mirror of
https://github.com/OPM/opm-simulators.git
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431 lines
18 KiB
C++
431 lines
18 KiB
C++
// -*- mode: C++; tab-width: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 4 -*-
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// vi: set et ts=4 sw=4 sts=4:
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/*
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This file is part of the Open Porous Media project (OPM).
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OPM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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OPM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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GNU General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with OPM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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Consult the COPYING file in the top-level source directory of this
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module for the precise wording of the license and the list of
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copyright holders.
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*/
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/*!
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* \file
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*
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* \copydoc Opm::BlackOilNewtonMethod
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*/
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#ifndef EWOMS_BLACK_OIL_NEWTON_METHOD_HH
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#define EWOMS_BLACK_OIL_NEWTON_METHOD_HH
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#include "blackoilproperties.hh"
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#include <opm/models/utils/signum.hh>
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#include <opm/models/nonlinear/newtonmethod.hh>
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#include "blackoilmicpmodules.hh"
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#include <opm/material/common/Unused.hpp>
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namespace Opm::Properties {
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template <class TypeTag, class MyTypeTag>
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struct DiscNewtonMethod;
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template<class TypeTag, class MyTypeTag>
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struct DpMaxRel { using type = UndefinedProperty; };
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template<class TypeTag, class MyTypeTag>
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struct DsMax { using type = UndefinedProperty; };
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template<class TypeTag, class MyTypeTag>
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struct PriVarOscilationThreshold { using type = UndefinedProperty; };
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template<class TypeTag, class MyTypeTag>
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struct ProjectSaturations { using type = UndefinedProperty; };
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template<class TypeTag, class MyTypeTag>
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struct MaxTemperatureChange { using type = UndefinedProperty; };
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template<class TypeTag, class MyTypeTag>
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struct TemperatureMax { using type = UndefinedProperty; };
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template<class TypeTag, class MyTypeTag>
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struct TemperatureMin { using type = UndefinedProperty; };
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template<class TypeTag>
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struct DpMaxRel<TypeTag, TTag::NewtonMethod>
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{
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using type = GetPropType<TypeTag, Scalar>;
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static constexpr type value = 0.3;
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};
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template<class TypeTag>
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struct DsMax<TypeTag, TTag::NewtonMethod>
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{
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using type = GetPropType<TypeTag, Scalar>;
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static constexpr type value = 0.2;
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};
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template<class TypeTag>
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struct PriVarOscilationThreshold<TypeTag, TTag::NewtonMethod>
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{
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using type = GetPropType<TypeTag, Scalar>;
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static constexpr type value = 1e-5;
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};
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template<class TypeTag>
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struct ProjectSaturations<TypeTag, TTag::NewtonMethod> { static constexpr bool value = false; };
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template<class TypeTag>
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struct MaxTemperatureChange<TypeTag, TTag::NewtonMethod>
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{
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using type = GetPropType<TypeTag, Scalar>;
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static constexpr type value = 5; //Kelvin
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};
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template<class TypeTag>
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struct TemperatureMax<TypeTag, TTag::NewtonMethod>
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{
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using type = GetPropType<TypeTag, Scalar>;
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static constexpr type value = 400; //Kelvin
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};
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template<class TypeTag>
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struct TemperatureMin<TypeTag, TTag::NewtonMethod>
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{
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using type = GetPropType<TypeTag, Scalar>;
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static constexpr type value = 280; //Kelvin
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};
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} // namespace Opm::Properties
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namespace Opm {
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/*!
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* \ingroup BlackOilModel
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*
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* \brief A newton solver which is specific to the black oil model.
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*/
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template <class TypeTag>
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class BlackOilNewtonMethod : public GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::DiscNewtonMethod>
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{
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using ParentType = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::DiscNewtonMethod>;
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using Simulator = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Simulator>;
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using SolutionVector = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::SolutionVector>;
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using GlobalEqVector = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::GlobalEqVector>;
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using PrimaryVariables = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::PrimaryVariables>;
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using EqVector = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::EqVector>;
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using Indices = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Indices>;
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using FluidSystem = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluidSystem>;
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using Scalar = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>;
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using Linearizer = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Linearizer>;
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using MICPModule = BlackOilMICPModule<TypeTag>;
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static const unsigned numEq = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::NumEq>();
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public:
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BlackOilNewtonMethod(Simulator& simulator) : ParentType(simulator)
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{
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priVarOscilationThreshold_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, PriVarOscilationThreshold);
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dpMaxRel_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, DpMaxRel);
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dsMax_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, DsMax);
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projectSaturations_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, bool, ProjectSaturations);
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maxTempChange_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, MaxTemperatureChange);
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tempMax_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, TemperatureMax);
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tempMin_ = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, TemperatureMin);
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}
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/*!
