mirror of
https://github.com/OPM/opm-simulators.git
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733 lines
32 KiB
C++
733 lines
32 KiB
C++
/*
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Copyright 2017 SINTEF Digital, Mathematics and Cybernetics.
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Copyright 2017 Statoil ASA.
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Copyright 2017 IRIS
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Copyright 2019 Norce
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This file is part of the Open Porous Media project (OPM).
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OPM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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OPM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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GNU General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with OPM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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*/
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#ifndef OPM_WELLINTERFACE_HEADER_INCLUDED
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#define OPM_WELLINTERFACE_HEADER_INCLUDED
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#include <opm/common/OpmLog/OpmLog.hpp>
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#include <opm/common/ErrorMacros.hpp>
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#include <opm/common/Exceptions.hpp>
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#include <opm/parser/eclipse/EclipseState/Schedule/Well/Well.hpp>
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#include <opm/parser/eclipse/EclipseState/Schedule/Well/WellTestState.hpp>
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#include <opm/parser/eclipse/EclipseState/Schedule/Group/GuideRate.hpp>
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#include <opm/core/props/BlackoilPhases.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/RateConverter.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/VFPProperties.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/WellHelpers.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/WellGroupHelpers.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/WellProdIndexCalculator.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/WellStateFullyImplicitBlackoil.hpp>
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// NOTE: GasLiftSingleWell.hpp includes StandardWell.hpp which includes ourself
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// (WellInterface.hpp), so we need to forward declare GasLiftSingleWell
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// for it to be defined in this file. Similar for BlackoilWellModel
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namespace Opm {
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template<typename TypeTag> class GasLiftSingleWell;
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template<typename TypeTag> class BlackoilWellModel;
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}
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/GasLiftSingleWell.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/wells/BlackoilWellModel.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/flow/BlackoilModelParametersEbos.hpp>
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#include <opm/simulators/utils/DeferredLogger.hpp>
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#include<dune/common/fmatrix.hh>
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#include<dune/istl/bcrsmatrix.hh>
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#include<dune/istl/matrixmatrix.hh>
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#include <opm/material/densead/Math.hpp>
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#include <opm/material/densead/Evaluation.hpp>
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#include <string>
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#include <memory>
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#include <vector>
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#include <cassert>
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namespace Opm
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{
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template<typename TypeTag>
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class WellInterface
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{
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public:
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using WellState = WellStateFullyImplicitBlackoil;
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using ModelParameters = BlackoilModelParametersEbos<TypeTag>;
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static const int Water = BlackoilPhases::Aqua;
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static const int Oil = BlackoilPhases::Liquid;
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static const int Gas = BlackoilPhases::Vapour;
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using Grid = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Grid>;
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using Simulator = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Simulator>;
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using FluidSystem = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::FluidSystem>;
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using Indices = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Indices>;
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using IntensiveQuantities = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::IntensiveQuantities>;
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using MaterialLaw = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::MaterialLaw>;
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using SparseMatrixAdapter = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::SparseMatrixAdapter>;
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using RateVector = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::RateVector>;
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using GasLiftSingleWell = ::Opm::GasLiftSingleWell<TypeTag>;
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using GLiftOptWells = typename BlackoilWellModel<TypeTag>::GLiftOptWells;
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using GLiftProdWells = typename BlackoilWellModel<TypeTag>::GLiftProdWells;
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using GLiftWellStateMap =
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typename BlackoilWellModel<TypeTag>::GLiftWellStateMap;
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static const int numEq = Indices::numEq;
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static const int numPhases = Indices::numPhases;
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using Scalar = GetPropType<TypeTag, Properties::Scalar>;
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using VectorBlockType = Dune::FieldVector<Scalar, numEq>;
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using MatrixBlockType = Dune::FieldMatrix<Scalar, numEq, numEq>;
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using BVector = Dune::BlockVector<VectorBlockType>;
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using Eval = DenseAd::Evaluation<Scalar, /*size=*/numEq>;
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static constexpr bool has_solvent = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableSolvent>();
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static constexpr bool has_zFraction = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableExtbo>();
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static constexpr bool has_polymer = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnablePolymer>();
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static const bool has_energy = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableEnergy>();
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static const bool has_temperature = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableTemperature>();
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// flag for polymer molecular weight related
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static const bool has_polymermw = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnablePolymerMW>();
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static constexpr bool has_foam = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableFoam>();
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static constexpr bool has_brine = getPropValue<TypeTag, Properties::EnableBrine>();
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static const int contiSolventEqIdx = Indices::contiSolventEqIdx;
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static const int contiZfracEqIdx = Indices::contiZfracEqIdx;
