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498 lines
20 KiB
C++
498 lines
20 KiB
C++
/*
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Copyright 2013, 2015 SINTEF ICT, Applied Mathematics.
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Copyright 2014, 2015 Statoil ASA.
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Copyright 2014, 2015 Dr. Markus Blatt - HPC-Simulation-Software & Services
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Copyright 2015 NTNU
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This file is part of the Open Porous Media project (OPM).
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OPM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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OPM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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GNU General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with OPM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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*/
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#ifndef OPM_BLACKOILMODELBASE_HEADER_INCLUDED
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#define OPM_BLACKOILMODELBASE_HEADER_INCLUDED
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#include <cassert>
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#include <opm/autodiff/AutoDiffBlock.hpp>
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#include <opm/autodiff/AutoDiffHelpers.hpp>
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#include <opm/autodiff/BlackoilPropsAdInterface.hpp>
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#include <opm/autodiff/LinearisedBlackoilResidual.hpp>
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#include <opm/autodiff/NewtonIterationBlackoilInterface.hpp>
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#include <opm/autodiff/BlackoilModelEnums.hpp>
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#include <array>
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struct Wells;
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namespace Opm {
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namespace parameter { class ParameterGroup; }
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class DerivedGeology;
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class RockCompressibility;
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class NewtonIterationBlackoilInterface;
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/// Struct for containing iteration variables.
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struct DefaultBlackoilSolutionState
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{
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typedef AutoDiffBlock<double> ADB;
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explicit DefaultBlackoilSolutionState(const int np)
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: pressure ( ADB::null())
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, temperature( ADB::null())
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, saturation(np, ADB::null())
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, rs ( ADB::null())
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, rv ( ADB::null())
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, qs ( ADB::null())
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, bhp ( ADB::null())
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, canonical_phase_pressures(3, ADB::null())
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{
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}
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ADB pressure;
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ADB temperature;
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std::vector<ADB> saturation;
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ADB rs;
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ADB rv;
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ADB qs;
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ADB bhp;
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// Below are quantities stored in the state for optimization purposes.
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std::vector<ADB> canonical_phase_pressures; // Always has 3 elements, even if only 2 phases active.
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};
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/// Traits to encapsulate the types used by classes using or
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/// extending this model. Forward declared here, must be
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/// specialised for each concrete model class.
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template <class ConcreteModel>
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struct ModelTraits;
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/// A model implementation for three-phase black oil.
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///
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/// The simulator is capable of handling three-phase problems
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/// where gas can be dissolved in oil and vice versa. It
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/// uses an industry-standard TPFA discretization with per-phase
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/// upwind weighting of mobilities.
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///
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/// It uses automatic differentiation via the class AutoDiffBlock
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/// to simplify assembly of the jacobian matrix.
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/// \tparam Grid UnstructuredGrid or CpGrid.
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/// \tparam Implementation Provides concrete state types.
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template<class Grid, class Implementation>
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class BlackoilModelBase
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{
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public:
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// --------- Types and enums ---------
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typedef AutoDiffBlock<double> ADB;
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typedef ADB::V V;
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typedef ADB::M M;
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typedef typename ModelTraits<Implementation>::ReservoirState ReservoirState;
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typedef typename ModelTraits<Implementation>::WellState WellState;
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typedef typename ModelTraits<Implementation>::ModelParameters ModelParameters;
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typedef typename ModelTraits<Implementation>::SolutionState SolutionState;
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// --------- Public methods ---------
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/// Construct the model. It will retain references to the
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/// arguments of this functions, and they are expected to
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/// remain in scope for the lifetime of the solver.
