opm-simulators/examples/problems/obstacleproblem.hh
Andreas Lauser 4f92ec5865 consistently rename "heat conduction" to "thermal conduction" and use "solid energy" laws
according to wikipedia the term "heat" is the energy transferred due
to a temperature gradient, i.e., it only makes sense if such a
gradient is present and this is not necessary for the storage term.

this means that technically the term "heat conductivity" is
meaningful, but "thermal conductivity" is IMO more consistent.

this has partially already been done in opm-material and eWoms it was
pretty inconsistent, so it also requires a patch in opm-material.
2018-01-04 15:27:02 +01:00

576 lines
18 KiB
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// -*- mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*-
// vi: set et ts=4 sw=4 sts=4:
/*
This file is part of the Open Porous Media project (OPM).
OPM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OPM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OPM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Consult the COPYING file in the top-level source directory of this
module for the precise wording of the license and the list of
copyright holders.
*/
/*!
* \file
*
* \copydoc Ewoms::ObstacleProblem
*/
#ifndef EWOMS_OBSTACLE_PROBLEM_HH
#define EWOMS_OBSTACLE_PROBLEM_HH
#include <ewoms/models/ncp/ncpproperties.hh>
#include <opm/material/fluidsystems/H2ON2FluidSystem.hpp>
#include <opm/material/constraintsolvers/ComputeFromReferencePhase.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidstates/CompositionalFluidState.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/RegularizedBrooksCorey.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/EffToAbsLaw.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/LinearMaterial.hpp>
#include <opm/material/fluidmatrixinteractions/MaterialTraits.hpp>
#include <opm/material/thermal/ConstantSolidHeatCapLaw.hpp>
#include <opm/material/thermal/SomertonThermalConductionLaw.hpp>
#include <opm/common/Unused.hpp>
#include <dune/grid/yaspgrid.hh>
#include <dune/grid/io/file/dgfparser/dgfyasp.hh>
#include <dune/common/version.hh>
#include <dune/common/fvector.hh>
#include <dune/common/fmatrix.hh>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
namespace Ewoms {
template <class TypeTag>
class ObstacleProblem;
}
namespace Ewoms {
namespace Properties {
NEW_TYPE_TAG(ObstacleBaseProblem);
// Set the grid type
SET_TYPE_PROP(ObstacleBaseProblem, Grid, Dune::YaspGrid<2>);
// Set the problem property
SET_TYPE_PROP(ObstacleBaseProblem, Problem, Ewoms::ObstacleProblem<TypeTag>);
// Set fluid configuration
SET_TYPE_PROP(ObstacleBaseProblem, FluidSystem,
Opm::FluidSystems::H2ON2<typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Scalar)>);
// Set the material Law
SET_PROP(ObstacleBaseProblem, MaterialLaw)
{
private:
// define the material law
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Scalar) Scalar;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, FluidSystem) FluidSystem;
typedef Opm::TwoPhaseMaterialTraits<Scalar,
/*wettingPhaseIdx=*/FluidSystem::liquidPhaseIdx,
/*nonWettingPhaseIdx=*/FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx>
MaterialTraits;
typedef Opm::LinearMaterial<MaterialTraits> EffMaterialLaw;
public:
typedef Opm::EffToAbsLaw<EffMaterialLaw> type;
};
// Set the thermal conduction law
SET_PROP(ObstacleBaseProblem, ThermalConductionLaw)
{
private:
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Scalar) Scalar;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, FluidSystem) FluidSystem;
public:
// define the material law parameterized by absolute saturations
typedef Opm::SomertonThermalConductionLaw<FluidSystem, Scalar> type;
};
// set the energy storage law for the solid phase
SET_TYPE_PROP(ObstacleBaseProblem, SolidEnergyLaw,
Opm::ConstantSolidHeatCapLaw<typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Scalar)>);
// Enable gravity
SET_BOOL_PROP(ObstacleBaseProblem, EnableGravity, true);
// The default for the end time of the simulation
SET_SCALAR_PROP(ObstacleBaseProblem, EndTime, 1e4);
// The default for the initial time step size of the simulation
SET_SCALAR_PROP(ObstacleBaseProblem, InitialTimeStepSize, 250);
// The default DGF file to load
SET_STRING_PROP(ObstacleBaseProblem, GridFile, "./data/obstacle_24x16.dgf");
} // namespace Properties
} // namespace Ewoms
namespace Ewoms {
/*!
* \ingroup TestProblems
*
* \brief Problem where liquid water is first stopped by a
* low-permeability lens and then seeps though it.
