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ebb1da0662
The std variants are part of c++-2011 and it's 2014 now. (they are also available in GCC 4.4.)
537 lines
22 KiB
C++
537 lines
22 KiB
C++
/*
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Copyright 2013 SINTEF ICT, Applied Mathematics.
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This file is part of the Open Porous Media project (OPM).
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OPM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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OPM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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GNU General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with OPM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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*/
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#if HAVE_CONFIG_H
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#include "config.h"
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#endif // HAVE_CONFIG_H
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#include <opm/autodiff/SimulatorCompressibleAd.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/utility/parameters/ParameterGroup.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/utility/ErrorMacros.hpp>
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#include <opm/autodiff/GeoProps.hpp>
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#include <opm/autodiff/ImpesTPFAAD.hpp>
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#include <opm/autodiff/BlackoilPropsAd.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/grid.h>
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#include <opm/core/wells.h>
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#include <opm/core/pressure/flow_bc.h>
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#include <opm/core/simulator/SimulatorReport.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/simulator/SimulatorTimer.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/utility/StopWatch.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/io/vtk/writeVtkData.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/utility/miscUtilities.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/utility/miscUtilitiesBlackoil.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/wells/WellsManager.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/props/BlackoilPropertiesInterface.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/props/rock/RockCompressibility.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/grid/ColumnExtract.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/simulator/BlackoilState.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/simulator/WellState.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/transport/reorder/TransportSolverCompressibleTwophaseReorder.hpp>
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#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
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#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
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#include <memory>
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#include <numeric>
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#include <fstream>
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#include <iostream>
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namespace Opm
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{
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class SimulatorCompressibleAd::Impl
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{
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public:
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Impl(const parameter::ParameterGroup& param,
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const UnstructuredGrid& grid,
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const BlackoilPropertiesInterface& props,
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const RockCompressibility* rock_comp_props,
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WellsManager& wells_manager,
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LinearSolverInterface& linsolver,
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const double* gravity);
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SimulatorReport run(SimulatorTimer& timer,
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BlackoilState& state,
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WellState& well_state);
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private:
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// Data.
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// Parameters for output.
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bool output_;
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bool output_vtk_;
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std::string output_dir_;
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int output_interval_;
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// Parameters for well control
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bool check_well_controls_;
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int max_well_control_iterations_;
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// Parameters for transport solver.
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int num_transport_substeps_;
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bool use_segregation_split_;
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// Observed objects.
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const UnstructuredGrid& grid_;
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const BlackoilPropertiesInterface& props_;
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const RockCompressibility* rock_comp_props_;
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WellsManager& wells_manager_;
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const Wells* wells_;
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const double* gravity_;
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// Solvers
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BlackoilPropsAd fluid_;
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DerivedGeology geo_;
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ImpesTPFAAD psolver_;
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TransportSolverCompressibleTwophaseReorder tsolver_;
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// Needed by column-based gravity segregation solver.
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std::vector< std::vector<int> > columns_;
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// Misc. data
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std::vector<int> allcells_;
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};
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SimulatorCompressibleAd::SimulatorCompressibleAd(const parameter::ParameterGroup& param,
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const UnstructuredGrid& grid,
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const BlackoilPropertiesInterface& props,
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const RockCompressibility* rock_comp_props,
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WellsManager& wells_manager,
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LinearSolverInterface& linsolver,
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const double* gravity)
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{
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pimpl_.reset(new Impl(param, grid, props, rock_comp_props, wells_manager, linsolver, gravity));
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}
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SimulatorReport SimulatorCompressibleAd::run(SimulatorTimer& timer,
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BlackoilState& state,
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WellState& well_state)
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{
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return pimpl_->run(timer, state, well_state);
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}
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static void outputStateVtk(const UnstructuredGrid& grid,
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const Opm::BlackoilState& state,
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const int step,
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const std::string& output_dir)
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{
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// Write data in VTK format.
