219 lines
7.5 KiB
C++
219 lines
7.5 KiB
C++
//===========================================================================
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//
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// File: Units.hpp
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//
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// Created: Thu Jul 2 09:19:08 2009
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//
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// Author(s): Halvor M Nilsen <hnil@sintef.no>
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//
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// $Date$
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//
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// $Revision$
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//
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//===========================================================================
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/*
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Copyright 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 SINTEF ICT, Applied Mathematics.
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Copyright 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 Statoil ASA.
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This file is part of The Open Reservoir Simulator Project (OpenRS).
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OpenRS is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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OpenRS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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GNU General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with OpenRS. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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*/
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#ifndef OPENRS_UNITS_HEADER
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#define OPENRS_UNITS_HEADER
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namespace Opm
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{
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namespace prefix
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/// Conversion prefix for units.
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{
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const double micro = 1.0e-6;
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const double milli = 1.0e-3;
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const double centi = 1.0e-2;
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const double deci = 1.0e-1;
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const double kilo = 1.0e3;
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const double mega = 1.0e6;
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const double giga = 1.0e9;
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} // namespace prefix
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namespace unit
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/// Definition of various units.
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/// All the units are defined in terms of international standard
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/// units (SI). Example of use: We define a variable \c k which
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/// gives a permeability. We want to set \c k to \f$1\,mD\f$.
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/// \code
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/// using namespace Opm::unit
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/// double k = 0.001*darcy;
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/// \endcode
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/// We can also use one of the prefixes defined in Opm::prefix
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/// \code
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/// using namespace Opm::unit
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/// using namespace Opm::prefix
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/// double k = 1.0*milli*darcy;
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/// \endcode
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{
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///\name Common powers
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/// @{
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inline double square(double v) { return v * v; }
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inline double cubic (double v) { return v * v * v; }
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/// @}
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// --------------------------------------------------------------
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// Basic (fundamental) units and conversions
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// --------------------------------------------------------------
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/// \name Length
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/// @{
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const double meter = 1;
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const double inch = 2.54 * prefix::centi*meter;
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const double feet = 12 * inch;
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/// @}
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/// \name Time
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/// @{
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const double second = 1;
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const double minute = 60 * second;
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const double hour = 60 * minute;
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const double day = 24 * hour;
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const double year = 365 * day;
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/// @}
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/// \name Volume
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/// @{
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const double gallon = 231 * cubic(inch);
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const double stb = 42 * gallon;
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/// @}
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/// \name Mass
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/// @{
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const double kilogram = 1;
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// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_(mass)#Avoirdupois_pound
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const double pound = 0.45359237 * kilogram;
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/// @}
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// --------------------------------------------------------------
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// Standardised constants
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// --------------------------------------------------------------
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/// \name Standardised constant
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/// @{
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const double gravity = 9.80665 * meter/square(second);
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/// @}
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// --------------------------------------------------------------
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// Derived units and conversions
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// --------------------------------------------------------------
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/// \name Force
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/// @{
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const double Newton = kilogram*meter / square(second); // == 1
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const double lbf = pound * gravity; // Pound-force
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/// @}
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/// \name Pressure
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/// @{
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const double Pascal = Newton / square(meter); // == 1
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const double barsa = 100000 * Pascal;
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const double atm = 101325 * Pascal;
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const double psia = lbf / square(inch);
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/// @}
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/// \name Viscosity
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/// @{
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const double Pas = Pascal * second; // == 1
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const double Poise = prefix::deci*Pas;
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/// @}
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/// \name Permeability
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/// @{
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///
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/// A porous medium with a permeability of 1 darcy permits a
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/// flow (flux) of \f$1\,cm^3/s\f$ of a fluid with viscosity
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/// \f$1\,cP\f$ (\f$1\,mPa\cdot s\f$) under a pressure
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/// gradient of \f$1\,atm/cm\f$ acting across an area of
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/// \f$1\,cm^2\f$.
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///
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namespace perm_details {
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const double p_grad = atm / (prefix::centi*meter);
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const double area = square(prefix::centi*meter);
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const double flux = cubic (prefix::centi*meter) / second;
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const double velocity = flux / area;
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const double visc = prefix::centi*Poise;
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const double darcy = (velocity * visc) / p_grad;
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// == 1e-7 [m^2] / 101325
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// == 9.869232667160130e-13 [m^2]
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}
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const double darcy = perm_details::darcy;
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/// @}
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// Unit conversion support.
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//
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// Note: Under the penalty of treason will you be
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//
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// using namespace Opm::unit::convert;
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//
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// I mean it!
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//
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namespace convert {
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// Convert from external units of measurements to equivalent
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// internal units of measurements. Note: The internal units
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// of measurements are *ALWAYS*, and exclusively, SI.
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//
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// Example: Convert a double kx, containing a permeability
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// value in units of milli-darcy (mD) to the equivalent
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// value in SI units (m^2).
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//
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// using namespace Opm::unit;
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// using namespace Opm::prefix;
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// convert::from(kx, milli*darcy);
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//
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inline double from(const double q, const double unit)
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{
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return q * unit;
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}
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// Convert from internal units of measurements to equivalent
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// external units of measurements. Note: The internal units
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// of measurements are *ALWAYS*, and exclusively, SI.
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//
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// Example: Convert a std::vector<double> p, containing
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// pressure values in the SI unit Pascal (i.e., unit::Pascal)
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// to the equivalent values in Psi (unit::psia).
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//
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// using namespace Opm::unit;
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// std::transform(p.begin(), p.end(), p.begin(),
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// boost::bind(convert::to, _1, psia));
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//
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inline double to(const double q, const double unit)
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{
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return q / unit;
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}
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} // namespace convert
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} // namespace unit
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namespace units {
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// const double MILLIDARCY = 1.0;//9.86923e-16;
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// const double VISCOSITY_UNIT = 1.0;//1e-3;
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// const double DAYS2SECONDS = 1.0;//86400;
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const double MILLIDARCY = 9.86923e-16;
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const double VISCOSITY_UNIT = 1e-3;
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const double DAYS2SECONDS = 86400;
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const double FEET = 0.30479999798832;
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const double WELL_INDEX_UNIT = VISCOSITY_UNIT/(DAYS2SECONDS*1e5);
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} // namespace units
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} // namespace Opm
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#endif // OPENRS_UNITS_HEADER
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