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https://github.com/OPM/opm-simulators.git
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605 lines
22 KiB
C++
605 lines
22 KiB
C++
// -*- mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*-
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// vi: set et ts=4 sw=4 sts=4:
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/*
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This file is part of the Open Porous Media project (OPM).
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OPM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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OPM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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GNU General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with OPM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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Consult the COPYING file in the top-level source directory of this
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module for the precise wording of the license and the list of
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copyright holders.
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*/
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/*!
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* \file
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*
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* \brief Contains the classes required to extend the black-oil model by energy.
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*/
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#ifndef EWOMS_BLACK_OIL_ENERGY_MODULE_HH
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#define EWOMS_BLACK_OIL_ENERGY_MODULE_HH
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#include "blackoilproperties.hh"
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#include <opm/models/io/vtkblackoilenergymodule.hh>
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#include <opm/models/common/quantitycallbacks.hh>
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#include <opm/material/common/Tabulated1DFunction.hpp>
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#include <opm/material/common/Valgrind.hpp>
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#include <dune/common/fvector.hh>
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#include <string>
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namespace Opm {
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/*!
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* \ingroup BlackOil
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* \brief Contains the high level supplements required to extend the black oil
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* model by energy.
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*/
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template <class TypeTag, bool enableEnergyV = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableEnergy>()>
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class BlackOilEnergyModule
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{
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using Scalar = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>;
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using Evaluation = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Evaluation>;
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using PrimaryVariables = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::PrimaryVariables>;
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using IntensiveQuantities = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::IntensiveQuantities>;
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using ExtensiveQuantities = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ExtensiveQuantities>;
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using Model = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Model>;
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using Simulator = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Simulator>;
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using ElementContext = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ElementContext>;
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using FluidSystem = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluidSystem>;
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using EqVector = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::EqVector>;
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using RateVector = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::RateVector>;
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using Indices = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Indices>;
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static constexpr unsigned temperatureIdx = Indices::temperatureIdx;
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static constexpr unsigned contiEnergyEqIdx = Indices::contiEnergyEqIdx;
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static constexpr unsigned enableEnergy = enableEnergyV;
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static constexpr unsigned numEq = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::NumEq>();
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static constexpr unsigned numPhases = FluidSystem::numPhases;
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public:
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/*!
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* \brief Register all run-time parameters for the black-oil energy module.
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*/
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static void registerParameters()
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy)
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VtkBlackOilEnergyModule<TypeTag>::registerParameters();
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}
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/*!
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* \brief Register all energy specific VTK and ECL output modules.
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*/
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static void registerOutputModules(Model& model,
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Simulator& simulator)
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy)
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model.addOutputModule(new VtkBlackOilEnergyModule<TypeTag>(simulator));
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}
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static bool primaryVarApplies(unsigned pvIdx)
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy)
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return pvIdx == temperatureIdx;
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else
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return false;
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}
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static std::string primaryVarName([[maybe_unused]] unsigned pvIdx)
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{
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assert(primaryVarApplies(pvIdx));
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return "temperature";
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}
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static Scalar primaryVarWeight([[maybe_unused]] unsigned pvIdx)
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{
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assert(primaryVarApplies(pvIdx));
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// TODO: it may be beneficial to chose this differently.