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std::ostringstream vtkfilename;
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vtkfilename << output_dir << "/vtk_files";
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boost::filesystem::path fpath(vtkfilename.str());
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try {
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create_directories(fpath);
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}
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catch (...) {
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OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Creating directories failed: " << fpath);
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}
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vtkfilename << "/output-" << std::setw(3) << std::setfill('0') << step << ".vtu";
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std::ofstream vtkfile(vtkfilename.str().c_str());
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if (!vtkfile) {
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OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Failed to open " << vtkfilename.str());
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}
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Opm::DataMap dm;
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dm["saturation"] = &state.saturation();
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dm["pressure"] = &state.pressure();
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std::vector<double> cell_velocity;
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Opm::estimateCellVelocity(grid, state.faceflux(), cell_velocity);
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dm["velocity"] = &cell_velocity;
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Opm::writeVtkData(grid, dm, vtkfile);
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}
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static void outputStateMatlab(const UnstructuredGrid& grid,
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const Opm::BlackoilState& state,
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const int step,
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const std::string& output_dir)
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{
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Opm::DataMap dm;
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dm["saturation"] = &state.saturation();
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dm["pressure"] = &state.pressure();
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dm["surfvolume"] = &state.surfacevol();
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std::vector<double> cell_velocity;
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Opm::estimateCellVelocity(grid, state.faceflux(), cell_velocity);
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dm["velocity"] = &cell_velocity;
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// Write data (not grid) in Matlab format
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for (Opm::DataMap::const_iterator it = dm.begin(); it != dm.end(); ++it) {
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std::ostringstream fname;
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fname << output_dir << "/" << it->first;
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boost::filesystem::path fpath = fname.str();
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try {
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create_directories(fpath);
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}
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catch (...) {
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OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Creating directories failed: " << fpath);
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}
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fname << "/" << std::setw(3) << std::setfill('0') << step << ".txt";
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std::ofstream file(fname.str().c_str());
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if (!file) {
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OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Failed to open " << fname.str());
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}
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file.precision(15);
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const std::vector<double>& d = *(it->second);
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std::copy(d.begin(), d.end(), std::ostream_iterator<double>(file, "\n"));
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}
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}
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static void outputWaterCut(const Opm::Watercut& watercut,
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const std::string& output_dir)
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{
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// Write water cut curve.
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std::string fname = output_dir + "/watercut.txt";
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std::ofstream os(fname.c_str());
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if (!os) {
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OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Failed to open " << fname);
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}
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watercut.write(os);
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}
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static void outputWellReport(const Opm::WellReport& wellreport,
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const std::string& output_dir)
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{
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// Write well report.
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std::string fname = output_dir + "/wellreport.txt";
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std::ofstream os(fname.c_str());
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if (!os) {
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OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Failed to open " << fname);
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}
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wellreport.write(os);
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}
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// \TODO: make CompressibleTpfa take bcs.
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SimulatorCompressibleAd::Impl::Impl(const parameter::ParameterGroup& param,
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const UnstructuredGrid& grid,
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const BlackoilPropertiesInterface& props,
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const RockCompressibility* rock_comp_props,
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WellsManager& wells_manager,
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LinearSolverInterface& linsolver,
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const double* gravity)
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: grid_(grid),
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props_(props),
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rock_comp_props_(rock_comp_props),
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wells_manager_(wells_manager),
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wells_(wells_manager.c_wells()),
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gravity_(gravity),
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fluid_(props_),
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geo_(grid_, fluid_, gravity_),
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psolver_(grid_, fluid_, geo_, *wells_manager.c_wells(), linsolver),
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/* param.getDefault("nl_pressure_residual_tolerance", 0.0),
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param.getDefault("nl_pressure_change_tolerance", 1.0),
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param.getDefault("nl_pressure_maxiter", 10),
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gravity, */
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tsolver_(grid, props,
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param.getDefault("nl_tolerance", 1e-9),
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param.getDefault("nl_maxiter", 30))
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{
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// For output.
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output_ = param.getDefault("output", true);
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if (output_) {
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output_vtk_ = param.getDefault("output_vtk", true);
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output_dir_ = param.getDefault("output_dir", std::string("output"));
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// Ensure that output dir exists
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boost::filesystem::path fpath(output_dir_);
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try {
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create_directories(fpath);
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}
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catch (...) {
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OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Creating directories failed: " << fpath);
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}
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output_interval_ = param.getDefault("output_interval", 1);
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}
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// Well control related init.
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check_well_controls_ = param.getDefault("check_well_controls", false);
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max_well_control_iterations_ = param.getDefault("max_well_control_iterations", 10);
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// Transport related init.
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num_transport_substeps_ = param.getDefault("num_transport_substeps", 1);
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use_segregation_split_ = param.getDefault("use_segregation_split", false);
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if (gravity != 0 && use_segregation_split_){
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tsolver_.initGravity(gravity);
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extractColumn(grid_, columns_);
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}
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// Misc init.
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const int num_cells = grid.number_of_cells;
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allcells_.resize(num_cells);
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for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
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allcells_[cell] = cell;
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}
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}
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SimulatorReport SimulatorCompressibleAd::Impl::run(SimulatorTimer& timer,
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BlackoilState& state,
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WellState& well_state)
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{
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std::vector<double> transport_src;
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// Initialisation.
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std::vector<double> porevol;
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if (rock_comp_props_ && rock_comp_props_->isActive()) {
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computePorevolume(grid_, props_.porosity(), *rock_comp_props_, state.pressure(), porevol);
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} else {
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computePorevolume(grid_, props_.porosity(), porevol);
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}
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const double tot_porevol_init = std::accumulate(porevol.begin(), porevol.end(), 0.0);
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std::vector<double> initial_porevol = porevol;
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// Main simulation loop.
