handleInjectivityRate(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const int perf,
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std::vector<EvalWell>& cq_s) const;
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// handle the extra equations for polymer injectivity study
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void handleInjectivityEquations(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const WellState& well_state,
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const int perf,
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const EvalWell& water_flux_s,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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virtual void updateWaterThroughput(const double dt, WellState& well_state) const override;
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// checking convergence of extra equations, if there are any
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void checkConvergenceExtraEqs(const std::vector<double>& res,
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ConvergenceReport& report) const;
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// updating the connectionRates_ related polymer molecular weight
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void updateConnectionRatePolyMW(const EvalWell& cq_s_poly,
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const IntensiveQuantities& int_quants,
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const WellState& well_state,
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const int perf,
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std::vector<RateVector>& connectionRates,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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std::optional<double> computeBhpAtThpLimitProd(const WellState& well_state,
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const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
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const SummaryState& summary_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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std::optional<double> computeBhpAtThpLimitInj(const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
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const SummaryState& summary_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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};
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}
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#include "StandardWell_impl.hpp"
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#endif // OPM_STANDARDWELL_HEADER_INCLUDED
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