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static const int contiPolymerEqIdx = Indices::contiPolymerEqIdx;
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// index for the polymer molecular weight continuity equation
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static const int contiPolymerMWEqIdx = Indices::contiPolymerMWEqIdx;
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static const int contiFoamEqIdx = Indices::contiFoamEqIdx;
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static const int contiBrineEqIdx = Indices::contiBrineEqIdx;
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// For the conversion between the surface volume rate and reservoir voidage rate
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using RateConverterType = RateConverter::
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SurfaceToReservoirVoidage<FluidSystem, std::vector<int> >;
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static const bool compositionSwitchEnabled = Indices::gasEnabled;
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using FluidState = BlackOilFluidState<Eval,
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FluidSystem,
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has_temperature,
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has_energy,
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compositionSwitchEnabled,
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has_brine,
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Indices::numPhases >;
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/// Constructor
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WellInterface(const Well& well,
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const ParallelWellInfo& pw_info,
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const int time_step,
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const ModelParameters& param,
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const RateConverterType& rate_converter,
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const int pvtRegionIdx,
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const int num_components,
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const int num_phases,
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const int index_of_well,
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const int first_perf_index,
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const std::vector<PerforationData>& perf_data);
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/// Virutal destructor
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virtual ~WellInterface() {}
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/// Well name.
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const std::string& name() const;
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/// True if the well is an injector.
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bool isInjector() const;
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/// True if the well is a producer.
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bool isProducer() const;
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/// Index of well in the wells struct and wellState
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int indexOfWell() const;
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/// Well cells.
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const std::vector<int>& cells() const {return well_cells_; }
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void setVFPProperties(const VFPProperties* vfp_properties_arg);
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void setGuideRate(const GuideRate* guide_rate_arg);
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virtual void init(const PhaseUsage* phase_usage_arg,
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const std::vector<double>& depth_arg,
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const double gravity_arg,
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const int num_cells,
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const std::vector< Scalar >& B_avg);
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virtual void initPrimaryVariablesEvaluation() const = 0;
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virtual ConvergenceReport getWellConvergence(const WellState& well_state, const std::vector<double>& B_avg, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger, const bool relax_tolerance = false) const = 0;
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virtual void solveEqAndUpdateWellState(WellState& well_state, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) = 0;
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void assembleWellEq(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const double dt,
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WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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virtual void gasLiftOptimizationStage1 (
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WellState& well_state,
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const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger,
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GLiftProdWells& prod_wells,
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GLiftOptWells& glift_wells,
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GLiftWellStateMap& state_map
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) const = 0;
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void updateWellTestState(const WellState& well_state,
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const double& simulationTime,
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const bool& writeMessageToOPMLog,
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WellTestState& wellTestState,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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void setWellEfficiencyFactor(const double efficiency_factor);
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void setRepRadiusPerfLength(const std::vector<int>& cartesian_to_compressed);
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/// using the solution x to recover the solution xw for wells and applying
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/// xw to update Well State
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virtual void recoverWellSolutionAndUpdateWellState(const BVector& x,
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WellState& well_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const = 0;
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/// Ax = Ax - C D^-1 B x
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virtual void apply(const BVector& x, BVector& Ax) const = 0;
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/// r = r - C D^-1 Rw
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virtual void apply(BVector& r) const = 0;
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// TODO: before we decide to put more information under mutable, this function is not const
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virtual void computeWellPotentials(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const WellState& well_state,
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std::vector<double>& well_potentials,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) = 0;
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void updateWellStateWithTarget(const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
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WellState& well_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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enum class IndividualOrGroup { Individual, Group, Both };
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bool updateWellControl(const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
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const IndividualOrGroup iog,
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WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) /* const */;
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virtual void updatePrimaryVariables(const WellState& well_state, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const = 0;
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virtual void calculateExplicitQuantities(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const WellState& well_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) = 0; // should be const?
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virtual void updateProductivityIndex(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const WellProdIndexCalculator& wellPICalc,
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WellState& well_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const = 0;
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/// \brief Wether the Jacobian will also have well contributions in it.
