opm-simulators/opm/simulators/wells/WellInterface_impl.hpp
Arne Morten Kvarving 4c09b5dde3 add WellInterfaceEval
2021-06-07 08:26:43 +02:00

951 lines
39 KiB
C++

/*
Copyright 2017 SINTEF Digital, Mathematics and Cybernetics.
Copyright 2017 Statoil ASA.
Copyright 2018 IRIS
This file is part of the Open Porous Media project (OPM).
OPM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
OPM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with OPM. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include <opm/parser/eclipse/EclipseState/Schedule/ScheduleTypes.hpp>
#include <opm/simulators/utils/DeferredLoggingErrorHelpers.hpp>
#include <opm/simulators/wells/GroupState.hpp>
#include <opm/simulators/wells/TargetCalculator.hpp>
namespace Opm
{
template<typename TypeTag>
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
WellInterface(const Well& well,
const ParallelWellInfo& pw_info,
const int time_step,
const ModelParameters& param,
const RateConverterType& rate_converter,
const int pvtRegionIdx,
const int num_components,
const int num_phases,
const int index_of_well,
const int first_perf_index,
const std::vector<PerforationData>& perf_data)
: WellInterfaceIndices<FluidSystem,Indices,Scalar>(well,
pw_info,
time_step,
rate_converter,
pvtRegionIdx,
num_components,
num_phases,
index_of_well,
first_perf_index,
perf_data)
, param_(param)
{
connectionRates_.resize(this->number_of_perforations_);
if constexpr (has_solvent || has_zFraction) {
if (well.isInjector()) {
auto injectorType = this->well_ecl_.injectorType();
if (injectorType == InjectorType::GAS) {
this->wsolvent_ = this->well_ecl_.getSolventFraction();
}
}
}
}
template<typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
init(const PhaseUsage* phase_usage_arg,
const std::vector<double>& /* depth_arg */,
const double gravity_arg,
const int /* num_cells */,
const std::vector< Scalar >& B_avg)
{
this->phase_usage_ = phase_usage_arg;
this->gravity_ = gravity_arg;
B_avg_ = B_avg;
}
template<typename TypeTag>
double
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
wpolymer() const
{
if constexpr (has_polymer) {
auto injectorType = this->well_ecl_.injectorType();
if (injectorType == InjectorType::WATER) {
WellPolymerProperties polymer = this->well_ecl_.getPolymerProperties();
const double polymer_injection_concentration = polymer.m_polymerConcentration;
return polymer_injection_concentration;
} else {
// Not a water injection well => no polymer.
return 0.0;
}
}
return 0.0;
}
template<typename TypeTag>
double
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
wfoam() const
{
if constexpr (has_foam) {
auto injectorType = this->well_ecl_.injectorType();
if (injectorType == InjectorType::GAS) {
WellFoamProperties fprop = this->well_ecl_.getFoamProperties();
return fprop.m_foamConcentration;
} else {
// Not a gas injection well => no foam.
return 0.0;
}
}
return 0.0;
}
template<typename TypeTag>
double
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
wsalt() const
{
if constexpr (has_brine) {
auto injectorType = this->well_ecl_.injectorType();
if (injectorType == InjectorType::WATER) {
WellBrineProperties fprop = this->well_ecl_.getBrineProperties();
return fprop.m_saltConcentration;
} else {
// Not a water injection well => no salt (?).