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/// \param[in] param parameters
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/// \param[in] grid grid data structure
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/// \param[in] fluid fluid properties
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/// \param[in] geo rock properties
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/// \param[in] rock_comp_props if non-null, rock compressibility properties
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/// \param[in] wells well structure
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/// \param[in] linsolver linear solver
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/// \param[in] has_disgas turn on dissolved gas
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/// \param[in] has_vapoil turn on vaporized oil feature
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/// \param[in] terminal_output request output to cout/cerr
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BlackoilModelBase(const ModelParameters& param,
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const Grid& grid ,
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const BlackoilPropsAdInterface& fluid,
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const DerivedGeology& geo ,
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const RockCompressibility* rock_comp_props,
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const Wells* wells,
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const NewtonIterationBlackoilInterface& linsolver,
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const bool has_disgas,
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const bool has_vapoil,
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const bool terminal_output);
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/// \brief Set threshold pressures that prevent or reduce flow.
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/// This prevents flow across faces if the potential
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/// difference is less than the threshold. If the potential
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/// difference is greater, the threshold value is subtracted
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/// before calculating flow. This is treated symmetrically, so
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/// flow is prevented or reduced in both directions equally.
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/// \param[in] threshold_pressures_by_face array of size equal to the number of faces
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/// of the grid passed in the constructor.
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void setThresholdPressures(const std::vector<double>& threshold_pressures_by_face);
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/// Called once before each time step.
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/// \param[in] dt time step size
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/// \param[in, out] reservoir_state reservoir state variables
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/// \param[in, out] well_state well state variables
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void prepareStep(const double dt,
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ReservoirState& reservoir_state,
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WellState& well_state);
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/// Called once after each time step.
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/// In this class, this function does nothing.
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/// \param[in] dt time step size
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/// \param[in, out] reservoir_state reservoir state variables
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/// \param[in, out] well_state well state variables
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void afterStep(const double dt,
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ReservoirState& reservoir_state,
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WellState& well_state);
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/// Assemble the residual and Jacobian of the nonlinear system.
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/// \param[in] reservoir_state reservoir state variables
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/// \param[in, out] well_state well state variables
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/// \param[in] initial_assembly pass true if this is the first call to assemble() in this timestep
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void assemble(const ReservoirState& reservoir_state,
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WellState& well_state,
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const bool initial_assembly);
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/// \brief Compute the residual norms of the mass balance for each phase,
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/// the well flux, and the well equation.
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/// \return a vector that contains for each phase the norm of the mass balance
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/// and afterwards the norm of the residual of the well flux and the well equation.
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std::vector<double> computeResidualNorms() const;
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/// The size (number of unknowns) of the nonlinear system of equations.
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int sizeNonLinear() const;
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/// Number of linear iterations used in last call to solveJacobianSystem().
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int linearIterationsLastSolve() const;
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/// Solve the Jacobian system Jx = r where J is the Jacobian and
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/// r is the residual.
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V solveJacobianSystem() const;
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/// Apply an update to the primary variables, chopped if appropriate.
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/// \param[in] dx updates to apply to primary variables
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/// \param[in, out] reservoir_state reservoir state variables
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/// \param[in, out] well_state well state variables
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void updateState(const V& dx,
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ReservoirState& reservoir_state,
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WellState& well_state);
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/// Return true if output to cout is wanted.
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bool terminalOutputEnabled() const;
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/// Compute convergence based on total mass balance (tol_mb) and maximum
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/// residual mass balance (tol_cnv).
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/// \param[in] dt timestep length
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/// \param[in] iteration current iteration number
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bool getConvergence(const double dt, const int iteration);
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/// The number of active phases in the model.
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int numPhases() const;
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protected:
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// --------- Types and enums ---------
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typedef Eigen::Array<double,
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Eigen::Dynamic,
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Eigen::Dynamic,
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Eigen::RowMajor> DataBlock;
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struct ReservoirResidualQuant {
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ReservoirResidualQuant();
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std::vector<ADB> accum; // Accumulations
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ADB mflux; // Mass flux (surface conditions)
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ADB b; // Reciprocal FVF
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ADB dh; // Pressure drop across int. interfaces
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ADB mob; // Phase mobility (per cell)
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};
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struct WellOps {
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WellOps(const Wells* wells);
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M w2p; // well -> perf (scatter)
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M p2w; // perf -> well (gather)
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};
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// --------- Data members ---------
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const Grid& grid_;
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const BlackoilPropsAdInterface& fluid_;
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const DerivedGeology& geo_;
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const RockCompressibility* rock_comp_props_;
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const Wells* wells_;
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const NewtonIterationBlackoilInterface& linsolver_;
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// For each canonical phase -> true if active
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const std::vector<bool> active_;
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// Size = # active phases. Maps active -> canonical phase indices.