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virtual bool jacobianContainsWellContributions() const
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{
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return false;
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}
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// updating the voidage rates in well_state when requested
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void calculateReservoirRates(WellState& well_state) const;
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// Add well contributions to matrix
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virtual void addWellContributions(SparseMatrixAdapter&) const = 0;
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void addCellRates(RateVector& rates, int cellIdx) const;
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Scalar volumetricSurfaceRateForConnection(int cellIdx, int phaseIdx) const;
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template <class EvalWell>
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Eval restrictEval(const EvalWell& in) const
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{
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Eval out = 0.0;
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out.setValue(in.value());
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for(int eqIdx = 0; eqIdx < numEq;++eqIdx) {
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out.setDerivative(eqIdx, in.derivative(eqIdx));
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}
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return out;
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}
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void closeCompletions(WellTestState& wellTestState);
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const Well& wellEcl() const;
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// TODO: theoretically, it should be a const function
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// Simulator is not const is because that assembleWellEq is non-const Simulator
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void wellTesting(const Simulator& simulator,
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const double simulation_time, const int report_step,
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const WellTestConfig::Reason testing_reason,
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/* const */ WellState& well_state, const GroupState& group_state, WellTestState& welltest_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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void updatePerforatedCell(std::vector<bool>& is_cell_perforated);
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void checkWellOperability(const Simulator& ebos_simulator, const WellState& well_state, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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// check whether the well is operable under the current reservoir condition
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// mostly related to BHP limit and THP limit
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void updateWellOperability(const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
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const WellState& well_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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// whether the well is operable
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bool isOperable() const;
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/// Returns true if the well has one or more THP limits/constraints.
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bool wellHasTHPConstraints(const SummaryState& summaryState) const;
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/// Returns true if the well is currently in prediction mode (i.e. not history mode).
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bool underPredictionMode() const;
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// update perforation water throughput based on solved water rate
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virtual void updateWaterThroughput(const double dt, WellState& well_state) const = 0;
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/// Compute well rates based on current reservoir conditions and well variables.
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/// Used in updateWellStateRates().
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virtual std::vector<double> computeCurrentWellRates(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const = 0;
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/// Modify the well_state's rates if there is only one nonzero rate.
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/// If so, that rate is kept as is, but the others are set proportionally
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/// to the rates returned by computeCurrentWellRates().
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void updateWellStateRates(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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WellState& well_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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void stopWell() {
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this->wellStatus_ = Well::Status::STOP;
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}
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void openWell() {
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this->wellStatus_ = Well::Status::OPEN;
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}
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bool wellIsStopped() const {
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return this->wellStatus_ == Well::Status::STOP;
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}
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void setWsolvent(const double wsolvent);
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void setDynamicThpLimit(const double thp_limit);
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void solveWellEquation(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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const PhaseUsage& phaseUsage() const;
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virtual bool useInnerIterations() const = 0;
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protected:
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// to indicate a invalid completion
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static const int INVALIDCOMPLETION = INT_MAX;
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Well well_ecl_;
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const ParallelWellInfo& parallel_well_info_;
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const int current_step_;
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// simulation parameters
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const ModelParameters& param_;
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// number of the perforations for this well
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int number_of_perforations_;
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// well index for each perforation
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std::vector<double> well_index_;
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// depth for each perforation
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std::vector<double> perf_depth_;
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// reference depth for the BHP
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double ref_depth_;
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double well_efficiency_factor_;
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// cell index for each well perforation
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std::vector<int> well_cells_;
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// saturation table nubmer for each well perforation
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std::vector<int> saturation_table_number_;
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// representative radius of the perforations, used in shear calculation
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std::vector<double> perf_rep_radius_;
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// length of the perforations, use in shear calculation
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std::vector<double> perf_length_;
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// well bore diameter
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std::vector<double> bore_diameters_;
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/*
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* completions_ contains the mapping from completion id to connection indices
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* {
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* 2 : [ConnectionIndex, ConnectionIndex],
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* 1 : [ConnectionIndex, ConnectionIndex, ConnectionIndex],
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* 5 : [ConnectionIndex],
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* 7 : [ConnectionIndex]
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* ...
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* }
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* The integer IDs correspond to the COMPLETION id given by the COMPLUMP keyword.
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* When there is no COMPLUMP keyword used, a default completion number will be assigned
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* based on the order of the declaration of the connections.
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* Since the connections not OPEN is not included in the Wells, so they will not be considered
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* in this mapping relation.
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*/
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std::map<int, std::vector<int>> completions_;
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const PhaseUsage* phase_usage_;
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bool getAllowCrossFlow() const;
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const VFPProperties* vfp_properties_;
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const GuideRate* guide_rate_;
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double gravity_;
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// For the conversion between the surface volume rate and resrevoir voidage rate
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const RateConverterType& rateConverter_;
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// The pvt region of the well. We assume
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// We assume a well to not penetrate more than one pvt region.