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* \copydoc NewtonMethod::finishInit()
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*/
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void finishInit()
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{
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ParentType::finishInit();
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wasSwitched_.resize(this->model().numTotalDof());
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std::fill(wasSwitched_.begin(), wasSwitched_.end(), false);
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}
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/*!
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* \brief Register all run-time parameters for the immiscible model.
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*/
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static void registerParameters()
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{
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ParentType::registerParameters();
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EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, DpMaxRel, "Maximum relative change of pressure in a single iteration");
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EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, DsMax, "Maximum absolute change of any saturation in a single iteration");
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EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, PriVarOscilationThreshold,
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"The threshold value for the primary variable switching conditions after its meaning has switched to hinder oscilations");
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EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag,bool, ProjectSaturations, "Option for doing saturation projection");
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EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, MaxTemperatureChange, "Maximum absolute change of temperature in a single iteration");
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EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, TemperatureMax, "Maximum absolute temperature");
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EWOMS_REGISTER_PARAM(TypeTag, Scalar, TemperatureMin, "Minimum absolute temperature");
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}
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/*!
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* \brief Returns the number of degrees of freedom for which the
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* interpretation has changed for the most recent iteration.
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*/
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unsigned numPriVarsSwitched() const
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{ return numPriVarsSwitched_; }
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protected:
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friend NewtonMethod<TypeTag>;
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friend ParentType;
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/*!
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* \copydoc FvBaseNewtonMethod::beginIteration_
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*/
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void beginIteration_()
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{
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numPriVarsSwitched_ = 0;
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ParentType::beginIteration_();
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}
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/*!
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* \copydoc FvBaseNewtonMethod::endIteration_
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*/
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void endIteration_(SolutionVector& uCurrentIter,
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const SolutionVector& uLastIter)
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{
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#if HAVE_MPI
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// in the MPI enabled case we need to add up the number of DOF
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// for which the interpretation changed over all processes.
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int localSwitched = numPriVarsSwitched_;
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MPI_Allreduce(&localSwitched,
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&numPriVarsSwitched_,
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/*num=*/1,
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MPI_INT,
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MPI_SUM,
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MPI_COMM_WORLD);
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#endif // HAVE_MPI
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this->simulator_.model().newtonMethod().endIterMsg()
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<< ", num switched=" << numPriVarsSwitched_;
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ParentType::endIteration_(uCurrentIter, uLastIter);
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}
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public:
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void update_(SolutionVector& nextSolution,
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const SolutionVector& currentSolution,
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const GlobalEqVector& solutionUpdate,
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const GlobalEqVector& currentResidual)
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{
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const auto& comm = this->simulator_.gridView().comm();
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int succeeded;
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try {
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ParentType::update_(nextSolution,
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currentSolution,
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solutionUpdate,
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currentResidual);
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succeeded = 1;
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}
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catch (...) {
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std::cout << "Newton update threw an exception on rank "
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<< comm.rank() << "\n";
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succeeded = 0;
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}
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succeeded = comm.min(succeeded);
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if (!succeeded)
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throw NumericalIssue("A process did not succeed in adapting the primary variables");
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numPriVarsSwitched_ = comm.sum(numPriVarsSwitched_);
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}
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protected:
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/*!