*
* Liquid water is injected by using of a free-flow condition on the
* lower right of the domain. This water level then raises until
* hydrostatic pressure is reached. On the left of the domain, a
* rectangular obstacle with \f$10^3\f$ lower permeability than the
* rest of the domain first stops the for a while until it seeps
* through it.
*
* The domain is sized 60m times 40m and consists of two media, a
* moderately permeable soil (\f$ K_0=10e-12 m^2\f$) and an obstacle
* at \f$[10; 20]m \times [0; 35]m \f$ with a lower permeablility of
* \f$ K_1=K_0/1000\f$.
*
* Initially the whole domain is filled by nitrogen, the temperature
* is \f$20^\circ C\f$ for the whole domain. The gas pressure is
* initially 1 bar, at the inlet of the liquid water on the right side
* it is 2 bar.
*
* The boundary is no-flow except on the lower 10 meters of the left
* and the right boundary where a free flow condition is assumed.
*/
template <class TypeTag>
class ObstacleProblem : public GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, BaseProblem)
{
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, BaseProblem) ParentType;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, GridView) GridView;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Scalar) Scalar;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, EqVector) EqVector;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, RateVector) RateVector;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, PrimaryVariables) PrimaryVariables;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, BoundaryRateVector) BoundaryRateVector;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, FluidSystem) FluidSystem;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, MaterialLaw) MaterialLaw;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, MaterialLawParams) MaterialLawParams;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, ThermalConductionLawParams) ThermalConductionLawParams;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, SolidEnergyLawParams) SolidEnergyLawParams;
enum {
// Grid and world dimension
dim = GridView::dimension,
dimWorld = GridView::dimensionworld,
numPhases = GET_PROP_VALUE(TypeTag, NumPhases),
gasPhaseIdx = FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx,
liquidPhaseIdx = FluidSystem::liquidPhaseIdx,
H2OIdx = FluidSystem::H2OIdx,
N2Idx = FluidSystem::N2Idx
};
typedef Dune::FieldVector<typename GridView::ctype, dimWorld> GlobalPosition;
typedef Dune::FieldVector<Scalar, numPhases> PhaseVector;
typedef Dune::FieldMatrix<Scalar, dimWorld, dimWorld> DimMatrix;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Simulator) Simulator;
typedef typename GET_PROP_TYPE(TypeTag, Model) Model;
public:
/*!
* \copydoc Doxygen::defaultProblemConstructor
*/
ObstacleProblem(Simulator& simulator)
: ParentType(simulator)
{ }
/*!
* \copydoc FvBaseProblem::finishInit
*/
void finishInit()
{
ParentType::finishInit();
eps_ = 1e-6;
temperature_ = 273.15 + 25; // -> 25°C
// initialize the tables of the fluid system
Scalar Tmin = temperature_ - 1.0;
Scalar Tmax = temperature_ + 1.0;
unsigned nT = 3;
Scalar pmin = 1.0e5 * 0.75;
Scalar pmax = 2.0e5 * 1.25;
unsigned np = 1000;
FluidSystem::init(Tmin, Tmax, nT, pmin, pmax, np);
// intrinsic permeabilities
coarseK_ = this->toDimMatrix_(1e-12);
fineK_ = this->toDimMatrix_(1e-15);
// the porosity
finePorosity_ = 0.3;
coarsePorosity_ = 0.3;
// residual saturations
fineMaterialParams_.setResidualSaturation(liquidPhaseIdx, 0.0);
fineMaterialParams_.setResidualSaturation(gasPhaseIdx, 0.0);
coarseMaterialParams_.setResidualSaturation(liquidPhaseIdx, 0.0);
coarseMaterialParams_.setResidualSaturation(gasPhaseIdx, 0.0);
// parameters for the linear law, i.e. minimum and maximum
// pressures
fineMaterialParams_.setPcMinSat(liquidPhaseIdx, 0.0);
fineMaterialParams_.setPcMaxSat(liquidPhaseIdx, 0.0);
coarseMaterialParams_.setPcMinSat(liquidPhaseIdx, 0.0);
coarseMaterialParams_.setPcMaxSat(liquidPhaseIdx, 0.0);
/*
// entry pressures for Brooks-Corey
fineMaterialParams_.setEntryPressure(5e3);
coarseMaterialParams_.setEntryPressure(1e3);
// Brooks-Corey shape parameters
fineMaterialParams_.setLambda(2);
coarseMaterialParams_.setLambda(2);
*/
fineMaterialParams_.finalize();
coarseMaterialParams_.finalize();
// parameters for the somerton law of thermal conduction
computeThermalCondParams_(fineThermalCondParams_, finePorosity_);
computeThermalCondParams_(coarseThermalCondParams_, coarsePorosity_);
// assume constant volumetric heat capacity and granite
solidEnergyLawParams_.setSolidHeatCapacity(790.0 // specific heat capacity of granite [J / (kg K)]
* 2700.0); // density of granite [kg/m^3]
solidEnergyLawParams_.finalize();
initFluidStates_();
}
/*!