return 0.0;
}
}
return 0.0;
}
template<typename TypeTag>
bool
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
updateWellControl(const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
const IndividualOrGroup iog,
WellState& well_state,
const GroupState& group_state,
DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) /* const */
{
if (this->wellIsStopped()) {
return false;
}
const auto& summaryState = ebos_simulator.vanguard().summaryState();
const auto& schedule = ebos_simulator.vanguard().schedule();
const auto& well = this->well_ecl_;
std::string from;
if (well.isInjector()) {
from = Well::InjectorCMode2String(well_state.currentInjectionControl(this->index_of_well_));
} else {
from = Well::ProducerCMode2String(well_state.currentProductionControl(this->index_of_well_));
}
bool changed = false;
if (iog == IndividualOrGroup::Individual) {
changed = this->checkIndividualConstraints(well_state, summaryState);
} else if (iog == IndividualOrGroup::Group) {
changed = this->checkGroupConstraints(well_state, group_state, schedule, summaryState, deferred_logger);
} else {
assert(iog == IndividualOrGroup::Both);
changed = this->checkConstraints(well_state, group_state, schedule, summaryState, deferred_logger);
}
auto cc = Dune::MPIHelper::getCollectiveCommunication();
// checking whether control changed
if (changed) {
std::string to;
if (well.isInjector()) {
to = Well::InjectorCMode2String(well_state.currentInjectionControl(this->index_of_well_));
} else {
to = Well::ProducerCMode2String(well_state.currentProductionControl(this->index_of_well_));
}
std::ostringstream ss;
ss << " Switching control mode for well " << this->name()
<< " from " << from
<< " to " << to;
if (cc.size() > 1) {
ss << " on rank " << cc.rank();
}
deferred_logger.info(ss.str());
updateWellStateWithTarget(ebos_simulator, well_state, deferred_logger);
updatePrimaryVariables(well_state, deferred_logger);
}
return changed;
}
template<typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
wellTesting(const Simulator& simulator,
const double simulation_time, const int report_step,
const WellTestConfig::Reason testing_reason,
/* const */ WellState& well_state,
const GroupState& group_state,
WellTestState& well_test_state,
DeferredLogger& deferred_logger)
{
if (testing_reason == WellTestConfig::Reason::PHYSICAL) {
wellTestingPhysical(simulator, simulation_time, report_step,
well_state, group_state, well_test_state, deferred_logger);
}
if (testing_reason == WellTestConfig::Reason::ECONOMIC) {
wellTestingEconomic(simulator, simulation_time,
well_state, group_state, well_test_state, deferred_logger);
}
}
template<typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
wellTestingEconomic(const Simulator& simulator,
const double simulation_time, const WellState& well_state, const GroupState& group_state,
WellTestState& welltest_state, DeferredLogger& deferred_logger)
{
deferred_logger.info(" well " + this->name() + " is being tested for economic limits");
WellState well_state_copy = well_state;
updateWellStateWithTarget(simulator, well_state_copy, deferred_logger);
calculateExplicitQuantities(simulator, well_state_copy, deferred_logger);
updatePrimaryVariables(well_state_copy, deferred_logger);
initPrimaryVariablesEvaluation();
WellTestState welltest_state_temp;
bool testWell = true;
// if a well is closed because all completions are closed, we need to check each completion
// individually. We first open all completions, then we close one by one by calling updateWellTestState
// untill the number of closed completions do not increase anymore.
while (testWell) {
const size_t original_number_closed_completions = welltest_state_temp.sizeCompletions();
solveWellForTesting(simulator, well_state_copy, group_state, deferred_logger);
this->updateWellTestState(well_state_copy, simulation_time, /*writeMessageToOPMLog=*/ false, welltest_state_temp, deferred_logger);
this->closeCompletions(welltest_state_temp);
// Stop testing if the well is closed or shut due to all completions shut
// Also check if number of completions has increased. If the number of closed completions do not increased
// we stop the testing.