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Opm::time::StopWatch pressure_timer;
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double ptime = 0.0;
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Opm::time::StopWatch transport_timer;
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double ttime = 0.0;
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Opm::time::StopWatch step_timer;
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Opm::time::StopWatch total_timer;
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total_timer.start();
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double init_surfvol[2] = { 0.0 };
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double inplace_surfvol[2] = { 0.0 };
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double tot_injected[2] = { 0.0 };
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double tot_produced[2] = { 0.0 };
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Opm::computeSaturatedVol(porevol, state.surfacevol(), init_surfvol);
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Opm::Watercut watercut;
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watercut.push(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
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Opm::WellReport wellreport;
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std::vector<double> fractional_flows;
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std::vector<double> well_resflows_phase;
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if (wells_) {
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well_resflows_phase.resize((wells_->number_of_phases)*(wells_->number_of_wells), 0.0);
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wellreport.push(props_, *wells_,
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state.pressure(), state.surfacevol(), state.saturation(),
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0.0, well_state.bhp(), well_state.perfRates());
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}
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std::fstream tstep_os;
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if (output_) {
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std::string filename = output_dir_ + "/step_timing.param";
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tstep_os.open(filename.c_str(), std::fstream::out | std::fstream::app);
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}
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for (; !timer.done(); ++timer) {
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// Report timestep and (optionally) write state to disk.
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step_timer.start();
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timer.report(std::cout);
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if (output_ && (timer.currentStepNum() % output_interval_ == 0)) {
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if (output_vtk_) {
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outputStateVtk(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
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}
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outputStateMatlab(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
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}
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SimulatorReport sreport;
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// Solve pressure equation.
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if (check_well_controls_) {
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computeFractionalFlow(props_, allcells_,
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state.pressure(), state.surfacevol(), state.saturation(),
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fractional_flows);
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wells_manager_.applyExplicitReinjectionControls(well_resflows_phase, well_resflows_phase);
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}
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bool well_control_passed = !check_well_controls_;
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int well_control_iteration = 0;
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do {
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// Run solver.
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pressure_timer.start();
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std::vector<double> initial_pressure = state.pressure();
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psolver_.solve(timer.currentStepLength(), state, well_state);
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#if 0
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// Renormalize pressure if both fluids and rock are
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// incompressible, and there are no pressure
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// conditions (bcs or wells). It is deemed sufficient
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// for now to renormalize using geometric volume
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// instead of pore volume.
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if (psolver_.singularPressure()) {
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// Compute average pressures of previous and last
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// step, and total volume.
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double av_prev_press = 0.0;
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double av_press = 0.0;
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double tot_vol = 0.0;
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const int num_cells = grid_.number_of_cells;
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for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
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av_prev_press += initial_pressure[cell]*grid_.cell_volumes[cell];
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av_press += state.pressure()[cell]*grid_.cell_volumes[cell];
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tot_vol += grid_.cell_volumes[cell];
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}
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// Renormalization constant
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const double ren_const = (av_prev_press - av_press)/tot_vol;
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for (int cell = 0; cell < num_cells; ++cell) {
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state.pressure()[cell] += ren_const;
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}
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const int num_wells = (wells_ == NULL) ? 0 : wells_->number_of_wells;
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for (int well = 0; well < num_wells; ++well) {
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well_state.bhp()[well] += ren_const;
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}
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}
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#endif
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// Stop timer and report.
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pressure_timer.stop();
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double pt = pressure_timer.secsSinceStart();
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std::cout << "Pressure solver took: " << pt << " seconds." << std::endl;
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ptime += pt;
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sreport.pressure_time = pt;
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// Optionally, check if well controls are satisfied.
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if (check_well_controls_) {
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Opm::computePhaseFlowRatesPerWell(*wells_,
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well_state.perfRates(),
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fractional_flows,
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well_resflows_phase);
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std::cout << "Checking well conditions." << std::endl;
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// For testing we set surface := reservoir
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well_control_passed = wells_manager_.conditionsMet(well_state.bhp(), well_resflows_phase, well_resflows_phase);
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++well_control_iteration;
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if (!well_control_passed && well_control_iteration > max_well_control_iterations_) {
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OPM_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Could not satisfy well conditions in " << max_well_control_iterations_ << " tries.");
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}
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if (!well_control_passed) {
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std::cout << "Well controls not passed, solving again." << std::endl;
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} else {
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std::cout << "Well conditions met." << std::endl;
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}
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}
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} while (!well_control_passed);
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// Update pore volumes if rock is compressible.
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if (rock_comp_props_ && rock_comp_props_->isActive()) {
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initial_porevol = porevol;
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computePorevolume(grid_, props_.porosity(), *rock_comp_props_, state.pressure(), porevol);
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}
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// Process transport sources from well flows.