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return static_cast<Scalar>(1.0);
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}
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static bool eqApplies(unsigned eqIdx)
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy)
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return eqIdx == contiEnergyEqIdx;
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else
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return false;
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}
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static std::string eqName([[maybe_unused]] unsigned eqIdx)
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{
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assert(eqApplies(eqIdx));
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return "conti^energy";
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}
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static Scalar eqWeight([[maybe_unused]] unsigned eqIdx)
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{
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assert(eqApplies(eqIdx));
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return 1.0;
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}
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// must be called after water storage is computed
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template <class LhsEval>
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static void addStorage(Dune::FieldVector<LhsEval, numEq>& storage,
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const IntensiveQuantities& intQuants)
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy) {
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const auto& poro = decay<LhsEval>(intQuants.porosity());
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// accumulate the internal energy of the fluids
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const auto& fs = intQuants.fluidState();
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for (unsigned phaseIdx = 0; phaseIdx < numPhases; ++ phaseIdx) {
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if (!FluidSystem::phaseIsActive(phaseIdx))
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continue;
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const auto& u = decay<LhsEval>(fs.internalEnergy(phaseIdx));
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const auto& S = decay<LhsEval>(fs.saturation(phaseIdx));
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const auto& rho = decay<LhsEval>(fs.density(phaseIdx));
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storage[contiEnergyEqIdx] += poro*S*u*rho;
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}
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// add the internal energy of the rock
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Scalar refPoro = intQuants.referencePorosity();
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const auto& uRock = decay<LhsEval>(intQuants.rockInternalEnergy());
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storage[contiEnergyEqIdx] += (1.0 - refPoro)*uRock;
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storage[contiEnergyEqIdx] *= getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::BlackOilEnergyScalingFactor>();
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}
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}
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static void computeFlux([[maybe_unused]] RateVector& flux,
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[[maybe_unused]] const ElementContext& elemCtx,
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[[maybe_unused]] unsigned scvfIdx,
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[[maybe_unused]] unsigned timeIdx)
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy) {
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flux[contiEnergyEqIdx] = 0.0;
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const auto& extQuants = elemCtx.extensiveQuantities(scvfIdx, timeIdx);
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unsigned focusIdx = elemCtx.focusDofIndex();
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for (unsigned phaseIdx = 0; phaseIdx < numPhases; ++phaseIdx) {
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if (!FluidSystem::phaseIsActive(phaseIdx))
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continue;
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unsigned upIdx = extQuants.upstreamIndex(phaseIdx);
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if (upIdx == focusIdx)
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addPhaseEnthalpyFlux_<Evaluation>(flux, phaseIdx, elemCtx, scvfIdx, timeIdx);
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else
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addPhaseEnthalpyFlux_<Scalar>(flux, phaseIdx, elemCtx, scvfIdx, timeIdx);
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}
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// diffusive energy flux
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flux[contiEnergyEqIdx] += extQuants.energyFlux();
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flux[contiEnergyEqIdx] *= getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::BlackOilEnergyScalingFactor>();
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}
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}
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template <class UpstreamEval>
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static void addPhaseEnthalpyFlux_(RateVector& flux,
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unsigned phaseIdx,
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const ElementContext& elemCtx,
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unsigned scvfIdx,
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unsigned timeIdx)
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{
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const auto& extQuants = elemCtx.extensiveQuantities(scvfIdx, timeIdx);
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unsigned upIdx = extQuants.upstreamIndex(phaseIdx);
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const auto& up = elemCtx.intensiveQuantities(upIdx, timeIdx);
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const auto& fs = up.fluidState();
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const auto& volFlux = extQuants.volumeFlux(phaseIdx);
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flux[contiEnergyEqIdx] +=
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decay<UpstreamEval>(fs.enthalpy(phaseIdx))
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* decay<UpstreamEval>(fs.density(phaseIdx))
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* volFlux;
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}
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static void addToEnthalpyRate(RateVector& flux,
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const Evaluation& hRate)
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy)
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flux[contiEnergyEqIdx] += hRate;
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}
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/*!
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* \brief Assign the energy specific primary variables to a PrimaryVariables object
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*/
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static void assignPrimaryVars(PrimaryVariables& priVars,
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Scalar)
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy)
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priVars[temperatureIdx] = temperatureIdx;
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}
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/*!
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* \brief Assign the energy specific primary variables to a PrimaryVariables object
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*/
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template <class FluidState>
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static void assignPrimaryVars(PrimaryVariables& priVars,
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const FluidState& fluidState)
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy)
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priVars[temperatureIdx] = fluidState.temperature(/*phaseIdx=*/0);
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}
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/*!
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* \brief Do a Newton-Raphson update the primary variables of the energys.
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*/
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static void updatePrimaryVars(PrimaryVariables& newPv,
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const PrimaryVariables& oldPv,
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const EqVector& delta)
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy)
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// do a plain unchopped Newton update
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newPv[temperatureIdx] = oldPv[temperatureIdx] - delta[temperatureIdx];
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}
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/*!
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* \brief Return how much a Newton-Raphson update is considered an error
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*/
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static Scalar computeUpdateError(const PrimaryVariables&,
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const EqVector&)
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{
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// do not consider consider the cange of energy primary variables for
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// convergence
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// TODO: maybe this should be changed
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return static_cast<Scalar>(0.0);
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}
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/*!