// TODO: it can be tricky here, if the well is shut/closed due to other reasons
if ( welltest_state_temp.sizeWells() > 0 ||
(original_number_closed_completions == welltest_state_temp.sizeCompletions()) ) {
testWell = false; // this terminates the while loop
}
}
// update wellTestState if the well test succeeds
if (!welltest_state_temp.hasWellClosed(this->name(), WellTestConfig::Reason::ECONOMIC)) {
welltest_state.openWell(this->name(), WellTestConfig::Reason::ECONOMIC);
const std::string msg = std::string("well ") + this->name() + std::string(" is re-opened through ECONOMIC testing");
deferred_logger.info(msg);
// also reopen completions
for (auto& completion : this->well_ecl_.getCompletions()) {
if (!welltest_state_temp.hasCompletion(this->name(), completion.first)) {
welltest_state.dropCompletion(this->name(), completion.first);
}
}
}
}
template<typename TypeTag>
bool
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
iterateWellEquations(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
const double dt,
WellState& well_state,
const GroupState& group_state,
DeferredLogger& deferred_logger)
{
const auto& summary_state = ebosSimulator.vanguard().summaryState();
const auto inj_controls = this->well_ecl_.isInjector() ? this->well_ecl_.injectionControls(summary_state) : Well::InjectionControls(0);
const auto prod_controls = this->well_ecl_.isProducer() ? this->well_ecl_.productionControls(summary_state) : Well::ProductionControls(0);
return this->iterateWellEqWithControl(ebosSimulator, dt, inj_controls, prod_controls, well_state, group_state, deferred_logger);
}
template<typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
solveWellForTesting(const Simulator& ebosSimulator, WellState& well_state, const GroupState& group_state,
DeferredLogger& deferred_logger)
{
// keep a copy of the original well state
const WellState well_state0 = well_state;
const double dt = ebosSimulator.timeStepSize();
const bool converged = iterateWellEquations(ebosSimulator, dt, well_state, group_state, deferred_logger);
if (converged) {
deferred_logger.debug("WellTest: Well equation for well " + this->name() + " converged");
} else {
const int max_iter = param_.max_welleq_iter_;
deferred_logger.debug("WellTest: Well equation for well " + this->name() + " failed converging in "
+ std::to_string(max_iter) + " iterations");
well_state = well_state0;
}
}
template<typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
solveWellEquation(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
WellState& well_state,
const GroupState& group_state,
DeferredLogger& deferred_logger)
{
if (!this->isOperable())
return;
// keep a copy of the original well state
const WellState well_state0 = well_state;
const double dt = ebosSimulator.timeStepSize();
const bool converged = iterateWellEquations(ebosSimulator, dt, well_state, group_state, deferred_logger);
if (converged) {
deferred_logger.debug("Compute initial well solution for well " + this->name() + ". Converged");
} else {
const int max_iter = param_.max_welleq_iter_;
deferred_logger.debug("Compute initial well solution for well " + this->name() + ". Failed to converge in "
+ std::to_string(max_iter) + " iterations");
well_state = well_state0;
}
}
template <typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
assembleWellEq(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
const double dt,
WellState& well_state,
const GroupState& group_state,
DeferredLogger& deferred_logger)
{
checkWellOperability(ebosSimulator, well_state, deferred_logger);
if (this->useInnerIterations()) {
this->iterateWellEquations(ebosSimulator, dt, well_state, group_state, deferred_logger);
}
const auto& summary_state = ebosSimulator.vanguard().summaryState();
const auto inj_controls = this->well_ecl_.isInjector() ? this->well_ecl_.injectionControls(summary_state) : Well::InjectionControls(0);
const auto prod_controls = this->well_ecl_.isProducer() ? this->well_ecl_.productionControls(summary_state) : Well::ProductionControls(0);
assembleWellEqWithoutIteration(ebosSimulator, dt, inj_controls, prod_controls, well_state, group_state, deferred_logger);
}
template<typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::addCellRates(RateVector& rates, int cellIdx) const
{
for (int perfIdx = 0; perfIdx < this->number_of_perforations_; ++perfIdx) {
if (this->cells()[perfIdx] == cellIdx) {
for (int i = 0; i < RateVector::dimension; ++i) {
rates[i] += connectionRates_[perfIdx][i];
}
}
}
}
template<typename TypeTag>
typename WellInterface<TypeTag>::Scalar
WellInterface<TypeTag>::volumetricSurfaceRateForConnection(int cellIdx, int phaseIdx) const {
for (int perfIdx = 0; perfIdx < this->number_of_perforations_; ++perfIdx) {
if (this->cells()[perfIdx] == cellIdx) {
const unsigned activeCompIdx = Indices::canonicalToActiveComponentIndex(FluidSystem::solventComponentIndex(phaseIdx));
return connectionRates_[perfIdx][activeCompIdx].value();
}
}
// this is not thread safe
OPM_THROW(std::invalid_argument, "The well with name " + this->name()
+ " does not perforate cell " + std::to_string(cellIdx));
return 0.0;
}
template<typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
wellTestingPhysical(const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
const double /* simulation_time */, const int /* report_step */,
WellState& well_state,
const GroupState& group_state,
WellTestState& welltest_state,
DeferredLogger& deferred_logger)
{
deferred_logger.info(" well " + this->name() + " is being tested for physical limits");
// some most difficult things are the explicit quantities, since there is no information
// in the WellState to do a decent initialization
// TODO: Let us assume that the simulator is updated
// Let us try to do a normal simualtion running, to keep checking the operability status
// If the well is not operable during any of the time. It means it does not pass the physical
// limit test.