* \copydoc FvBaseProblem::endTimeStep
*/
void endTimeStep()
{
#ifndef NDEBUG
this->model().checkConservativeness();
// Calculate storage terms of the individual phases
for (unsigned phaseIdx = 0; phaseIdx < numPhases; ++phaseIdx) {
PrimaryVariables phaseStorage;
this->model().globalPhaseStorage(phaseStorage, phaseIdx);
if (this->gridView().comm().rank() == 0) {
std::cout << "Storage in " << FluidSystem::phaseName(phaseIdx)
<< "Phase: [" << phaseStorage << "]"
<< "\n" << std::flush;
}
}
// Calculate total storage terms
EqVector storage;
this->model().globalStorage(storage);
// Write mass balance information for rank 0
if (this->gridView().comm().rank() == 0) {
std::cout << "Storage total: [" << storage << "]"
<< "\n" << std::flush;
}
#endif // NDEBUG
}
/*!
* \name Problem parameters
*/
//! \{
/*!
* \copydoc FvBaseProblem::name
*/
std::string name() const
{
std::ostringstream oss;
oss << "obstacle"
<< "_" << Model::name();
return oss.str();
}
/*!
* \copydoc FvBaseMultiPhaseProblem::temperature
*
* This problem simply assumes a constant temperature.
*/
template <class Context>
Scalar temperature(const Context& context OPM_UNUSED,
unsigned spaceIdx OPM_UNUSED,
unsigned timeIdx OPM_UNUSED) const
{ return temperature_; }
/*!
* \copydoc FvBaseMultiPhaseProblem::intrinsicPermeability
*/
template <class Context>
const DimMatrix&
intrinsicPermeability(const Context& context,
unsigned spaceIdx,
unsigned timeIdx) const
{
if (isFineMaterial_(context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx)))
return fineK_;
return coarseK_;
}
/*!
* \copydoc FvBaseMultiPhaseProblem::porosity
*/
template <class Context>
Scalar porosity(const Context& context,
unsigned spaceIdx,
unsigned timeIdx) const
{
const GlobalPosition& pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
if (isFineMaterial_(pos))
return finePorosity_;
else
return coarsePorosity_;
}
/*!
* \copydoc FvBaseMultiPhaseProblem::materialLawParams
*/
template <class Context>
const MaterialLawParams&
materialLawParams(const Context& context,
unsigned spaceIdx,
unsigned timeIdx) const
{
const GlobalPosition& pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
if (isFineMaterial_(pos))
return fineMaterialParams_;
else
return coarseMaterialParams_;
}
/*!
* \brief Return the parameters for the energy storage law of the rock
*
* In this case, we assume the rock-matrix to be granite.
*/
template <class Context>
const SolidEnergyLawParams&
solidEnergyLawParams(const Context& context OPM_UNUSED,
unsigned spaceIdx OPM_UNUSED,
unsigned timeIdx OPM_UNUSED) const
{ return solidEnergyLawParams_; }
/*!
* \copydoc FvBaseMultiPhaseProblem::thermalConductionParams
*/
template <class Context>
const ThermalConductionLawParams &
thermalConductionParams(const Context& context,
unsigned spaceIdx,
unsigned timeIdx) const
{
const GlobalPosition& pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
if (isFineMaterial_(pos))
return fineThermalCondParams_;
return coarseThermalCondParams_;
}
//! \}
/*!
* \name Boundary conditions
*/
//! \{
/*!
* \copydoc FvBaseProblem::boundary
*/
template <class Context>
void boundary(BoundaryRateVector& values,
const Context& context,
unsigned spaceIdx,
unsigned timeIdx) const
{
const auto& pos = context.pos(spaceIdx, timeIdx);
if (onInlet_(pos))
values.setFreeFlow(context, spaceIdx, timeIdx, inletFluidState_);
else if (onOutlet_(pos))
values.setFreeFlow(context, spaceIdx, timeIdx, outletFluidState_);
else
values.setNoFlow();
}
//! \}
/*!
* \name Volumetric terms
*/
//! \{
/*!
* \copydoc FvBaseProblem::initial
*/
template <class Context>
void initial(PrimaryVariables& values,
const Context& context,
unsigned spaceIdx,
unsigned timeIdx) const
{
const auto& matParams = materialLawParams(context, spaceIdx, timeIdx);
values.assignMassConservative(outletFluidState_, matParams);
}
/*!