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* \brief Return how much a residual is considered an error
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*/
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static Scalar computeResidualError(const EqVector& resid)
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{
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// do not weight the residual of energy when it comes to convergence
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return std::abs(scalarValue(resid[contiEnergyEqIdx]));
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}
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template <class DofEntity>
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static void serializeEntity(const Model& model, std::ostream& outstream, const DofEntity& dof)
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy) {
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unsigned dofIdx = model.dofMapper().index(dof);
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const PrimaryVariables& priVars = model.solution(/*timeIdx=*/0)[dofIdx];
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outstream << priVars[temperatureIdx];
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}
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}
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template <class DofEntity>
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static void deserializeEntity(Model& model, std::istream& instream, const DofEntity& dof)
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{
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if constexpr (enableEnergy) {
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unsigned dofIdx = model.dofMapper().index(dof);
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PrimaryVariables& priVars0 = model.solution(/*timeIdx=*/0)[dofIdx];
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PrimaryVariables& priVars1 = model.solution(/*timeIdx=*/1)[dofIdx];
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instream >> priVars0[temperatureIdx];
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// set the primary variables for the beginning of the current time step.
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priVars1 = priVars0[temperatureIdx];
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}
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}
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};
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/*!
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* \ingroup BlackOil
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* \class Opm::BlackOilEnergyIntensiveQuantities
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*
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* \brief Provides the volumetric quantities required for the equations needed by the
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* energys extension of the black-oil model.
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*/
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template <class TypeTag, bool enableEnergyV = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableEnergy>()>
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class BlackOilEnergyIntensiveQuantities
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{
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using Implementation = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::IntensiveQuantities>;
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using Scalar = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>;
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using Evaluation = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Evaluation>;
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using PrimaryVariables = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::PrimaryVariables>;
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using FluidSystem = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluidSystem>;
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using SolidEnergyLaw = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::SolidEnergyLaw>;
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using ThermalConductionLaw = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ThermalConductionLaw>;
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using Indices = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Indices>;
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using ElementContext = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ElementContext>;
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using EnergyModule = BlackOilEnergyModule<TypeTag>;
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enum { numPhases = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::NumPhases>() };
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static constexpr int temperatureIdx = Indices::temperatureIdx;
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static constexpr int waterPhaseIdx = FluidSystem::waterPhaseIdx;
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public:
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/*!
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* \brief Update the temperature of the intensive quantity's fluid state
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*
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*/
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void updateTemperature_(const ElementContext& elemCtx,
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unsigned dofIdx,
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unsigned timeIdx)
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{
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auto& fs = asImp_().fluidState_;
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const auto& priVars = elemCtx.primaryVars(dofIdx, timeIdx);
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// set temperature
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fs.setTemperature(priVars.makeEvaluation(temperatureIdx, timeIdx, elemCtx.linearizationType()));
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}
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/*!
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* \brief Compute the intensive quantities needed to handle energy conservation
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*
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*/
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void updateEnergyQuantities_(const ElementContext& elemCtx,
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unsigned dofIdx,
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unsigned timeIdx,
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const typename FluidSystem::template ParameterCache<Evaluation>& paramCache)
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{
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auto& fs = asImp_().fluidState_;
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// compute the specific enthalpy of the fluids, the specific enthalpy of the rock
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// and the thermal condictivity coefficients
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for (int phaseIdx = 0; phaseIdx < numPhases; ++ phaseIdx) {
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if (!FluidSystem::phaseIsActive(phaseIdx)) {
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continue;
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}
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const auto& h = FluidSystem::enthalpy(fs, paramCache, phaseIdx);
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fs.setEnthalpy(phaseIdx, h);
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}
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const auto& solidEnergyLawParams = elemCtx.problem().solidEnergyLawParams(elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
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rockInternalEnergy_ = SolidEnergyLaw::solidInternalEnergy(solidEnergyLawParams, fs);
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const auto& thermalConductionLawParams = elemCtx.problem().thermalConductionLawParams(elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
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totalThermalConductivity_ = ThermalConductionLaw::thermalConductivity(thermalConductionLawParams, fs);
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}
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const Evaluation& rockInternalEnergy() const
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{ return rockInternalEnergy_; }
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const Evaluation& totalThermalConductivity() const
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{ return totalThermalConductivity_; }
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protected:
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Implementation& asImp_()
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{ return *static_cast<Implementation*>(this); }
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Evaluation rockInternalEnergy_;
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Evaluation totalThermalConductivity_;
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};
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template <class TypeTag>
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class BlackOilEnergyIntensiveQuantities<TypeTag, false>
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{