// create a copy of the well_state to use. If the operability checking is sucessful, we use this one
// to replace the original one
WellState well_state_copy = well_state;
// TODO: well state for this well is kind of all zero status
// we should be able to provide a better initialization
calculateExplicitQuantities(ebos_simulator, well_state_copy, deferred_logger);
updateWellOperability(ebos_simulator, well_state_copy, deferred_logger);
if ( !this->isOperable() ) {
const std::string msg = " well " + this->name() + " is not operable during well testing for physical reason";
deferred_logger.debug(msg);
return;
}
updateWellStateWithTarget(ebos_simulator, well_state_copy, deferred_logger);
calculateExplicitQuantities(ebos_simulator, well_state_copy, deferred_logger);
const double dt = ebos_simulator.timeStepSize();
const bool converged = this->iterateWellEquations(ebos_simulator, dt, well_state_copy, group_state, deferred_logger);
if (!converged) {
const std::string msg = " well " + this->name() + " did not get converged during well testing for physical reason";
deferred_logger.debug(msg);
return;
}
if (this->isOperable() ) {
welltest_state.openWell(this->name(), WellTestConfig::PHYSICAL );
const std::string msg = " well " + this->name() + " is re-opened through well testing for physical reason";
deferred_logger.info(msg);
well_state = well_state_copy;
} else {
const std::string msg = " well " + this->name() + " is not operable during well testing for physical reason";
deferred_logger.debug(msg);
}
}
template<typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
checkWellOperability(const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
const WellState& well_state,
DeferredLogger& deferred_logger)
{
const bool checkOperability = EWOMS_GET_PARAM(TypeTag, bool, EnableWellOperabilityCheck);
if (!checkOperability) {
return;
}
// focusing on PRODUCER for now
if (this->isInjector()) {
return;
}
if (!this->underPredictionMode() ) {
return;
}
if (this->wellIsStopped() && !changed_to_stopped_this_step_) {
return;
}
const bool old_well_operable = this->operability_status_.isOperable();
updateWellOperability(ebos_simulator, well_state, deferred_logger);
const bool well_operable = this->operability_status_.isOperable();
if (!well_operable && old_well_operable) {
if (this->well_ecl_.getAutomaticShutIn()) {
deferred_logger.info(" well " + this->name() + " gets SHUT during iteration ");
} else {
if (!this->wellIsStopped()) {
deferred_logger.info(" well " + this->name() + " gets STOPPED during iteration ");
this->stopWell();
changed_to_stopped_this_step_ = true;
}
}
} else if (well_operable && !old_well_operable) {
deferred_logger.info(" well " + this->name() + " gets REVIVED during iteration ");
this->openWell();
changed_to_stopped_this_step_ = false;
}
}
template<typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
updateWellOperability(const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
const WellState& well_state,
DeferredLogger& deferred_logger)
{
this->operability_status_.reset();
auto current_control = well_state.currentProductionControl(this->index_of_well_);
// Operability checking is not free
// Only check wells under BHP and THP control
if(current_control == Well::ProducerCMode::BHP || current_control == Well::ProducerCMode::THP) {
updateIPR(ebos_simulator, deferred_logger);
checkOperabilityUnderBHPLimitProducer(well_state, ebos_simulator, deferred_logger);
}
// we do some extra checking for wells under THP control.