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const int pvtRegionIdx_;
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const int num_components_;
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// number of phases
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int number_of_phases_;
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// the index of well in Wells struct
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int index_of_well_;
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// record the index of the first perforation
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// of states of individual well.
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int first_perf_;
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const std::vector<PerforationData>* perf_data_;
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std::vector<RateVector> connectionRates_;
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Well::Status wellStatus_;
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double wsolvent_;
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std::optional<double> dynamic_thp_limit_;
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std::vector< Scalar > B_avg_;
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// the vectors used to describe the inflow performance relationship (IPR)
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// Q = IPR_A - BHP * IPR_B
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// TODO: it minght need to go to WellInterface, let us implement it in StandardWell first
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// it is only updated and used for producers for now
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mutable std::vector<double> ipr_a_;
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mutable std::vector<double> ipr_b_;
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bool changed_to_stopped_this_step_ = false;
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int flowPhaseToEbosCompIdx( const int phaseIdx ) const;
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int flowPhaseToEbosPhaseIdx( const int phaseIdx ) const;
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int ebosCompIdxToFlowCompIdx( const unsigned compIdx ) const;
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double wsolvent() const;
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double wpolymer() const;
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double wfoam() const;
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double wsalt() const;
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bool checkRateEconLimits(const WellEconProductionLimits& econ_production_limits,
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const std::vector<double>& well_rates,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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double getTHPConstraint(const SummaryState& summaryState) const;
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template <class ValueType>
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ValueType calculateBhpFromThp(const WellState& well_state, const std::vector<ValueType>& rates, const Well& well, const SummaryState& summaryState, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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double getALQ(const WellState& well_state) const;
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virtual double getRefDensity() const = 0;
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// Component fractions for each phase for the well
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const std::vector<double>& compFrac() const;
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double mostStrictBhpFromBhpLimits(const SummaryState& summaryState) const;
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struct RatioLimitCheckReport;
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void checkMaxWaterCutLimit(const WellEconProductionLimits& econ_production_limits,
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const WellState& well_state,
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RatioLimitCheckReport& report) const;
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void checkMaxGORLimit(const WellEconProductionLimits& econ_production_limits,
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const WellState& well_state,
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RatioLimitCheckReport& report) const;
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void checkMaxWGRLimit(const WellEconProductionLimits& econ_production_limits,
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const WellState& well_state,
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RatioLimitCheckReport& report) const;
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void checkRatioEconLimits(const WellEconProductionLimits& econ_production_limits,
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const WellState& well_state,
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RatioLimitCheckReport& report,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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template <typename RatioFunc>
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bool checkMaxRatioLimitWell(const WellState& well_state,
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const double max_ratio_limit,
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const RatioFunc& ratioFunc) const;
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template <typename RatioFunc>
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void checkMaxRatioLimitCompletions(const WellState& well_state,
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const double max_ratio_limit,
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const RatioFunc& ratioFunc,
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RatioLimitCheckReport& report) const;
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double scalingFactor(const int comp_idx) const;
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std::vector<double> initialWellRateFrations(const Simulator& ebosSimulator, const std::vector<double>& potentials) const;
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// whether a well is specified with a non-zero and valid VFP table number
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bool isVFPActive(DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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struct OperabilityStatus;
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OperabilityStatus operability_status_;
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// check whether the well is operable under BHP limit with current reservoir condition
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virtual void checkOperabilityUnderBHPLimitProducer(const WellState& well_state, const Simulator& ebos_simulator, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) =0;
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// check whether the well is operable under THP limit with current reservoir condition
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virtual void checkOperabilityUnderTHPLimitProducer(const Simulator& ebos_simulator, const WellState& well_state, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) =0;
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virtual void updateIPR(const Simulator& ebos_simulator, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const=0;
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void wellTestingEconomic(const Simulator& simulator,
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const double simulation_time, const WellState& well_state, const GroupState& group_state,
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WellTestState& welltest_state, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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void wellTestingPhysical(const Simulator& simulator,
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const double simulation_time, const int report_step,
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WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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WellTestState& welltest_state, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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virtual void assembleWellEqWithoutIteration(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const double dt,
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const Well::InjectionControls& inj_controls,
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const Well::ProductionControls& prod_controls,
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WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) = 0;
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// iterate well equations with the specified control until converged
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virtual bool iterateWellEqWithControl(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const double dt,
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const Well::InjectionControls& inj_controls,
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const Well::ProductionControls& prod_controls,
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WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) = 0;
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bool iterateWellEquations(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
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const double dt,
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WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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void updateWellTestStateEconomic(const WellState& well_state,
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const double simulation_time,
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const bool write_message_to_opmlog,
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WellTestState& well_test_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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void updateWellTestStatePhysical(const WellState& well_state,