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using Implementation = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::IntensiveQuantities>;
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using Evaluation = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Evaluation>;
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using ElementContext = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ElementContext>;
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using FluidSystem = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluidSystem>;
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using Scalar = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>;
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static constexpr bool enableTemperature = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableTemperature>();
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public:
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void updateTemperature_([[maybe_unused]] const ElementContext& elemCtx,
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[[maybe_unused]] unsigned dofIdx,
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[[maybe_unused]] unsigned timeIdx)
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{
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if constexpr (enableTemperature) {
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// even if energy is conserved, the temperature can vary over the spatial
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// domain if the EnableTemperature property is set to true
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auto& fs = asImp_().fluidState_;
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Scalar T = elemCtx.problem().temperature(elemCtx, dofIdx, timeIdx);
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fs.setTemperature(T);
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}
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}
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void updateEnergyQuantities_(const ElementContext&,
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unsigned,
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unsigned,
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const typename FluidSystem::template ParameterCache<Evaluation>&)
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{ }
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const Evaluation& rockInternalEnergy() const
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{ throw std::logic_error("Requested the rock internal energy, which is "
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"unavailable because energy is not conserved"); }
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const Evaluation& totalThermalConductivity() const
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{ throw std::logic_error("Requested the total thermal conductivity, which is "
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"unavailable because energy is not conserved"); }
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protected:
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Implementation& asImp_()
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{ return *static_cast<Implementation*>(this); }
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};
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/*!
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* \ingroup BlackOil
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* \class Opm::BlackOilEnergyExtensiveQuantities
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*
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* \brief Provides the energy specific extensive quantities to the generic black-oil
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* module's extensive quantities.
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*/
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template <class TypeTag, bool enableEnergyV = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableEnergy>()>
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class BlackOilEnergyExtensiveQuantities
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{
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using Implementation = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ExtensiveQuantities>;
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using Scalar = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>;
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using Evaluation = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Evaluation>;
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using ElementContext = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ElementContext>;
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using IntensiveQuantities = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::IntensiveQuantities>;
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using ExtensiveQuantities = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ExtensiveQuantities>;
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using FluidSystem = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluidSystem>;
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using GridView = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::GridView>;
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using Toolbox = MathToolbox<Evaluation>;
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using EnergyModule = BlackOilEnergyModule<TypeTag>;
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static const int dimWorld = GridView::dimensionworld;
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using DimVector = Dune::FieldVector<Scalar, dimWorld>;
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using DimEvalVector = Dune::FieldVector<Evaluation, dimWorld>;
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public:
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void updateEnergy(const ElementContext& elemCtx,
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unsigned scvfIdx,
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unsigned timeIdx)
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{
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const auto& stencil = elemCtx.stencil(timeIdx);
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const auto& scvf = stencil.interiorFace(scvfIdx);
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Scalar faceArea = scvf.area();
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unsigned inIdx = scvf.interiorIndex();
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unsigned exIdx = scvf.exteriorIndex();
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const auto& inIq = elemCtx.intensiveQuantities(inIdx, timeIdx);
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const auto& exIq = elemCtx.intensiveQuantities(exIdx, timeIdx);
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const auto& inFs = inIq.fluidState();
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const auto& exFs = exIq.fluidState();
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Evaluation deltaT;
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if (elemCtx.focusDofIndex() == inIdx)
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deltaT =
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decay<Scalar>(exFs.temperature(/*phaseIdx=*/0))
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- inFs.temperature(/*phaseIdx=*/0);
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else if (elemCtx.focusDofIndex() == exIdx)
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deltaT =
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exFs.temperature(/*phaseIdx=*/0)
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- decay<Scalar>(inFs.temperature(/*phaseIdx=*/0));
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else
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deltaT =
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decay<Scalar>(exFs.temperature(/*phaseIdx=*/0))
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- decay<Scalar>(inFs.temperature(/*phaseIdx=*/0));
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Evaluation inLambda;
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if (elemCtx.focusDofIndex() == inIdx)
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inLambda = inIq.totalThermalConductivity();
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else
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inLambda = decay<Scalar>(inIq.totalThermalConductivity());
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Evaluation exLambda;
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if (elemCtx.focusDofIndex() == exIdx)
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exLambda = exIq.totalThermalConductivity();
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else
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exLambda = decay<Scalar>(exIq.totalThermalConductivity());
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auto distVec = elemCtx.pos(exIdx, timeIdx);
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distVec -= elemCtx.pos(inIdx, timeIdx);
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Evaluation H;
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if (inLambda > 0.0 && exLambda > 0.0) {
|
|
// compute the "thermal transmissibility". In contrast to the normal
|
|
// transmissibility this cannot be done as a preprocessing step because the
|
|
// average thermal thermal conductivity is analogous to the permeability but
|
|
// depends on the solution.