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const std::vector<int> canph_;
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const std::vector<int> cells_; // All grid cells
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HelperOps ops_;
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const WellOps wops_;
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const bool has_disgas_;
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const bool has_vapoil_;
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ModelParameters param_;
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bool use_threshold_pressure_;
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V threshold_pressures_by_interior_face_;
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std::vector<ReservoirResidualQuant> rq_;
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std::vector<PhasePresence> phaseCondition_;
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V isRs_;
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V isRv_;
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V isSg_;
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V well_perforation_pressure_diffs_; // Diff to bhp for each well perforation.
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LinearisedBlackoilResidual residual_;
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/// \brief Whether we print something to std::cout
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bool terminal_output_;
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std::vector<int> primalVariable_;
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V pvdt_;
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// --------- Protected methods ---------
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/// Access the most-derived class used for
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/// static polymorphism (CRTP).
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Implementation& asImpl()
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{
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return static_cast<Implementation&>(*this);
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}
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/// Access the most-derived class used for
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/// static polymorphism (CRTP).
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const Implementation& asImpl() const
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{
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return static_cast<const Implementation&>(*this);
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}
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// return true if wells are available
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bool wellsActive() const { return wells_ ? wells_->number_of_wells > 0 : false ; }
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// return wells object
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const Wells& wells () const { assert( bool(wells_ != 0) ); return *wells_; }
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void
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makeConstantState(SolutionState& state) const;
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SolutionState
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variableState(const ReservoirState& x,
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const WellState& xw) const;
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std::vector<V>
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variableStateInitials(const ReservoirState& x,
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const WellState& xw) const;
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void
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variableReservoirStateInitials(const ReservoirState& x,
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std::vector<V>& vars0) const;
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void
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variableWellStateInitials(const WellState& xw,
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std::vector<V>& vars0) const;
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std::vector<int>
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variableStateIndices() const;
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std::vector<int>
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variableWellStateIndices() const;
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SolutionState
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variableStateExtractVars(const ReservoirState& x,
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const std::vector<int>& indices,
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std::vector<ADB>& vars) const;
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void
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variableStateExtractWellsVars(const std::vector<int>& indices,
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std::vector<ADB>& vars,
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SolutionState& state) const;
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void
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computeAccum(const SolutionState& state,
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const int aix );
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void computeWellConnectionPressures(const SolutionState& state,
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const WellState& xw);
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void
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assembleMassBalanceEq(const SolutionState& state);
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void
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addWellControlEq(const SolutionState& state,
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const WellState& xw,
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const V& aliveWells);
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void
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solveWellEq(const std::vector<ADB>& mob_perfcells,
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const std::vector<ADB>& b_perfcells,
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SolutionState& state,
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WellState& well_state);
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void
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addWellEq(const SolutionState& state,
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WellState& xw,
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const std::vector<ADB>& mob_perfcells,
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const std::vector<ADB>& b_perfcells,
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V& aliveWells,
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std::vector<ADB>& cq_s);
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void
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addWellContributionToMassBalanceEq(const SolutionState& state,
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const WellState& xw,
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const std::vector<ADB>& cq_s);
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void updateWellControls(WellState& xw) const;
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void updateWellState(const V& dwells,
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WellState& well_state);
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bool getWellConvergence(const int iteration);
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std::vector<ADB>
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computePressures(const ADB& po,
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const ADB& sw,
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const ADB& so,
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const ADB& sg) const;
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V
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computeGasPressure(const V& po,
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const V& sw,
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const V& so,
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const V& sg) const;
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std::vector<ADB>
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computeRelPerm(const SolutionState& state) const;
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void
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computeMassFlux(const int actph ,