if (current_control == Well::ProducerCMode::THP) {
checkOperabilityUnderTHPLimitProducer(ebos_simulator, well_state, deferred_logger);
}
}
template<typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
updateWellStateWithTarget(const Simulator& ebos_simulator,
WellState& well_state,
DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const
{
// only bhp and wellRates are used to initilize the primaryvariables for standard wells
const auto& well = this->well_ecl_;
const int well_index = this->index_of_well_;
const auto& pu = this->phaseUsage();
const int np = well_state.numPhases();
const auto& summaryState = ebos_simulator.vanguard().summaryState();
if (this->wellIsStopped()) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] = 0.0;
}
well_state.update_thp(well_index, 0.0);
return;
}
if (this->isInjector() )
{
const auto& controls = well.injectionControls(summaryState);
InjectorType injectorType = controls.injector_type;
int phasePos;
switch (injectorType) {
case InjectorType::WATER:
{
phasePos = pu.phase_pos[BlackoilPhases::Aqua];
break;
}
case InjectorType::OIL:
{
phasePos = pu.phase_pos[BlackoilPhases::Liquid];
break;
}
case InjectorType::GAS:
{
phasePos = pu.phase_pos[BlackoilPhases::Vapour];
break;
}
default:
OPM_DEFLOG_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Expected WATER, OIL or GAS as type for injectors " + this->name(), deferred_logger );
}
auto current = well_state.currentInjectionControl(well_index);
switch(current) {
case Well::InjectorCMode::RATE:
{
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[phasePos] = controls.surface_rate;
break;
}
case Well::InjectorCMode::RESV:
{
std::vector<double> convert_coeff(this->number_of_phases_, 1.0);
this->rateConverter_.calcCoeff(/*fipreg*/ 0, this->pvtRegionIdx_, convert_coeff);
const double coeff = convert_coeff[phasePos];
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[phasePos] = controls.reservoir_rate/coeff;
break;
}
case Well::InjectorCMode::THP:
{
std::vector<double> rates(3, 0.0);
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
rates[p] = well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p];
}
double bhp = this->calculateBhpFromThp(well_state, rates, well, summaryState, this->getRefDensity(), deferred_logger);
well_state.update_bhp(well_index, bhp);
// if the total rates are negative or zero
// we try to provide a better intial well rate
// using the well potentials
double total_rate = std::accumulate(rates.begin(), rates.end(), 0.0);
if (total_rate <= 0.0){
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] = well_state.wellPotentials(well_index)[p];
}
}
break;
}
case Well::InjectorCMode::BHP:
{
well_state.update_bhp(well_index, controls.bhp_limit);
double total_rate = 0.0;
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
total_rate += well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p];
}
// if the total rates are negative or zero
// we try to provide a better intial well rate
// using the well potentials
if (total_rate <= 0.0){
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] = well_state.wellPotentials(well_index)[p];
}
}
break;
}
case Well::InjectorCMode::GRUP:
{
//do nothing at the moment
break;
}
case Well::InjectorCMode::CMODE_UNDEFINED:
{
OPM_DEFLOG_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Well control must be specified for well " + this->name(), deferred_logger );
}
}
}
//Producer
else
{
auto current = well_state.currentProductionControl(well_index);
const auto& controls = well.productionControls(summaryState);
switch (current) {
case Well::ProducerCMode::ORAT:
{
double current_rate = -well_state.wellRates(well_index)[ pu.phase_pos[Oil] ];
// for trivial rates or opposite direction we don't just scale the rates
// but use either the potentials or the mobility ratio to initial the well rates
if (current_rate > 0.0) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] *= controls.oil_rate/current_rate;
}
} else {
const std::vector<double> fractions = initialWellRateFractions(ebos_simulator, well_state);
double control_fraction = fractions[pu.phase_pos[Oil]];
if (control_fraction != 0.0) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] = - fractions[p] * controls.oil_rate/control_fraction;
}
}
}
break;
}
case Well::ProducerCMode::WRAT:
{
double current_rate = -well_state.wellRates(well_index)[ pu.phase_pos[Water] ];