* \copydoc FvBaseProblem::source
*
* For this problem, the source term of all components is 0
* everywhere.
*/
template <class Context>
void source(RateVector& rate,
const Context& context OPM_UNUSED,
unsigned spaceIdx OPM_UNUSED,
unsigned timeIdx OPM_UNUSED) const
{ rate = 0.0; }
//! \}
private:
/*!
* \brief Returns whether a given global position is in the
* fine-permeability region or not.
*/
bool isFineMaterial_(const GlobalPosition& pos) const
{ return 10 <= pos[0] && pos[0] <= 20 && 0 <= pos[1] && pos[1] <= 35; }
bool onInlet_(const GlobalPosition& globalPos) const
{
Scalar x = globalPos[0];
Scalar y = globalPos[1];
return x >= 60 - eps_ && y <= 10;
}
bool onOutlet_(const GlobalPosition& globalPos) const
{
Scalar x = globalPos[0];
Scalar y = globalPos[1];
return x < eps_ && y <= 10;
}
void initFluidStates_()
{
initFluidState_(inletFluidState_, coarseMaterialParams_,
/*isInlet=*/true);
initFluidState_(outletFluidState_, coarseMaterialParams_,
/*isInlet=*/false);
}
template <class FluidState>
void initFluidState_(FluidState& fs, const MaterialLawParams& matParams, bool isInlet)
{
unsigned refPhaseIdx;
unsigned otherPhaseIdx;
// set the fluid temperatures
fs.setTemperature(temperature_);
if (isInlet) {
// only liquid on inlet
refPhaseIdx = liquidPhaseIdx;
otherPhaseIdx = gasPhaseIdx;
// set liquid saturation
fs.setSaturation(liquidPhaseIdx, 1.0);
// set pressure of the liquid phase
fs.setPressure(liquidPhaseIdx, 2e5);
// set the liquid composition to pure water
fs.setMoleFraction(liquidPhaseIdx, N2Idx, 0.0);
fs.setMoleFraction(liquidPhaseIdx, H2OIdx, 1.0);
}
else {
// elsewhere, only gas
refPhaseIdx = gasPhaseIdx;
otherPhaseIdx = liquidPhaseIdx;
// set gas saturation
fs.setSaturation(gasPhaseIdx, 1.0);
// set pressure of the gas phase
fs.setPressure(gasPhaseIdx, 1e5);
// set the gas composition to 99% nitrogen and 1% steam
fs.setMoleFraction(gasPhaseIdx, N2Idx, 0.99);
fs.setMoleFraction(gasPhaseIdx, H2OIdx, 0.01);
}
// set the other saturation
fs.setSaturation(otherPhaseIdx, 1.0 - fs.saturation(refPhaseIdx));
// calulate the capillary pressure
PhaseVector pC;
MaterialLaw::capillaryPressures(pC, matParams, fs);
fs.setPressure(otherPhaseIdx, fs.pressure(refPhaseIdx)
+ (pC[otherPhaseIdx] - pC[refPhaseIdx]));
// make the fluid state consistent with local thermodynamic
// equilibrium
typedef Opm::ComputeFromReferencePhase<Scalar, FluidSystem>
ComputeFromReferencePhase;
typename FluidSystem::template ParameterCache<Scalar> paramCache;
ComputeFromReferencePhase::solve(fs, paramCache, refPhaseIdx,
/*setViscosity=*/false,
/*setEnthalpy=*/false);
}
void computeThermalCondParams_(ThermalConductionLawParams& params, Scalar poro)
{
Scalar lambdaWater = 0.6;
Scalar lambdaGranite = 2.8;
Scalar lambdaWet = std::pow(lambdaGranite, (1 - poro))
* std::pow(lambdaWater, poro);
Scalar lambdaDry = std::pow(lambdaGranite, (1 - poro));
params.setFullySaturatedLambda(gasPhaseIdx, lambdaDry);
params.setFullySaturatedLambda(liquidPhaseIdx, lambdaWet);
params.setVacuumLambda(lambdaDry);
}
DimMatrix coarseK_;
DimMatrix fineK_;
Scalar coarsePorosity_;
Scalar finePorosity_;
MaterialLawParams fineMaterialParams_;
MaterialLawParams coarseMaterialParams_;
ThermalConductionLawParams fineThermalCondParams_;
ThermalConductionLawParams coarseThermalCondParams_;
SolidEnergyLawParams solidEnergyLawParams_;
Opm::CompositionalFluidState<Scalar, FluidSystem> inletFluidState_;
Opm::CompositionalFluidState<Scalar, FluidSystem> outletFluidState_;
Scalar temperature_;
Scalar eps_;
};
} // namespace Ewoms
#endif