|
|
Scalar inAlpha = elemCtx.problem().thermalHalfTransmissibilityIn(elemCtx, scvfIdx, timeIdx);
|
|
Scalar outAlpha = elemCtx.problem().thermalHalfTransmissibilityOut(elemCtx, scvfIdx, timeIdx);
|
|
const Evaluation& inH = inLambda*inAlpha;
|
|
const Evaluation& exH = exLambda*outAlpha;
|
|
H = 1.0/(1.0/inH + 1.0/exH);
|
|
}
|
|
else
|
|
H = 0.0;
|
|
|
|
energyFlux_ = deltaT * (-H/faceArea);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
template <class Context, class BoundaryFluidState>
|
|
void updateEnergyBoundary(const Context& ctx,
|
|
unsigned scvfIdx,
|
|
unsigned timeIdx,
|
|
const BoundaryFluidState& boundaryFs)
|
|
{
|
|
const auto& stencil = ctx.stencil(timeIdx);
|
|
const auto& scvf = stencil.boundaryFace(scvfIdx);
|
|
|
|
unsigned inIdx = scvf.interiorIndex();
|
|
const auto& inIq = ctx.intensiveQuantities(inIdx, timeIdx);
|
|
const auto& inFs = inIq.fluidState();
|
|
|
|
Evaluation deltaT;
|
|
if (ctx.focusDofIndex() == inIdx)
|
|
deltaT =
|
|
boundaryFs.temperature(/*phaseIdx=*/0)
|
|
- inFs.temperature(/*phaseIdx=*/0);
|
|
else
|
|
deltaT =
|
|
decay<Scalar>(boundaryFs.temperature(/*phaseIdx=*/0))
|
|
- decay<Scalar>(inFs.temperature(/*phaseIdx=*/0));
|
|
|
|
Evaluation lambda;
|
|
if (ctx.focusDofIndex() == inIdx)
|
|
lambda = inIq.totalThermalConductivity();
|
|
else
|
|
lambda = decay<Scalar>(inIq.totalThermalConductivity());
|
|
|
|
auto distVec = scvf.integrationPos();
|
|
distVec -= ctx.pos(inIdx, timeIdx);
|
|
|
|
if (lambda > 0.0) {
|
|
// compute the "thermal transmissibility". In contrast to the normal
|
|
// transmissibility this cannot be done as a preprocessing step because the
|
|
// average thermal conductivity is analogous to the permeability but depends
|
|
// on the solution.
|
|
Scalar alpha = ctx.problem().thermalHalfTransmissibilityBoundary(ctx, scvfIdx);
|
|
energyFlux_ = deltaT*lambda*(-alpha);
|
|
}
|
|
else
|
|
energyFlux_ = 0.0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
const Evaluation& energyFlux() const
|
|
{ return energyFlux_; }
|
|
|
|
private:
|
|
Implementation& asImp_()
|
|
{ return *static_cast<Implementation*>(this); }
|
|
|
|
Evaluation energyFlux_;
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
template <class TypeTag>
|
|
class BlackOilEnergyExtensiveQuantities<TypeTag, false>
|
|
{
|
|
using ElementContext = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::ElementContext>;
|
|
using Evaluation = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Evaluation>;
|
|
|
|
public:
|
|
void updateEnergy(const ElementContext&,
|
|
unsigned,
|
|
unsigned)
|
|
{}
|
|
|
|
template <class Context, class BoundaryFluidState>
|
|
void updateEnergyBoundary(const Context&,
|
|
unsigned,
|
|
unsigned,
|
|
const BoundaryFluidState&)
|
|
{}
|
|
|
|
const Evaluation& energyFlux() const
|
|
{ throw std::logic_error("Requested the energy flux, but energy is not conserved"); }
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
|
|
} // namespace Opm
|
|
|
|
#endif
|