// for trivial rates or opposite direction we don't just scale the rates
// but use either the potentials or the mobility ratio to initial the well rates
if (current_rate > 0.0) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] *= controls.water_rate/current_rate;
}
} else {
const std::vector<double> fractions = initialWellRateFractions(ebos_simulator, well_state);
double control_fraction = fractions[pu.phase_pos[Water]];
if (control_fraction != 0.0) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] = - fractions[p] * controls.water_rate/control_fraction;
}
}
}
break;
}
case Well::ProducerCMode::GRAT:
{
double current_rate = -well_state.wellRates(well_index)[pu.phase_pos[Gas] ];
// or trivial rates or opposite direction we don't just scale the rates
// but use either the potentials or the mobility ratio to initial the well rates
if (current_rate > 0.0) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] *= controls.gas_rate/current_rate;
}
} else {
const std::vector<double> fractions = initialWellRateFractions(ebos_simulator, well_state);
double control_fraction = fractions[pu.phase_pos[Gas]];
if (control_fraction != 0.0) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] = - fractions[p] * controls.gas_rate/control_fraction;
}
}
}
break;
}
case Well::ProducerCMode::LRAT:
{
double current_rate = -well_state.wellRates(well_index)[ pu.phase_pos[Water] ]
- well_state.wellRates(well_index)[ pu.phase_pos[Oil] ];
// or trivial rates or opposite direction we don't just scale the rates
// but use either the potentials or the mobility ratio to initial the well rates
if (current_rate > 0.0) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] *= controls.liquid_rate/current_rate;
}
} else {
const std::vector<double> fractions = initialWellRateFractions(ebos_simulator, well_state);
double control_fraction = fractions[pu.phase_pos[Water]] + fractions[pu.phase_pos[Oil]];
if (control_fraction != 0.0) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] = - fractions[p] * controls.liquid_rate / control_fraction;
}
}
}
break;
}
case Well::ProducerCMode::CRAT:
{
OPM_DEFLOG_THROW(std::runtime_error, "CRAT control not supported " << this->name(), deferred_logger);
}
case Well::ProducerCMode::RESV:
{
std::vector<double> convert_coeff(this->number_of_phases_, 1.0);
this->rateConverter_.calcCoeff(/*fipreg*/ 0, this->pvtRegionIdx_, convert_coeff);
double total_res_rate = 0.0;
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
total_res_rate -= well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] * convert_coeff[p];
}
if (controls.prediction_mode) {
// or trivial rates or opposite direction we don't just scale the rates
// but use either the potentials or the mobility ratio to initial the well rates
if (total_res_rate > 0.0) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] *= controls.resv_rate/total_res_rate;
}
} else {
const std::vector<double> fractions = initialWellRateFractions(ebos_simulator, well_state);
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] = - fractions[p] * controls.resv_rate / convert_coeff[p];
}
}
} else {
std::vector<double> hrates(this->number_of_phases_,0.);
if (FluidSystem::phaseIsActive(FluidSystem::waterPhaseIdx)) {
hrates[pu.phase_pos[Water]] = controls.water_rate;
}
if (FluidSystem::phaseIsActive(FluidSystem::oilPhaseIdx)) {
hrates[pu.phase_pos[Oil]] = controls.oil_rate;
}
if (FluidSystem::phaseIsActive(FluidSystem::gasPhaseIdx)) {
hrates[pu.phase_pos[Gas]] = controls.gas_rate;
}
std::vector<double> hrates_resv(this->number_of_phases_,0.);
this->rateConverter_.calcReservoirVoidageRates(/*fipreg*/ 0, this->pvtRegionIdx_, hrates, hrates_resv);
double target = std::accumulate(hrates_resv.begin(), hrates_resv.end(), 0.0);
// or trivial rates or opposite direction we don't just scale the rates
// but use either the potentials or the mobility ratio to initial the well rates
if (total_res_rate > 0.0) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] *= target/total_res_rate;
}
} else {
const std::vector<double> fractions = initialWellRateFractions(ebos_simulator, well_state);
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] = - fractions[p] * target / convert_coeff[p];
}
}
}
break;
}
case Well::ProducerCMode::BHP:
{
well_state.update_bhp(well_index, controls.bhp_limit);
double total_rate = 0.0;