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const V& transi,
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const ADB& kr ,
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const ADB& p ,
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const SolutionState& state );
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void applyThresholdPressures(ADB& dp);
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ADB
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fluidViscosity(const int phase,
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const ADB& p ,
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const ADB& temp ,
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const ADB& rs ,
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const ADB& rv ,
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const std::vector<PhasePresence>& cond,
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const std::vector<int>& cells) const;
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ADB
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fluidReciprocFVF(const int phase,
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const ADB& p ,
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const ADB& temp ,
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const ADB& rs ,
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const ADB& rv ,
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const std::vector<PhasePresence>& cond,
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const std::vector<int>& cells) const;
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ADB
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fluidDensity(const int phase,
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const ADB& p ,
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const ADB& temp ,
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const ADB& rs ,
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const ADB& rv ,
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const std::vector<PhasePresence>& cond,
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const std::vector<int>& cells) const;
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V
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fluidRsSat(const V& p,
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const V& so,
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const std::vector<int>& cells) const;
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ADB
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fluidRsSat(const ADB& p,
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const ADB& so,
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const std::vector<int>& cells) const;
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V
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fluidRvSat(const V& p,
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const V& so,
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const std::vector<int>& cells) const;
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ADB
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fluidRvSat(const ADB& p,
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const ADB& so,
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const std::vector<int>& cells) const;
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ADB
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poroMult(const ADB& p) const;
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ADB
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transMult(const ADB& p) const;
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const std::vector<PhasePresence>
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phaseCondition() const {return phaseCondition_;}
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void
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classifyCondition(const ReservoirState& state);
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/// update the primal variable for Sg, Rv or Rs. The Gas phase must
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/// be active to call this method.
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void
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updatePrimalVariableFromState(const ReservoirState& state);
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/// Update the phaseCondition_ member based on the primalVariable_ member.
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/// Also updates isRs_, isRv_ and isSg_;
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void
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updatePhaseCondFromPrimalVariable();
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/// \brief Compute the reduction within the convergence check.
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/// \param[in] B A matrix with MaxNumPhases columns and the same number rows
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/// as the number of cells of the grid. B.col(i) contains the values
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/// for phase i.
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/// \param[in] tempV A matrix with MaxNumPhases columns and the same number rows
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/// as the number of cells of the grid. tempV.col(i) contains the
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/// values
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/// for phase i.
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/// \param[in] R A matrix with MaxNumPhases columns and the same number rows
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/// as the number of cells of the grid. B.col(i) contains the values
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/// for phase i.
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/// \param[out] R_sum An array of size MaxNumPhases where entry i contains the sum
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/// of R for the phase i.
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/// \param[out] maxCoeff An array of size MaxNumPhases where entry i contains the
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/// maximum of tempV for the phase i.
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/// \param[out] B_avg An array of size MaxNumPhases where entry i contains the average
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/// of B for the phase i.
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/// \param[out] maxNormWell The maximum of the well equations for each phase.
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/// \param[in] nc The number of cells of the local grid.
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/// \param[in] nw The number of wells on the local grid.
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/// \return The total pore volume over all cells.
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double
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convergenceReduction(const Eigen::Array<double, Eigen::Dynamic, MaxNumPhases>& B,
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const Eigen::Array<double, Eigen::Dynamic, MaxNumPhases>& tempV,
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const Eigen::Array<double, Eigen::Dynamic, MaxNumPhases>& R,
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std::array<double,MaxNumPhases>& R_sum,
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std::array<double,MaxNumPhases>& maxCoeff,
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std::array<double,MaxNumPhases>& B_avg,
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std::vector<double>& maxNormWell,
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int nc,
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int nw) const;
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double dpMaxRel() const { return param_.dp_max_rel_; }
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double dsMax() const { return param_.ds_max_; }
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double drMaxRel() const { return param_.dr_max_rel_; }
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double maxResidualAllowed() const { return param_.max_residual_allowed_; }
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};
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} // namespace Opm
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#include "BlackoilModelBase_impl.hpp"
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#endif // OPM_BLACKOILMODELBASE_HEADER_INCLUDED
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