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Opm::computeTransportSource(props_, wells_, well_state, transport_src);
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// Solve transport.
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transport_timer.start();
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double stepsize = timer.currentStepLength();
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if (num_transport_substeps_ != 1) {
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stepsize /= double(num_transport_substeps_);
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std::cout << "Making " << num_transport_substeps_ << " transport substeps." << std::endl;
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}
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double injected[2] = { 0.0 };
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double produced[2] = { 0.0 };
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for (int tr_substep = 0; tr_substep < num_transport_substeps_; ++tr_substep) {
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tsolver_.solve(&state.faceflux()[0], &state.pressure()[0],
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&initial_porevol[0], &porevol[0], &transport_src[0], stepsize,
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state.saturation(), state.surfacevol());
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double substep_injected[2] = { 0.0 };
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double substep_produced[2] = { 0.0 };
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Opm::computeInjectedProduced(props_, state, transport_src, stepsize,
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substep_injected, substep_produced);
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injected[0] += substep_injected[0];
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injected[1] += substep_injected[1];
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produced[0] += substep_produced[0];
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produced[1] += substep_produced[1];
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if (gravity_ != 0 && use_segregation_split_) {
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tsolver_.solveGravity(columns_, stepsize, state.saturation(), state.surfacevol());
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}
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}
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transport_timer.stop();
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double tt = transport_timer.secsSinceStart();
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sreport.transport_time = tt;
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std::cout << "Transport solver took: " << tt << " seconds." << std::endl;
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ttime += tt;
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// Report volume balances.
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Opm::computeSaturatedVol(porevol, state.surfacevol(), inplace_surfvol);
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tot_injected[0] += injected[0];
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tot_injected[1] += injected[1];
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tot_produced[0] += produced[0];
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tot_produced[1] += produced[1];
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std::cout.precision(5);
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const int width = 18;
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std::cout << "\nMass balance report.\n";
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|
std::cout << " Injected surface volumes: "
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|
<< std::setw(width) << injected[0]
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|
<< std::setw(width) << injected[1] << std::endl;
|
|
std::cout << " Produced surface volumes: "
|
|
<< std::setw(width) << produced[0]
|
|
<< std::setw(width) << produced[1] << std::endl;
|
|
std::cout << " Total inj surface volumes: "
|
|
<< std::setw(width) << tot_injected[0]
|
|
<< std::setw(width) << tot_injected[1] << std::endl;
|
|
std::cout << " Total prod surface volumes: "
|
|
<< std::setw(width) << tot_produced[0]
|
|
<< std::setw(width) << tot_produced[1] << std::endl;
|
|
const double balance[2] = { init_surfvol[0] - inplace_surfvol[0] - tot_produced[0] + tot_injected[0],
|
|
init_surfvol[1] - inplace_surfvol[1] - tot_produced[1] + tot_injected[1] };
|
|
std::cout << " Initial - inplace + inj - prod: "
|
|
<< std::setw(width) << balance[0]
|
|
<< std::setw(width) << balance[1]
|
|
<< std::endl;
|
|
std::cout << " Relative mass error: "
|
|
<< std::setw(width) << balance[0]/(init_surfvol[0] + tot_injected[0])
|
|
<< std::setw(width) << balance[1]/(init_surfvol[1] + tot_injected[1])
|
|
<< std::endl;
|
|
std::cout.precision(8);
|
|
|
|
watercut.push(timer.simulationTimeElapsed() + timer.currentStepLength(),
|
|
produced[0]/(produced[0] + produced[1]),
|
|
tot_produced[0]/tot_porevol_init);
|
|
if (wells_) {
|
|
wellreport.push(props_, *wells_,
|
|
state.pressure(), state.surfacevol(), state.saturation(),
|
|
timer.simulationTimeElapsed() + timer.currentStepLength(),
|
|
well_state.bhp(), well_state.perfRates());
|
|
}
|
|
sreport.total_time = step_timer.secsSinceStart();
|
|
if (output_) {
|
|
sreport.reportParam(tstep_os);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (output_) {
|
|
if (output_vtk_) {
|
|
outputStateVtk(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
|
|
}
|
|
outputStateMatlab(grid_, state, timer.currentStepNum(), output_dir_);
|
|
outputWaterCut(watercut, output_dir_);
|
|
if (wells_) {
|
|
outputWellReport(wellreport, output_dir_);
|
|
}
|
|
tstep_os.close();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
total_timer.stop();
|
|
|
|
SimulatorReport report;
|
|
report.pressure_time = ptime;
|
|
report.transport_time = ttime;
|
|
report.total_time = total_timer.secsSinceStart();
|
|
return report;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
} // namespace Opm
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