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
total_rate -= well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p];
}
// if the total rates are negative or zero
// we try to provide a better intial well rate
// using the well potentials
if (total_rate <= 0.0){
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] = -well_state.wellPotentials(well_index)[p];
}
}
break;
}
case Well::ProducerCMode::THP:
{
std::vector<double> rates(3, 0.0);
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
rates[p] = well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p];
}
double bhp = this->calculateBhpFromThp(well_state, rates, well, summaryState, this->getRefDensity(), deferred_logger);
well_state.update_bhp(well_index, bhp);
// if the total rates are negative or zero
// we try to provide a better intial well rate
// using the well potentials
double total_rate = -std::accumulate(rates.begin(), rates.end(), 0.0);
if (total_rate <= 0.0){
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
well_state.wellRates(well_index)[p] = -well_state.wellPotentials(well_index)[p];
}
}
break;
}
case Well::ProducerCMode::GRUP:
{
//do nothing at the moment
break;
}
case Well::ProducerCMode::CMODE_UNDEFINED:
case Well::ProducerCMode::NONE:
{
OPM_DEFLOG_THROW(std::runtime_error, "Well control must be specified for well " + this->name() , deferred_logger);
}
break;
} // end of switch
}
}
template<typename TypeTag>
std::vector<double>
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
initialWellRateFractions(const Simulator& ebosSimulator, const WellState& well_state) const
{
const int np = this->number_of_phases_;
std::vector<double> scaling_factor(np);
double total_potentials = 0.0;
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
total_potentials += well_state.wellPotentials(this->index_of_well_)[p];
}
if (total_potentials > 0) {
for (int p = 0; p<np; ++p) {
scaling_factor[p] = well_state.wellPotentials(this->index_of_well_)[p] / total_potentials;
}
return scaling_factor;
}
// if we don't have any potentials we weight it using the mobilites
// We only need approximation so we don't bother with the vapporized oil and dissolved gas
double total_tw = 0;
const int nperf = this->number_of_perforations_;
for (int perf = 0; perf < nperf; ++perf) {
total_tw += this->well_index_[perf];
}
for (int perf = 0; perf < nperf; ++perf) {
const int cell_idx = this->well_cells_[perf];
const auto& intQuants = *(ebosSimulator.model().cachedIntensiveQuantities(cell_idx, /*timeIdx=*/0));
const auto& fs = intQuants.fluidState();
const double well_tw_fraction = this->well_index_[perf] / total_tw;
double total_mobility = 0.0;
for (int p = 0; p < np; ++p) {
int ebosPhaseIdx = this->flowPhaseToEbosPhaseIdx(p);
total_mobility += fs.invB(ebosPhaseIdx).value() * intQuants.mobility(ebosPhaseIdx).value();
}
for (int p = 0; p < np; ++p) {
int ebosPhaseIdx = this->flowPhaseToEbosPhaseIdx(p);
scaling_factor[p] += well_tw_fraction * fs.invB(ebosPhaseIdx).value() * intQuants.mobility(ebosPhaseIdx).value() / total_mobility;
}
}
return scaling_factor;
}
template <typename TypeTag>
void
WellInterface<TypeTag>::
updateWellStateRates(const Simulator& ebosSimulator,
WellState& well_state,
DeferredLogger& deferred_logger) const
{
// Check if the rates of this well only are single-phase, do nothing
// if more than one nonzero rate.
int nonzero_rate_index = -1;
for (int p = 0; p < this->number_of_phases_; ++p) {
if (well_state.wellRates(this->index_of_well_)[p] != 0.0) {
if (nonzero_rate_index == -1) {
nonzero_rate_index = p;
} else {
// More than one nonzero rate.
return;
}
}
}
if (nonzero_rate_index == -1) {
// No nonzero rates.
return;
}
// Calculate the rates that follow from the current primary variables.
std::vector<double> well_q_s = computeCurrentWellRates(ebosSimulator, deferred_logger);
// Set the currently-zero phase flows to be nonzero in proportion to well_q_s.
const double initial_nonzero_rate = well_state.wellRates(this->index_of_well_)[nonzero_rate_index];
const int comp_idx_nz = this->flowPhaseToEbosCompIdx(nonzero_rate_index);
for (int p = 0; p < this->number_of_phases_; ++p) {
if (p != nonzero_rate_index) {
const int comp_idx = this->flowPhaseToEbosCompIdx(p);
double& rate = well_state.wellRates(this->index_of_well_)[p];
rate = (initial_nonzero_rate/well_q_s[comp_idx_nz]) * (well_q_s[comp_idx]);
}
}
}
} // namespace Opm