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* \copydoc FvBaseNewtonMethod::updatePrimaryVariables_
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*/
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void updatePrimaryVariables_(unsigned globalDofIdx,
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PrimaryVariables& nextValue,
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const PrimaryVariables& currentValue,
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const EqVector& update,
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const EqVector& currentResidual)
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{
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static constexpr bool enableSolvent = Indices::solventSaturationIdx >= 0;
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static constexpr bool enableExtbo = Indices::zFractionIdx >= 0;
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static constexpr bool enablePolymer = Indices::polymerConcentrationIdx >= 0;
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static constexpr bool enablePolymerWeight = Indices::polymerMoleWeightIdx >= 0;
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static constexpr bool enableEnergy = Indices::temperatureIdx >= 0;
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static constexpr bool enableFoam = Indices::foamConcentrationIdx >= 0;
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static constexpr bool enableBrine = Indices::saltConcentrationIdx >= 0;
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static constexpr bool compositionSwitchEnabled = Indices::compositionSwitchIdx >= 0;
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static constexpr bool enableMICP = Indices::microbialConcentrationIdx >= 0;
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currentValue.checkDefined();
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Valgrind::CheckDefined(update);
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Valgrind::CheckDefined(currentResidual);
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// saturation delta for each phase
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Scalar deltaSw = 0.0;
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Scalar deltaSo = 0.0;
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Scalar deltaSg = 0.0;
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Scalar deltaSs = 0.0;
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if (Indices::waterEnabled && FluidSystem::numActivePhases() > 1) {
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deltaSw = update[Indices::waterSaturationIdx];
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deltaSo = -deltaSw;
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}
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if (compositionSwitchEnabled && currentValue.primaryVarsMeaning() == PrimaryVariables::Sw_po_Sg) {
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deltaSg = update[Indices::compositionSwitchIdx];
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deltaSo -= deltaSg;
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}
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if (enableSolvent) {
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deltaSs = update[Indices::solventSaturationIdx];
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deltaSo -= deltaSs;
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}
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// maximum saturation delta
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Scalar maxSatDelta = std::max(std::abs(deltaSg), std::abs(deltaSo));
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maxSatDelta = std::max(maxSatDelta, std::abs(deltaSw));
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maxSatDelta = std::max(maxSatDelta, std::abs(deltaSs));
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// scaling factor for saturation deltas to make sure that none of them exceeds
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// the specified threshold value.
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Scalar satAlpha = 1.0;
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if (maxSatDelta > dsMax_)
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satAlpha = dsMax_/maxSatDelta;
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for (int pvIdx = 0; pvIdx < int(numEq); ++pvIdx) {
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// calculate the update of the current primary variable. For the black-oil
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// model we limit the pressure delta relative to the pressure's current
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// absolute value (Default: 30%) and saturation deltas to an absolute change
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// (Default: 20%). Further, we ensure that the R factors, solvent
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// "saturation" and polymer concentration do not become negative after the
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// update.
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Scalar delta = update[pvIdx];
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// limit pressure delta
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if (pvIdx == Indices::pressureSwitchIdx) {
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if (std::abs(delta) > dpMaxRel_*currentValue[pvIdx])
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delta = signum(delta)*dpMaxRel_*currentValue[pvIdx];
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}
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// water saturation delta
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else if (pvIdx == Indices::waterSaturationIdx)
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delta *= satAlpha;
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else if (pvIdx == Indices::compositionSwitchIdx) {
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// the switching primary variable for composition is tricky because the
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// "reasonable" value ranges it exhibits vary widely depending on its
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// interpretation since it can represent Sg, Rs or Rv. For now, we only
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// limit saturation deltas and ensure that the R factors do not become
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// negative.
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if (currentValue.primaryVarsMeaning() == PrimaryVariables::Sw_po_Sg)
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delta *= satAlpha;
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else {
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if (delta > currentValue[Indices::compositionSwitchIdx])
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delta = currentValue[Indices::compositionSwitchIdx];
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}
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}
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else if (enableSolvent && pvIdx == Indices::solventSaturationIdx)
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// solvent saturation updates are also subject to the Appleyard chop
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delta *= satAlpha;
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else if (enableExtbo && pvIdx == Indices::zFractionIdx) {
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// z fraction updates are also subject to the Appleyard chop
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if (delta > currentValue[Indices::zFractionIdx])
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delta = currentValue[Indices::zFractionIdx];
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if (delta < currentValue[Indices::zFractionIdx]-1.0)
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delta = currentValue[Indices::zFractionIdx]-1.0;
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}
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else if (enablePolymerWeight && pvIdx == Indices::polymerMoleWeightIdx) {
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const double sign = delta >= 0. ? 1. : -1.;
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// maximum change of polymer molecular weight, the unit is MDa.
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// applying this limit to stabilize the simulation. The value itself is still experimental.