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const double simulation_time,
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const bool write_message_to_opmlog,
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WellTestState& well_test_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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void solveWellForTesting(const Simulator& ebosSimulator, WellState& well_state, const GroupState& group_state,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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void initCompletions();
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bool checkConstraints(WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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const Schedule& schedule,
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const SummaryState& summaryState,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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bool checkIndividualConstraints(WellState& well_state,
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const SummaryState& summaryState) const;
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bool checkGroupConstraints(WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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const Schedule& schedule,
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const SummaryState& summaryState,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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std::pair<bool, double> checkGroupConstraintsProd(const Group& group,
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const WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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const double efficiencyFactor,
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const Schedule& schedule,
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const SummaryState& summaryState,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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std::pair<bool, double> checkGroupConstraintsInj(const Group& group,
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const WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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const double efficiencyFactor,
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const Schedule& schedule,
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const SummaryState& summaryState,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const;
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template <class EvalWell>
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void getGroupInjectionControl(const Group& group,
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const WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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const Schedule& schedule,
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const SummaryState& summaryState,
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const InjectorType& injectorType,
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const EvalWell& bhp,
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const EvalWell& injection_rate,
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EvalWell& control_eq,
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double efficiencyFactor,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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template <class EvalWell>
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void getGroupProductionControl(const Group& group,
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const WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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const Schedule& schedule,
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const SummaryState& summaryState,
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const EvalWell& bhp,
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const std::vector<EvalWell>& rates,
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EvalWell& control_eq,
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double efficiencyFactor);
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template <class EvalWell, class BhpFromThpFunc>
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void assembleControlEqInj(const WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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const Schedule& schedule,
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const SummaryState& summaryState,
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const Well::InjectionControls& controls,
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const EvalWell& bhp,
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const EvalWell& injection_rate,
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BhpFromThpFunc bhp_from_thp,
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EvalWell& control_eq,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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template <class EvalWell, class BhpFromThpFunc>
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void assembleControlEqProd(const WellState& well_state,
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const GroupState& group_state,
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const Schedule& schedule,
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const SummaryState& summaryState,
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const Well::ProductionControls& controls,
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const EvalWell& bhp,
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const std::vector<EvalWell>& rates, // Always 3 canonical rates.
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BhpFromThpFunc bhp_from_thp,
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EvalWell& control_eq,
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DeferredLogger& deferred_logger);
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};
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// definition of the struct OperabilityStatus
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template<typename TypeTag>
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struct
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WellInterface<TypeTag>::
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OperabilityStatus {
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bool isOperable() const {
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if (!operable_under_only_bhp_limit) {
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return false;
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} else {
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return ( (isOperableUnderBHPLimit() || isOperableUnderTHPLimit()) );
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}
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}
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bool isOperableUnderBHPLimit() const {
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return operable_under_only_bhp_limit && obey_thp_limit_under_bhp_limit;
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}
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|
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bool isOperableUnderTHPLimit() const {
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return can_obtain_bhp_with_thp_limit && obey_bhp_limit_with_thp_limit;
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}
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|
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void reset() {
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operable_under_only_bhp_limit = true;
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obey_thp_limit_under_bhp_limit = true;
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can_obtain_bhp_with_thp_limit = true;
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obey_bhp_limit_with_thp_limit = true;
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}
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// whether the well can be operated under bhp limit
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// without considering other limits.
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// if it is false, then the well is not operable for sure.
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bool operable_under_only_bhp_limit = true;
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// if the well can be operated under bhp limit, will it obey(not violate)
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// the thp limit when operated under bhp limit
|
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bool obey_thp_limit_under_bhp_limit = true;
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// whether the well operate under the thp limit only
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|
bool can_obtain_bhp_with_thp_limit = true;
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// whether the well obey bhp limit when operated under thp limit
|
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bool obey_bhp_limit_with_thp_limit = true;
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|
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};
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template<typename TypeTag>
|
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struct
|
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WellInterface<TypeTag>::
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RatioLimitCheckReport{
|
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bool ratio_limit_violated = false;
|
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int worst_offending_completion = INVALIDCOMPLETION;
|
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double violation_extent = 0.0;
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};
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}
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#include "WellInterface_impl.hpp"
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#endif // OPM_WELLINTERFACE_HEADER_INCLUDED
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