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const double maxMolarWeightChange = 100.0;
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delta = sign * std::min(std::abs(delta), maxMolarWeightChange);
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delta *= satAlpha;
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}
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else if (enableEnergy && pvIdx == Indices::temperatureIdx) {
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const double sign = delta >= 0. ? 1. : -1.;
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delta = sign * std::min(std::abs(delta), maxTempChange_);
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}
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// do the actual update
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nextValue[pvIdx] = currentValue[pvIdx] - delta;
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// keep the solvent saturation between 0 and 1
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if (enableSolvent && pvIdx == Indices::solventSaturationIdx)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::min(std::max(nextValue[pvIdx], 0.0), 1.0);
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// keep the z fraction between 0 and 1
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if (enableExtbo && pvIdx == Indices::zFractionIdx)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::min(std::max(nextValue[pvIdx], 0.0), 1.0);
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// keep the polymer concentration above 0
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if (enablePolymer && pvIdx == Indices::polymerConcentrationIdx)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::max(nextValue[pvIdx], 0.0);
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if (enablePolymerWeight && pvIdx == Indices::polymerMoleWeightIdx) {
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::max(nextValue[pvIdx], 0.0);
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const double polymerConcentration = nextValue[Indices::polymerConcentrationIdx];
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if (polymerConcentration < 1.e-10)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = 0.0;
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}
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// keep the foam concentration above 0
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if (enableFoam && pvIdx == Indices::foamConcentrationIdx)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::max(nextValue[pvIdx], 0.0);
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// keep the salt concentration above 0
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if (enableBrine && pvIdx == Indices::saltConcentrationIdx)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::max(nextValue[pvIdx], 0.0);
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// keep the temperature within given values
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if (enableEnergy && pvIdx == Indices::temperatureIdx)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::clamp(nextValue[pvIdx], tempMin_, tempMax_);
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// Limit the variables to [0, cmax] values to improve the convergence.
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// For the microorganisms we set this value equal to the biomass density value.
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// For the oxygen and urea we set this value to the maximum injected
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// concentration (the urea concentration has been scaled by 10). For
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// the biofilm and calcite, we set this value equal to the porosity minus the clogging tolerance.
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if (enableMICP && pvIdx == Indices::microbialConcentrationIdx)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::clamp(nextValue[pvIdx], 0.0, MICPModule::MICPparaDensityBiofilm());
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if (enableMICP && pvIdx == Indices::oxygenConcentrationIdx)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::clamp(nextValue[pvIdx], 0.0, MICPModule::MICPparaMaximumOxygenConcentration());
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if (enableMICP && pvIdx == Indices::ureaConcentrationIdx)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::clamp(nextValue[pvIdx], 0.0, MICPModule::MICPparaMaximumUreaConcentration());
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if (enableMICP && pvIdx == Indices::biofilmConcentrationIdx)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::clamp(nextValue[pvIdx], 0.0, MICPModule::phi()[globalDofIdx] - MICPModule::MICPparaToleranceBeforeClogging());
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if (enableMICP && pvIdx == Indices::calciteConcentrationIdx)
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nextValue[pvIdx] = std::clamp(nextValue[pvIdx], 0.0, MICPModule::phi()[globalDofIdx] - MICPModule::MICPparaToleranceBeforeClogging());
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}
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// switch the new primary variables to something which is physically meaningful.
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// use a threshold value after a switch to make it harder to switch back
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// immediately.
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if (wasSwitched_[globalDofIdx])
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wasSwitched_[globalDofIdx] = nextValue.adaptPrimaryVariables(this->problem(), globalDofIdx, priVarOscilationThreshold_);
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else
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wasSwitched_[globalDofIdx] = nextValue.adaptPrimaryVariables(this->problem(), globalDofIdx);
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if (wasSwitched_[globalDofIdx])
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++ numPriVarsSwitched_;
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if(projectSaturations_){
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nextValue.chopAndNormalizeSaturations();
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}
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nextValue.checkDefined();
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}
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private:
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int numPriVarsSwitched_;
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Scalar priVarOscilationThreshold_;
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Scalar dpMaxRel_;
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Scalar dsMax_;
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bool projectSaturations_;
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Scalar maxTempChange_;
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Scalar tempMax_;
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Scalar tempMin_;
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// keep track of cells where the primary variable meaning has changed
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// to detect and hinder oscillations
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std::vector<bool> wasSwitched_;
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};
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} // namespace Opm
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#endif
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